秋季畜禽驱虫要点

秋季是畜禽集中驱虫的好时机。为彻底驱虫,防止药物中毒,应掌握以下要点。一、合理选药,注意搭配。既要根据畜禽种类、年龄、感染寄生虫的种属、寄生的部位等选择驱虫范围广、疗效高、毒性低的广谱驱虫药,又要考虑经费开支。由于寄生虫病多为混合感染,     

高产奶牛夏季要调整喂养方法

奶牛耐寒怕热,其适宜环境温度为 10-20℃。当温度在25℃以上,对产奶量越高的奶牛影响越大,下降幅度可达 5千克-10千克。夏季奶牛的管理主要是防暑降温,但大多数养殖户只注意调     

西瓜甜瓜的田间管理

<正> 西瓜甜瓜栽培,在早熟栽培时多利用小拱棚、大棚等设备。一般的露地栽培,几乎全部采用地膜覆盖。下面所介绍的内容,就是地膜覆盖条件下的田间管理技术。1 幼苗管理1.1 查苗放苗先播种后盖地膜栽培的西瓜甜瓜,在出土前要经常巡视田间,检查出苗情况。发现幼苗出土就应及时破膜放苗,用小刀或竹片在幼苗上方把地膜划开,使幼苗露出膜外并用细土把地膜破口封严。放苗的时间,最好在傍晚或下午4时以后进行。在先覆膜后播种的地块,幼苗出土后就在膜外,自然无须放苗。     

春季促奶牛多产奶6要点

要在春季促进奶牛多产奶,养殖户在饲养管理上应抓好以下6要点: (一)保持适宜温度 奶牛产奶临界温度在20℃左右,除用暖棚养牛外,早春要达到这个温度很困难,但最起码应使舍温保持在10℃左右。 (二)供足日粮营养 在喂足干草或青贮饲料的基础上,应适当提高日粮营养浓度,参考配方:玉米面50%、豆饼30%、麸皮10%、脂肪3%、食盐1.5%、骨粉2%、小苏打1.5%、促奶预混料2%。没有青饲料时,每天应喂切碎的胡萝卜、马铃薯或新鲜大白菜叶等3～5千克。在正常产奶的基础上,每多产3千克奶,应增喂1～1.5千克混合精料,以保证产奶的需要。 (三)供给足量…     

Bile duct obstruction secondary to chronic pancreatitis in seven dogs

Seven icteric dogs were determined to have bile duct obstruction secondary to chronic pancreatitis. All dogs had histories of intermittent vomiting and diarrhea. Alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities and total bilirubin concentrations were markedly elevated. Diagnosis was based on exploratory laparotomy and histological examination. Each dog had a 3 to 10 cm mass in the body of the pancreas and obstruction of the common bile duct. Three dogs treated with pancreatectomy, gastrojejunostomy, and cholecystojejunostomy died within five weeks. Three dogs treated with conservative surgical procedures were alive at 8, 16, and 26 months postoperatively. One dog was euthanized because of suspected neoplasia. Hepatic enzyme activity and bilirubin levels decreased markedly in the surviving dogs. Histological examination of the pancreatic masses indicated chronic pancreatitis. Hepatic biopsies revealed evidence of cholestasis. Chronic pancreatitis should be included in the differential diagnoses of icterus, bile duct obstruction, and masses in the pancreas.     

The pathogenesis of excessive wear in the deciduous teeth of sheep

The teeth and various supporting and ancillary tissues were examined post mortem from two flocks of sheep, one of which had previously shown high deciduous incisor wear. Sheep were killed in groups selected on clinical signs at equivalent ages from birth to 116 weeks of age. At the end of this time the lengths of clinical crowns of the remaining deciduous incisor teeth in the high wear flock were not measurable, whereas the other flock had up to 5.5 mm in visible crown. Using the cingulum as a marker, measurements were made from extracted teeth of the attrition of the crown and size of the root. The tooth root did not grow substantially longer after the 13th week of the sheep;s life. Wear facets were just visible in some sheep at six weeks. More rapid wear occurred three times in the high wear flock. The first of these was relatively small and occurred between the 13th and 27th week of age in I1 and I2. The second was larger and occurred between the 38th and 57th week of age in the winter/spring period. A third period of wear, which was not measured from the cingulum, because this structure had by then been worn away, was seen in the remaining deciduous teeth between the ages of 91 and 110 weeks of age, i.e., during the second winter and spring. In the low wear flock the first of these periods of wear did not occur, the second was of shorter duration and smaller size, and the third equivocal. Eruption of the teeth after the 6th week was principally passive. There was no difference in the degree of wear of the molar teeth from the two flocks. Histological examination showed that the wear was compensated for by the deposition of reparative dentine in the pulp cavity. This usually gave the appearance of an ordered process. However, when wear was excessively rapid, a different, less orderly form of reparative dentine was laid down. In a few cases the reparative process was not fast enough, and a connection developed between the mouth and the pulp causing pulpitis. There was no histological evidence that the supportive tissues of the teeth, or the upper dental pad, contributed to the excessive wear.