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中国液态锂铅包层材料研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
黄群英 李春京 李艳芬 刘少军 宋勇 彭蕾 章毛连 朱志强 高胜 郭智慧 王永亮 吴宜灿 周新贵 万发荣 单以银 郁金南 朱升云 张品源 杨建锋 李合琴 巨新 室贺健夫 长坂琢也 大贯惣明 FDS团队 《原子能科学技术》2007,41(Z1):397-406
液态锂铅包层是国际上普遍关注和最有发展潜力的聚变堆包层概念设计之一,而包层材料是液态锂铅包层的核心问题之一.目前,液态锂铅包层普遍选用低活化铁素体/马氏体钢(RAFM钢)作为结构材料,液态锂铅作为中子倍增剂及氚增殖剂.另外,部分设计采用了耐高温、电绝缘流道插件作为功能材料,以降低磁流体动力学效应及提高冷却剂出口温度(高于700℃).为适应液态包层的发展需求,中国科学院等离子体物理研究所FDS团队联合国内外相关研究单位,进行了具有中国自主知识产权的中国低活化马氏体钢(CLAM钢)及液态锂铅包层功能材料研发,并开展了锂铅热对流及强迫对流回路的设计、研制及腐蚀实验研究,以研究液态金属锂铅的流动特性及其与结构和功能材料的相容性.同时建立了聚变堆材料数据库平台,为促进中国聚变堆液态包层及材料技术的研究和发展提供数据支持. 相似文献
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Hao Yao Shigehito Isobe Yongming Wang Naoyuki Hashimoto Somei Ohnuki 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
The thermal decomposition process of lithium alanate (LiAlH4) was investigated by TEM, TG-DTA and XRD. It was shown that LiAlH4 decomposes through a two-step reaction: a liquid-to-solid phase transition in the first step of the decomposition and a solid-to-solid reaction in the second step of the decomposition, both steps accompanied by hydrogen release. The particle size of the aluminum (Al), which formed in the first decomposition step, was much larger than that in the second decomposition step. In addition, Al particles formed in the liquid phase of LiAlH4 in the first decomposition step, while, they form in solid phase of Li3AlH6 in the second decomposition step, resulting in the kinetics of the first decomposition step being faster than that of the second decomposition step. The investigation clearly demonstrated the reaction model of the decomposition of LiAlH4 in the nano-scale, showing different diffusion processes of Al in each of the decomposition steps. 相似文献
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Shigehito Isobe Somei OhnukiWilliam I.F. David Matthias GutmannMartin O. Jones Peter P. EdwardsTakayuki Ichikawa Yoshitsugu Kojima 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2011,36(13):7909-7913
We have synthesized a single crystal of lithium amide (LiNH2, LiND2) by melting method, and performed neutron diffraction of the single crystal at variable temperature. LiND2 is tetragonal structure and I-4 space group. Lattice parameters and unit cell volume of LiND2 at room temperature, 50 °C, 100 °C, 150 °C and 200 °C were determined. Both of the lattice parameters and the unit cell volume increase with increase of temperature. From these results, we have estimated coefficient of volumetric thermal expansion αV of LiND2 to be 222 × 10−6/K. With increase of temperature, all thermal ellipsoids gradually expand because of thermal vibration. 相似文献
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注氘低活化马氏体钢在电子辐照下的缺陷行为 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
低活化铁素体/马氏体(RAFM)钢被视为国际热核聚变反应堆以及聚变反应堆的第1壁候选结构材料之一,很多国家均在研究不同的RAFM钢,中国低活化马氏体(CLAM)钢的研究亦正在进行。核聚变会产生氢、氦、氘及氚,这些气体元素与辐照缺陷结合在一起,对材料的辐照性能会产生较大影响。本文对注氘后不同温度下的辐照后微观结构进行研究。试验利用日本北海道大学的JEOL-1300高压电子显微镜研究注氘CLAM钢从室温到873K在1250keV电子辐照下的微观结构变化。研究结果表明,在电子辐照下,注氘产生的缺陷团会出现消失和长大两种现象,意味着间隙型与空位型位错环在注氘过程中同时产生。并研究了注氘产生的空洞。 相似文献
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Tessui Nakagawa Takayuki Ichikawa Keiji Shimoda Masami Tsubota Hiroki Miyaoka Shigehito Isobe Tetsuo Honma Shinji Michimura Fumitoshi Iga Somei Ohnuki Yoshitsugu Kojima 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
The mixtures of scandium hydride ScH2 and metal boride MBn, which is MgB2 or CaB6, were hydrogenated by mechanical milling under hydrogen pressure at room temperature. ScH2–MgB2 and ScH2–CaB6 desorbed 3.4 and 2.3 mass% of H2, respectively, with peaks below 300 °C. The results of synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Sc K-edge indicated that ScB2 was produced by milling. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that hydrogen was stored as B–H bonds in the as-milled samples. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy clarified the presence of metal borohydrides M(BH4)2 (M = Mg and Ca) in the as-milled ScH2–MBn mixtures. These results indicate that M(BH4)2 is synthesized by milling the ScH2–MBn mixtures under hydrogen pressure at room temperature, and hydrogen was desorbed from M(BH4)2. The by-products of M(BH4)2 are MgH2 in the M = Mg case, which was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and ScB2 in both cases. 相似文献
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硅对低活化马氏体钢电子辐照行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
利用超高压透射电子显微镜研究了两种成分的低活化马氏体钢(CLAM钢)的辐照损伤行为。结果表明:电子辐照能在未添加硅的CLAM钢中产生辐照空洞;在450℃下辐照至14dpa时,空洞数密度约为8.7×1021m-3,辐照肿胀率约为0.26%;在450℃下的辐照肿胀率明显比500℃下的高;当损伤率为2×10-3dpa/s时,添加合金元素硅能显著提高CLAM钢的抗辐照肿胀能力,未在添加硅的CLAM钢中实验观察到辐照空洞的形成。在450℃下进行辐照时,添加硅的CLAM钢出现明显的辐照共格析出现象。 相似文献
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Shaoning JIANG Farong WAN Yi LONG Jianchao HE Pingping LIU Somei OHNUKI Naoyuki HASHIMOTO 《金属学报(英文版)》2013,(3):303-306
To study the effect of tungsten, vanadium and tantalum on the microstructures in CLAM (China Low Activation Martensitic) steel after irradiation respectively, the microstructures of Fe-M (M= V ,W, Ta) model alloys were investigated after implanted deuterium ions using an ion accelerator at 773 K. After implanted deuterium ion, TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) observation and EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrom) analysis have been carried out. The result showed that tiny voids were observed in all model alloys after implanted the same dose of deuterium ions. The swelling rate in FeTa alloy was the smallest among the three alloys. Unlike FeW and FeV alloys, there was the segregation in FeTa alloy under a fluence of 5×1017 D + /cm2 at 773 K. A theoretical analysis showed that the void growth in FeTa alloy slowed down due to tantalum segregation near voids. It indicates that tantalum plays an important role in the improved irradiation resistance of CLAM steel. 相似文献
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A plastic bag method was developed to observe air-sensitive samples on microstructure and phase distribution without exposure to air during the holder transfer process into the transmission electron microscope (TEM). As an example, a type of lithium aluminum hydride (Li(3)AlH(6)) was observed in the TEM to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. Results show that the plastic bag method is a simple and practical TEM transfer method utilized to reduce air contact for a series of air-sensitive materials. 相似文献
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