轮胎型真空室在核聚变装置上的设计与分析研究

在磁约束核聚变装置中,真空室是一个非常重要的关键部件,它为高温等离子体提供洁净运行环境。KTX装置是一种反场箍缩核聚变装置,它有别于托卡马克装置和仿星器核聚变装置。目前核聚变装置上使用的真空室由多个虾米扇段通过焊接成环形真空室,此类型真空室焊缝数量多,焊缝距离长,焊接变形控制难度大。根据装置要求,KTX磁约束核聚变装置真空室设计为轮胎型结构,大半径为1.4 m,截面半径为0.4 m,真空度为1.5×10-6Pa,且具有易于进入维护和更换真空室内部部件功能。本论文针对KTX装置真空室设计要求和技术参数,对轮胎型真空室开展设计,在设计过程中,基于真空室各种运行工况,对真空室开展了热、电磁和结构相关方面分析计算,根据计算结果对真空室进行优化和验证。本类型真空室设计和分析方法为未来磁约束核聚变装置真空室设计研制提供参考和借鉴。     

国际热核聚变实验堆磁体线圈终端盒的设计

线圈终端盒（CTB）是国际热核聚变实验堆超导磁体系统的重要组成部分，其内部组件的漏热常常是整个磁体系统的主要漏热源之一，在很大程度上决定着低温系统的液氦消耗量。本文从降低热负荷的角度对CTB内部冷屏、超导电流传输线、电流引线、阀及冷却管路、外部盒体的设计进行了详细阐述，为最终结构的确定提供了理论依据。     

液氮传导冷却型高温超导电流引线研制

80 A和200 A液氮传导冷却型高温超导(HTS)电流引线由铜引线段、中间过渡段和高温超导段组成,HTS热端采用液氮传导冷却,HTS冷端采用液氦传导冷却。铜引线段工作在室温到中间温度(~80 K),高温超导段工作温区6—80 K。介绍该传导冷却型电流引线的结构设计和低温性能测试。实验结果表明,中间过渡段温度~78 K,高温超导热端温度77 K;80 A、200 A电流引线液氦下稳态测试电流分别为100 A和250 A。     

Recent ICRF coupling experiments on EAST

Recent ion cyclotron resonance frequency(ICRF) coupling experiments for optimizing ICRF heating in high power discharge were performed on EAST. The coupling experiments were focus on antenna phasing and gas puffing, which were performed separately on two ports of the ion cyclotron resonance heating(ICRH) system of EAST. The antenna phasing was performed on the I-port antenna, which consists of four toroidally spaced radiating straps operating in multiple phasing cases; the coupling performance was better under low wave number ∣k_‖∣(ranging from 4.5 to 6.5). By fuelling the plasma from gas injectors, placed as uniformly spaced array from top to bottom at each side limiter of the B-port antenna, which works in dipole phasing, the coupling resistance of the B-port antenna increased obviously.Furthermore, the coupling resistance of the I-port antenna was insensitive to a smaller rate of gas puffing but when the gas injection rate was more than a certain value(1021 s~(-1)), a sharp increase in the coupling resistance of the I-port antenna occurred, which was mainly caused by the toroidal asymmetric boundary density arising from gas puffing. A more specific analysis is given in the paper.     

CFETR氦冷固态包层设计及热工水力学分析

基于中国聚变工程实验堆(Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor,CFETR)提出了一种新型氦冷固态氚增殖包层设计方案。以托卡马克中平面上一块外包层模块为例,系统介绍了该包层概念设计。基于工程流体力学理论,对包层模块内冷却剂的流动特性进行了理论求解。同时采用计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)软件CFX,对包层模块流体域和固体域进行耦合传热分析,求解得到冷却剂的流动特性和理论计算难以求解的固体域温度场分布。计算结果表明:理论计算与模拟结果吻合程度良好,冷却剂在包层内总压降为243 k Pa,总温升为194.6°C,运行在合理区间;包层各结构材料在正常运行工况下的温度可以满足材料的最高温度限制要求,为该包层方案的进一步结构优化和安全分析提供参考。     

Thermal analysis and optimization of the EAST ICRH antenna

The ion cyclotron resonance of frequency heating(ICRH) plays an important role in plasma heating.Two ICRH antennas were designed and applied on the EAST tokamak.In order to meet the requirement imposed by high-power and long-pulse operation of EAST in the future,an active cooling system is mandatory to be designed to remove the heat load deposited on the components.Thermal analyses for high heat-load components have been carried out,which presented clear temperature distribution on each component and provided the reference data to do the optimization.Meanwhile,heat pipes were designed to satisfy the high requirement imposed by a Faraday shield and lateral limiter.     

一种应用于聚变堆的多层密封的设计与分析

遥操作系统的设计是中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)中的一个关键问题,其中遥操作车的密封结构设计在整个停堆维护过程中起着重要作用,它是保证操作者可以安全、可靠和可重复性执行针对不同维护对象的维护任务的前提。文中首先介绍了CFETR遥操作转运车以及双密封门的设计,针对多层密封的特点进行了优化改进;然后对密封圈的选材做了分析,并详细计算了所需密封力的大小,根据结果选择硬度50HS的氟橡胶作为密封圈材料;最后设计了检漏的方案,对泄露情形做了分析,计算了压降和随时间变化关系,结果满足操作时间要求和系统安全要求。     

Buckling Analysis of TF Coil Inner Leg for Central Solenoidless Tokamak

The central post is one of the critical components for the low aspect ratio tokamak, which endures not only a tremendous ohmic heating because it carries a rather high current, but also a large neutron heating and irradiation owing to the plasma operation. The DS copper alloy Glidcop AL-25[8] was chosen as the conductor material for its adequate mechanical properties and physics properties. The central post has a cylindrical structure with lots of cooling channels. The length of the central post for the next generation of nuclear fusion spherical tokamaks will be more than 10 m or 20 m. The structural stability is very crucial. When the applied load is larger than the structure critical buckling load, the device will lose its stability and collapse. In order to calculate the critical buckling load, a 1/6-segment finite element model was used and the force acting on the central post was simulated. The results showed that the vertical compressive stresses mainly affect the stability of the central post. The linear buckling analysis results with finite element method based on small deformation theory were given in this paper. The relation curves and functions for buckling factor, depending on the different lengths and the radius of the central post, the diameter of cooling channel and the maximum allowable current density, were also shown.     

ITER磁体过渡馈线的结构设计与优化

国际热核聚变实验堆ITER(Intemational Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor)是正在进行的一项大型国际合作项目.磁体过渡馈线是保证磁体正常工作的重要通道.本文对磁体过渡馈线系统各组件结构进行了设计,利用有限元软件对结构作了初步分析和结构优化.结果表明:现有结构完全满足设计要求;通过对现有结构进行优化,如增设横向筋板、L型加强板,简化超导电流传输线(Busbar)的弯曲结构等,可以达到降低成本、简化结构的目的.     

Design of the Cryostat for HT—7U superconducting Tokamak

The cryostat of HT-7U tokamak is a large vacuum vessel surrounding the entire basic machine with a cylindrical shell,a dished top and a flat bottom.The main function of HT-7U cryostat is to provide a thermal barrier between an ambient temperature test hall and a liquid helium-cooled superconducting magnet.The loads applied to the cryostat are from sources of vacuum pressure,dead weight,seismic events and electromagnetic forces originated by eddy currents.It also provides feed-through penetrations for all the conecting elements inside and outside the cryostat.The main material selected for the cryostat is stainless steel 304L.The structural analyses including buckling for the cryostat vessel under the plasma operation condition have been carried out by using a finite element code.Stress analysis results show that the maximum stress intensity was below the allowable value.In this paper,the structural analyses and design of HT-7U cryostat are emphasized.