Accounting for the uncertainties in the estimation of average shear wave velocity using V S– N correlations

Site-specific seismic hazard analysis is crucial for designing earthquake resistance structures, particularly in seismically active regions. Shear wave velocity ( V _S) is a key parameter in such analysis, although the economy and other factors restrict its direct field measurement in many cases. Various V _S–SPT– N correlations are routinely incorporated in seismic hazard analysis to estimate the value of V _S. However, many uncertainties question the reliability of these estimated V _S values. This paper comes up with a statistical approach to take care of such uncertainties involved in V _S calculations. The measured SPT– N values from all the critical boreholes were converted into statistical parameters and passed through various correlations to estimate V _S at different depths. The effect of different soil layers in the boreholes on the Vs estimation was also taken into account. Further, the average shear wave velocity of the top 30 m soil cover ( V _S30) is estimated after accounting for various epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties. The scattering nature of the V _S values estimated using different V _S– N correlations was reduced significantly with the application of the methodology. Study results further clearly demonstrated the potential of the approach to eliminate various uncertainties involved in the estimation of V _S30 using general and soil-specific correlations.     

月份牌视觉元素在包装设计中的装饰性研究

月份牌是19世纪中国文化与西方文化紧密结合产生的新事物,具有浓郁的时代色彩。文章研究了月份牌发展的历史背景、艺术特色、绘制题材、版式构成等多方面内容,归纳总结了月份牌画在现代包装设计中的商业文化价值,以及在包装设计中的应用原则。希望为以后月份牌在现代包装设计中的发展创新提供可借鉴的经验。     

基坑支护中支撑立柱的立柱桩垂直度控制

为保证立柱桩中插入格构柱时的精确定位及垂直度控制,结合实际工程案例,介绍了通过改良的格构柱在安装过程中的施工工艺。重点分析了作为支撑立柱的立柱桩工艺技术以及施工过程中的具体控制措施。以期为类似项目提供施工注意事项和建议。     

PPP模式下建筑企业投资项目造价控制与管理研究

相比于传统施工项目,建筑类企业参与PPP项目的投资建设,介入项目的时间点提前,角色也由单纯的施工方转变为多重身份并存。首先分析建筑类企业面临的投资项目造价控制与管理的角色转变、新问题,以及由于角色变化带来的造价管理需求。在对基本建设程序和PPP模式下投资项目策划和实施方式梳理分析的基础上,提出投资类建筑企业造价控制与管理的基本原则和相应的策略建议。     

Separation of hematite from banded hematite jasper (BHJ) by magnetic coating

The separation of iron oxide from banded hematite jasper(BHJ) assaying 47.8% Fe, 25.6% Si O2 and 2.30%Al2O3 using selective magnetic coating was studied. Characterization studies of the low grade ore indicate that besides hematite and goethite,jasper, a microcrystalline form of quartzite, is the major impurity associated with this ore. Beneficiation by conventional magnetic separation technique could yield a magnetic concentrate containing 60.8% Fe with 51% Fe recovery. In order to enhance the recovery of the iron oxide minerals, fine magnetite, colloidal magnetite and oleate colloidal magnetite were used as the coating material. When subjected to magnetic separation, the coated ore produces an iron concentrate containing 60.2% Fe with an enhanced recovery of56%. The AFM studies indicate that the coagulation of hematite particles with the oleate colloidal magnetite facilitates the higher recovery of iron particles from the low grade BHJ iron ore under appropriate conditions.     

风起云涌的液晶电视机市场

2005年，随着三星七代液晶面板生产线的投产，液晶电视机的产量大大增加，首先引发了液晶电视机的降价，相伴而来，等离子电视机价格也出现雪崩，降价幅度达到30％。今年元旦刚过，就传来三星第二条七代线和LPL七代线投产的消息，尽管两条新的七代线投产的消息刚刚宣布，但是其连锁效应已经开始展现，跟随着SONY大幅降低液晶电视价格的步伐，外资品牌纷纷开始跟进。这发降价狂潮中，32英寸液晶电视机价格变动最大，降幅高达几千元，LG RT-32LZ50只要8999元，而去年国庆节前还要13800元，东芝32WL55C从16060元降到13400元。LG RT-37LZ30/RT-42LZ30分别从19980元／29600元降到16800元／21900元。[编者按]     

BaxSr（1—x）TiO3多层膜椭偏光谱研究

用溶胶－凝胶技术在Bi(100）衬底上制备了单层和渐变型多层的BaxSr(1-X)TiO3薄膜，其膜层组分分别为：Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3,Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO,Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3,BaTiO3，对生长制备出的多层BaxSr(1-X)TiO3薄膜进行了变角度椭偏光谱测量，通过椭偏光谱解谱分析研究，首次得到了BaxSr(1-X)TiO3多层膜结构不同膜层的膜厚和光学常数，其结果显示：椭偏光谱分析得到的不同膜层的膜厚与卢瑟福背向散射测量得到的结果基本相符；渐变型多层膜中BaTiO3薄膜的折射率比单层BaTiO3薄膜折射率大许多，与体BaTiO3的折射率相接近，这说明渐变型多层膜中BaTiO3薄膜的光学性质与体材料的光学性质接近。     

工业废水的生化处理工艺

1　引言多年来 ,欧盟与各国政府都不断地加强有关污水处理的法规 ,法规规定产生污水的企业必须在排放污水前加以处理。然而 ,在许多场合 ,由于至今尚无令人满意的方法来彻底净化污水 ,而且只要这些生产企业正在认真地寻找解决问题的方法 ,这些规定也不是一概而论的。因此 ,在实施法规的过程中就导致了某种程度的宽松度。这些情况将会结束 ,在不久的将来 ,这些法规将会得到强有力的执行。现在大多数公司的环境问题很严重 ,当然污水处理也确实有其商业上的原因。最主要的是这些公司除非找到一个可行的处理污水的方法 ,否则不允许他们继续生产…