First-morning urine specific gravity and enuresis in preschool children

The object of the study was to determine whether a first-morning urine specific gravity of less than or equal to 1.015 was associated with enuresis in children 3 to 6 years old. Parents of preschool children seen at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation during a 5-month period completed a questionnaire concerning bed-wetting and voiding habits of their child and collected first-morning urine specimens for specific gravity analysis. Of 101 children, 12 had a urine specific gravity of less than or equal to 1.015 (11.9%), including seven of 73 (9.6%) nonbed-wetters, two of 19 (10.5%) bed-wetters by history (who did not wet their beds on the night of the study), and three of nine (33.3%) bed-wetters (who wet their beds on the night of the study). The 73 nonbed-wetters (72.3%) had a mean (+/- standard deviation) urine specific gravity of 1.022 (+/- 0.006); 19 bed-wetters by history (18.9%) had a mean urine specific gravity of 1.024 (+/- 0.006); and nine bed-wetters (8.9%) had a mean urine specific gravity of 1.019 (+/- 0.005). The groups' mean urine specific gravities were not significantly different (p = 0.10) and the enuretic children were not more likely to have first-morning-void urine specific gravity of less than or equal to 1.015 than nonenuretic children (p = 0.14). Enuretic children who wet their beds on the night of the study had lower mean urine specific gravity than nonbed-wetters although the difference was not significant. Therefore, we do not recommend routine use of first warning void urine specific gravity analysis for predicting presence or absence of enuresis.     

An optimal deep learning framework for multi-type hemorrhagic lesions detection and quantification in head CT images for traumatic brain injury

Applied Intelligence - Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) could lead to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), which has now been identified as a major cause of death after trauma if it is not adequately...     

Thermoelectric influence on the strength of alloy ABM-1 in a medium of liquid nitrogen

We investigated the change of the structural state when a current pulse was passed through the high-modulus alloy ABM-1 situated in a medium of liquid nitrogen. Current pulses heat the material and bring about thermal stresses that lead to a reduction of the regions of coherent scattering. A change of the structural state causes a deviation of the dependence U (I _a)from linearity. It was discovered that thermoelectric treatment results in the formation of a stable amorphous layer at least 10-n thick on the surface of the alloy.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 4, pp. 115–118, April, 1996.     

Change in the structural state of titanium in electrical heating in liquid nitrogen

Electrical heating in a liquid nitrogen medium alters the structural state of polycrystalline titanium. It is shown by the methods of resistometry, X-ray photography, and metallography that, in treatment by current, grains grow by collective recrystallization, and formation of rutile associated with active diffusion of oxygen is observed.Physical-Engineering Institute of Low Temperatures, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. 245–248, February, 1994.