Deep learning controller for nonlinear system based on Lyapunov stability criterion

Neural Computing and Applications - For the current paper, the technique of feed-forward neural network deep learning controller (FFNNDLC) for the nonlinear systems is proposed. The FFNNDLC...     

Full-state neural network observer-based hybrid quantum diagonal recurrent neural network adaptive tracking control

Neural Computing and Applications - This study introduces a neural network (NN) adaptive tracking controller-based reinforcement learning (RL) scheme for unknown nonlinear systems. First, an...     

Electrochemical and Theoretical Investigation for the Protection of Aluminum Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid using Some Azole Derivatives

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - Three compounds of azole derivatives were investigated as inhibitors for the dissolution of aluminum (Al) in 0.5 M HCl solution using...     

Enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability of platinum,gold, and nickel oxide nanoparticles-based ternary catalyst for formic acid electro-oxidation

The global interest to realize and commercialize the direct formic acid fuel cells has motivated the development of efficient and stable anodes for the formic acid (FA) electro-oxidation (FAO). In this investigation, a ternary catalyst composed of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs), Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and nickel oxide nanoparticles (nano-NiO_x), all were sequentially electrodeposited onto the surface of a glassy carbon (GC) electrode, was recommended for this reaction. The surface morphology investigation revealed the deposition of grain-shaped PtNPs (25 nm average particle size), and flower-shaped nanospheres (less than 60 nm average particle size) of AuNPs and nano-NiO_x. Interestingly, the ternary modified NiO_x-Au-Pt/GC electrode has shown an outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards the direct FAO, concurrently with a complete suppression for the indirect route. It further exhibited excellent stability that extended for 7 h of continuous electrolysis. While PtNPs furnished a suitable base for FA adsorption, AuNPs played a significant role to interrupt the contiguity of the Pt surface sites, which is necessary for CO poisoning. On the other hand, nano-NiO_x acted as a catalytic mediator facilitating the charge transfer of FAO and the oxidative removal of CO at a lower potential.     

Mechanical Properties and Stability to Light Exposure for Dyed Egyptian Cotton Fabrics with Natural and Synthetic Dyes

Synthetic dyes are more available than natural dyes were in the past, because of lower prices and wider ranges of bright shades with considerably improved color fastness properties. In current years, concern for the environment has created an increasing demand for natural dyes, which are friendlier to the environment than are synthetic dyes. The aim of this work is to study the effect of dyeing cotton fabrics with both a natural dye (henna) and a synthetic dye (Remazol blue) on some mechanical properties and those of stability to light exposure. The undyed and dyed cotton fabrics were tested for their mechanical behaviors expressed as tenacity (N), elongation %, and work-breaking (N · m). They were also tested for shrinkage and crease recovery angle. The stability to light before and after 100 h exposure was examined by investigating the microstructure [using x-ray diffraction (XRD)] and macrostructure [using a scanning electron microscope (SEM)] and the reflection spectra. The results proved that the cotton samples dyed with Henna dye have higher mechanical properties than those dyed with “Remazol” reactive dye. Moreover, the light fading behaviors of both synthetic and natural dyes were studied in terms of the reflection spectra (400–800 nm), microstructure, and macrostructure of the sample's fibers.     

Interval type-2 fuzzy PID controller for uncertain nonlinear inverted pendulum system

In this paper, the interval type-2 fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative controller (IT2F-PID) is proposed for controlling an inverted pendulum on a cart system with an uncertain model. The proposed controller is designed using a new method of type-reduction that we have proposed, which is called the simplified type-reduction method. The proposed IT2F-PID controller is able to handle the effect of structure uncertainties due to the structure of the interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2-FLS). The results of the proposed IT2F-PID controller using a new method of type-reduction are compared with the other proposed IT2F-PID controller using the uncertainty bound method and the type-1 fuzzy PID controller (T1F-PID). The simulation and practical results show that the performance of the proposed controller is significantly improved compared with the T1F-PID controller.     

Rheological quality and stability of yog-ice cream with added inulin

Research was conducted to examine the effect of inulin on the rheological and textural characteristics of yog-ice cream desserts in relation to their sensory attributes. Addition of inulin to yog-ice cream was shown to increase viscosity of the yogurt-ice cream mix and increase hardness of the resulting yog-ice cream. Meltdown characteristics of the yog-ice creams demonstrated a clear relationship between increased oligosaccharide levels and improved melting properties.     

A computational comparison of steady state load shedding approachesin electric power systems

This paper presents a formulation of the optimal steady state load shedding problem that uses the sum of the squares of the difference between the connected active and the reactive load and the supplied active and reactive power. The latter are treated as dependent variables modelled as functions of bus voltages only. An investigation of the performance of the proposed algorithm over a range of generation deficits as well as overload conditions is presented. Testing is done using IEEE 14, 30, 57, and 118 bus power systems, representing small and medium power systems. The optimal results are compared with results obtained using two earlier approaches. The results obtained using the proposed approach appear to give a better optimal state of the power system     

Extraction of Residual Chlorinated Pesticides from Cotton Matrix as Part of a Certification Method for Cotton Reference Material

As a part of developing a certified testing method for residual pesticides analysis in cotton materials using gas chromatography (GC), the target pesticides listed in Oko-tex standards should be isolated from a homogenized cotton matrix. The sample homogeneity and extraction procedures are the most effective steps in this analysis. Any error in this procedure must lead to incorrect results. Two extraction methods with different solvents, e.g., methanol, hexane, hexane/acetone (1:1 v/v), and dichloromethane were used throughout this work. Extraction methods were soxhlet (SOX) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). The resulted extracts were concentrated then injected into a GC equipped with an Electron Capture Detector (ECD). The qualitative results, when compared with those of the NIST standard reference material (SRM-2261) certified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, proved that the ASE and SOX techniques with dichloromethane as extracting solvent are more selective for all concerned pesticides for homogenized cotton samples. The ASE extraction with dichlormethane is better for hexachlorobenzene, gamma-HCH, heptachlor, Cis-chlordane, trans-nonchlor, and SOX extraction technique with dichloromethane is better for Heptachlor epoxide, 4,4′-DDE, Dieldrin, 2,4′-DDD, 4,4′-DDT, and Mirex with broading in the resulted peaks.     

Purification of carbon dioxide produced during the fermentative production of fodder yeast and ethyl alcohol by saccharomyces cerevisiae

The impurities present in carbon dioxide produced during the fermentative production of fodder yeast and ethyl alcohol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae were mainly acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde. 2,4-DNP reagent was sensitive to these impurities and they were precipitated as hydrazones. The soluble volatile organic compounds were completely removed in washers (I and II). The other impurities present in carbon dioxide were removed by treating the gas with potassium permanganate and activated charcoal to obtain pure gas. The system used in the purification of carbon dioxide in the factory was efficient when washing water was sufficient (2400 litres of running water/h) and the potassium permanganate solution was changed when it was exhausted.