Application of EPR-MOGA in computing the liquefaction-induced settlement of a building subjected to seismic shake

Accurate prediction of the liquefaction-induced settlement (\({S}_{\mathrm{lc}}\)) is an essential requirement for a good design of buildings resting on liquefiable ground and subjected to seismic shake. However, prediction of the \({S}_{\mathrm{lc}}\) is not straightforward process and it requires advanced soil models and calibrated soil parameters that are not readily available for designers/practitioners. In addition, the available empirical models to estimate the \({S}_{\mathrm{lc}}\) have been developed using either classical regression analysis or multivariate adaptive regression splines and such techniques produce complicated models. Also, these empirical models have been developed utilizing results of numerical modelling. To overcome these limitations, novel model has been developed in this paper utilizing robust regression analysis driven by artificial intelligence called the evolutionary polynomial regression analysis. The new model has been developed using centrifuge results (real laboratory measurements) and can be easily used to accurately estimate the liquefaction induced settlement. The developed model scored a mean absolute error, root mean square error, mean, standard deviation of the predicted to measured values, coefficient of determination, \(a20 - \mathrm{index}\), and EPR coefficient of determination of 2.12 cm, 2.84 cm, 1.06, 0.19, 0.98, 0.77, and 97%, respectively, for the learning data and 1.73 cm, 3.31 cm, 0.99, 0.17, 0.97, 0.75, and 97%, respectively, for the examination data. The developed model has also been used in a parametric study to provide an insight into the sensitivity of the \({S}_{\mathrm{lc}}\) to the foundation width, building height, pressure applied on the foundation, thickness and relative density of the liquefiable layer, and earthquake intensity. The results obtained from the parametric study are reasonable and in agreement with previous studies in the literature. Thus, the developed model can be employed to optimize designs and to reduce design costs as it does not require complicated analyses and/or expensive computational facilities.

     

关于以能力建设为基础的培训工作研究

提高对人才能力建设的培训水平,是国有企业培训机构在人才培训工作与人力资源开发过程中需要深入研究、探索的重要课题。针对中国石油化工集团公司推进改革发展、实现企业战略目标对高级管理人才的需求,以企业高级管理人才任职前培训为目标,在培训需求研究、课程设计与内容开发、教学手段和方法、培训过程管理与质量保证机制、培训效果评估等方面进行研究。     

Signal Integrity: Fault Modeling and Testing in High-Speed SoCs

As we approach 100 nm technology the interconnect issues are becoming one of the main concerns in the testing of gigahertz system-on-chips. Voltage distortion (noise) and delay violations (skew) contribute to the signal integrity loss and ultimately functional error, performance degradation and reliability problems. In this paper, we first define a model for integrity faults on the high-speed interconnects. Then, we present a BIST-based test methodology that includes two special cells to detect and measure noise and skew occurring on the interconnects of the gigahertz system-on-chips. Using an inexpensive test architecture the integrity information accumulated by these special cells can be scanned out for final test and reliability analysis.     

永恒的回答——维斯康尼的建筑艺术

本文以维斯康尼的四个建筑作品为例分析了其建筑设计的艺术特性。凭借对“限制”内涵的深入思考和领会，维斯康尼以其独特的手法和操作方式营建其作品的永恒性。     

Mechanical behavior of 30–50 nm thick aluminum films under uniaxial tension

We present uniaxial tensile test results for 30–50 nm thick freestanding aluminum films. Young’s modulus and ductility were found to decrease monotonically with grain size. Reverse Hall–Petch behavior was observed with no appreciable room temperature creep. Non-linear elasticity with small irreversible deformation was observed for 50 nm thick specimens.     

The influence of raw material characteristics on the industrial pelletizing process and pellet quality

Industrial pelletizing of sawdust was carried out as a designed experiment in the factors: sawdust moisture content, fractions of fresh pine, stored pine and spruce. The process parameters and response variables were energy consumption, pellet flow rate, pellet bulk density, durability and moisture content. The final data consisted of twelve industrial scale runs. Because of the many response variables, data evaluation was by principal component analysis of a 12 × 9 data matrix. The two principal component model showed a clustering of samples, with a good reproducibility of the center points. It also showed a positive correlation of energy consumption, bulk density and durability all negatively correlated to flow rate and moisture content. The stored pine was more related to high durability and bulk density. The role of the spruce fraction was unclear. The design matrix, augmented with the process parameters was a 12 × 6 matrix. Partial least squares regression showed excellent results for pellet moisture content and bulk density. The model for durability was promising. A 12 × 21 data matrix of fatty- and resin acid concentrations measured by GC–MS showed the differences between fresh and stored pine very clearly. The influence of the spruce fraction was less clear. However, the influence of the fatty- and resin acids on the pelletizing process could not be confirmed, indicating that other differences between fresh and stored pine sawdust have to be investigated. This work shows that it is possible to design the pelletizing process for moderate energy consumption and high pellet quality.     

Study of the morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene composites with silica or rice‐husk

The mechanical, morphological behavior and water absorption characteristics of polypropylene (PP) and silica, or PP and rice‐husk, composites have been studied. The silica used in this study as filler was a commercial type produced from soluble glass or rice husks. The compatibilizing effect of PP grafted with monomethyl itaconate (PP‐g‐MMI) and/or with vinyltriethoxysilane (PP‐g‐VTES) as polar monomers on the mechanical properties and water absorption was also investigated. In general, a high loading of the studied fillers in the polymer matrix increases the stiffness and the water absorption capacity. This effect is more noticeable in the tensile modulus of the PP/silica composite with PP‐g‐VTES as compatibilizer. However, the increase of the rice‐husk charge as a natural filler in the PP matrix decreases the stiffness, and in the presence of PP‐g‐MMI as compatibilizer in PP/rice‐husk, the tensile modulus and water absorption of the composite were improved. The better adhesion and phase continuity in the PP/silica and PP/rice‐husk composites with different compatibilizers was confirmed by the morphological study. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

校企合作是高等职业教育改革与发展的必由之路

校企合作是高等职业教育发展的重要趋势之一,是与现代化大生产、现代科学技术和现代高等教育发展相适应的一种客观要求.加强校企合作已成为高职院校制定面向21世纪发展战略的重要内容.高校和企业联合举办高职学院是新的发展时期对校企合作认识的深化,也是高校和企业之间开展全方位和深层次合作的最佳切入点.文章所阐述的校企合作主要指在人才培养、科学研究、技术开发、生产经营以及资源综合利用等多方面的协作.