The clinical estimation of liver size: a comparison of techniques and an analysis of the source of error

The clinical estimation of liver size using radioisotope scintiscans as a standard of reference has been shown to be very inaccurate. The main source of error is in the location of the upper border of the liver. Physical characteristics of the patients influence this measurement.     

Efficient Search Methods Using Energy Detectors--Maximum Probability of Detection

The search for weak signals with unknown center frequency using energy detectors is a resource allocation problem. This paper considers good strategies for search when the total search time is fixed. The criterion for optimality considered in this paper is maximum probability of detection for specified false alarm probability. The problem is shown to be one in nonlinear programming which has a solution via dynamic programming methods. Several computer simulations are presented for representative cases of interest. A heuristic discussion of these strategies is presented together with suboptimal strategies that require a lower computational burden.     

Evaluation and improvement of total organic bromine analysis with respect to reductive property of activated carbon

A collective parameter and a toxicity indicator for all the halogenated organic disinfection byproducts in a water sample is total organic halogen (TOX), which can be differentiated as total organic chlorine (TOCl), total organic bromine (TOBr) and total organic iodine. The TOX method involves concentration of organic halogens from water by adsorption onto activated carbon (AC). A previous study showed that a portion of TOCl can be reduced to chloride during the adsorption procedure, which can be minimized by ozonation of the AC. In this study, a portion of TOBr was sometimes found to be reduced by AC to bromide, and the reduction was generally less than that of corresponding TOCl. The results suggested that around 10% of brominated Suwannee River fulvic acid was reduced to bromide. However, some brominated amino compounds (especially glycylglycine, phenylalanine, and cytosine) were found to be more reactive with the AC. For the iodinated compounds studied, the reduction to iodide was not significant. The method for the TOBr measurement was improved by using ozonated AC when reduction occurred on the original AC. The improved method was also evaluated on treated wastewater and swimming pool water samples.     

Endodontic applications of guided tissue regeneration in endodontic surgery

This paper is intended to provide an overview of different endodontic applications in guided tissue regeneration. It is our expectation that using these techniques, where applicable, will increase endodontic surgical success. We have described six different clinical conditions including external resorption, root perforation, dehiscence, palatal grooves, oblique root fractures, and large periapical lesions. We believe the use of guided tissue regeneration techniques will allow us to predictably treat teeth that otherwise might be extracted.     

Modern treatment of avulsed teeth by emergency physicians

New research has shown that the incidence of success of replanted avulsed teeth can be greatly increased by differentially diagnosing and treating them according to the length of extraoral time and the physiological width of the apical foramen. A specific treatment regimen has been presented that will give the physician the information necessary to maximize the success of replanted avulsed teeth that may be seen.     

A.C. Conductance and phase angle anomaly in the range 100–150°K in pressure-quenched chlorinated cadmium sulfide

A chlorinated form of CdS was pressure-quenched from the 40–45 kbar region at room temperature and cooled to liquid nitrogen conditions. During the cooling and re-warming process anomalies occurred in the form of increases in conductance and accompanying changes in phase angle from capacitive or resistive to inductive. Recovered products showed a dark red color with regions of black sheen. X-ray mapping for Cd, S and C1 indicated that chlorine existed as part of a second phase such as NH₄C1.