咽淋巴环非霍奇金淋巴瘤与EB病毒感染的关系

[摘要] 目的 探讨鼻咽癌高发地区咽淋巴环非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）中 EB病毒（EBV）感染的情况及其临床意义。方法 选取病理确诊的咽淋巴环NHL30例,并选取同期咽淋巴环非肿瘤性黏膜活检组织10例作为对照组,应用PCR荧光定量技术与原位杂交的方法,分别从DNA及mRNA（EBER1/2）水平检测两组病例中EBV的感染情况。结果 （1）30例咽淋巴环NHL（B-NHL 18例,T-NHL 12例）组织中EBV DNA检出率60%（18/30）,EBER1/2阳性率53.3％（16/30）,均高于对照组(EBV DNA 20%, EBER1/2 10%),且差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）。（2）B-NHL中EBV DNA检出率77.8％（14/18）高于T-NHL中 EBV DNA检出率33.3％（4/12）,差异有显著性（P＜0.05）;而EBER1/2阳性率两者之间差异无显著性（P＞0.05）。结论 鼻咽癌高发地区,EBV感染与咽淋巴环NHL发生关系密切,且与NHL的分型有关。     

胃肠道粘膜相关淋巴组织型边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤病理观察

目的 探讨胃肠道粘膜相关淋巴组织型边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(MALT-MZL)的临床病理特点。方法 分析30例MALT-MZL的临床资料，HE光镜特点，应用免疫组化S-P法标记CD20、CD45RO、CD3、CD5、CDl0、CD23、bcl-2以及bcl-10。结果 患以中老年居多，平均51．2岁。临床症状以腹部胀痛为主(占88．9％)。病变粘膜呈脑回状或结节状(50％)、溃疡(43．3％)，活检弹性差(93．3％)。组织学特点：瘤细胞为边缘区B细胞、单核样B细胞．多少不等的小淋巴细胞、浆细胞及转化的大细胞；淋巴上皮病变19例；滤泡克隆化14例。22例免疫组化中，瘤细胞均表达CD20，10例bcl-2 ，均不表达CD45RO、CD3、CD5、CDl0、CD23。16例bcl-10中，5例胞核阳性，11例阴性病例中9例出现胞质着色。12例获得随访资料，1例死于化疗后4年，11例均健在。结论 胃肠道MALT-MZL为低度恶性淋巴瘤，具有一定临床特征，病理以HE形态学为要点，结合免疫组化有助于正确诊断和鉴别诊断。     

原发性十二指肠癌粘液分泌和胶原形成与浸润和淋巴结转移的关系

原发性十二指肠癌（PDC）十分罕见，仅占整个消化道肿瘤的0．04％～0．5％，却占小肠恶性肿瘤的33％～48％，早期诊断困难，转移早，死亡率高‘”。我们应用粘液组化和胶原染色方法探讨粘液分泌和胶原形成在PDC发生、浸润和淋巴结转移中的作用。材料和方法一、材料取我院1974～1995年间PDC手术切除标本30例，男19例，女11例，年龄为21～74岁。十二指肠正常粘膜20例，男12例，女8例，年龄为17～69岁。十二指肠溃疡组织20例，男13例，女7例，年龄为20～71岁。二、方法新鲜标本常规甲醛固定，24小时内取材，石蜡包理，连续spin厚度切片，H…     

性激素受体在良恶性脑膜瘤中的表达及意义

目的了解孕激素受体（PR）、雄激素受体（AR）、雌激素受体（ER）在脑膜瘤组织中的表达情况及其与肿瘤良恶性的关系。方法采用二步法免疫组织化学法对76例脑膜瘤切片进行PR、AR、ER的检测。结果①PR表达阳性率为65．9％（50／76）,其中良性脑膜瘤未复发者为72．3％（34／47）,良性脑膜瘤复发者为63．6％（7／11）,非典型脑膜瘤为60．0％（6／10）,间变型（恶性）脑膜瘤为37．5％（3／8）,4者间差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。②AR的表达阳性率为39．4％（30／76）,其中良性脑膜瘤未复发者为27．7％（13／47）,良性脑膜瘤复发者为36．4％（4／11）,非典型脑膜瘤为60．0％（6／10）,间变型（恶性）脑膜瘤为87．5％（7／8）,4者间差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。③76例脑膜瘤中ER阳性表达仅有3例,末行统计学分析。结论PR、AR在良性、非典型和恶性脑膜瘤中的表达显著不同,PR的表达是良性脑膜瘤预后的重要标志,AR的表达与恶性脑膜瘤的病理分级相关,而ER的表达与脑膜瘤复发无关。     

食道梭形间叶细胞肿瘤11例报道

食道梭形间叶细胞肿瘤主为平滑肌源性间质瘤[1]自1985年提出作为消化道独立的一类间叶肿瘤,已有不少研究报道,但大部分研究为胃和肠道内的间质瘤的研究,食道梭形细胞间叶肿瘤(包括食道间质瘤)研究不多.本文对11例食道梭形细胞间叶肿瘤(含1例间质瘤)进行临床病理分析、并运用免疫组化以探讨其免疫病理特性及与临床行为之间的关系.     

脑星形细胞瘤CyclinD1、P21WAF1/CIP1和Survivin关系的探讨

目的探讨CyclinD1、P21WAF1/CIP1和Survivin与脑星形细胞瘤的相关性。方法采用ElivisionTMplus免疫组化方法,检测10例正常脑组织、60例脑星形细胞瘤中CyclinD1、P21WAF1/CIP1和Survivin的表达情况。结果在正常脑组织和脑星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级中的阳性表达情况:(1)C     

宫颈癌筛查技术在病理诊断中的应用

<正>宫颈癌是一种常见的妇科恶性肿瘤,通过早期筛查,提前干预治疗,其发病率已降至女性恶性肿瘤的第3位,仅次于结肠癌、乳腺癌[1]。近年来,年轻患者病例逐渐增加,特别是宫颈腺癌的发病趋于年轻化,世界每年大约有46万的新发病例,年龄主要集中在45⁴9岁,发展中国家发病率约80%,是发达国家的6倍且绝大部分患者确诊时已发展成为浸润癌。我国宫颈癌的发病年龄>35岁,每年新增病例约10万,占     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对烟雾吸入性损伤兔早期肺组织的影响

目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)移植对烟雾吸入性损伤兔早期肺组织损伤的影响.方法 采用直接贴壁法体外培养兔MSCs,用流式细胞术鉴定MSCs.将48只兔制备烟雾吸入性损伤模型后按随机数字表法均分成致伤组和MSCs组.MSCs组伤后立即静脉给予含1×107个/ml MSCs的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)10 ml;致伤组则给予10 ml PBS.分别于干预后2、6和24 h活杀8只兔,取肺组织行组织病理学观察,同时进行肺损伤评分.结果 流式细胞术检测显示所培养细胞为MSCs.肺大体标本和光镜下均观察到MSCs组肺损伤程度较致伤组明显减轻.虽然MSCs组和致伤组伤后2 h肺损伤评分(分)比较差异无统计学意义(4.0±0.7比4.5±0.6,P＞0.05),但MSCs组伤后6 h和24 h肺损伤评分(分)明显低于致伤组(6 h:6.1±0.9比8.2±0.9,24 h:4.6±0.9比10.4±0.8,均P＜0.01).结论 MSCs移植能明显减轻烟雾吸入性损伤兔肺组织损伤,改善肺损伤评分.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)engraftment on lung tissue at early stage of smoke inhalation injury in rabbits. Methods MSCs were proliferated by the method of whole marrow culture and identified by flow cytometry. Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into smoke inhalation group (S group) and MSCs group (M group) after reproduction of rabbit smoke inhalation injury model. 10 ml of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) containing 1 × 107/ml MSCs was intravenously injected in M group, meanwhile 10 ml PBS was injected intravenously in S group. Eight rabbits were sacrificed at 2, 6 and 24 hours after intervention, and the lung tissue was harvested for morphological and pathological observation, and lung injury score was used to evaluate smoke inhalation injury.Results Cultured cells were confirmed to be MSCs with flow cytometry. Lung injury in rabbits of M group was less serious in morphology and histopathology than that in S group. Though there was no significance in lung injury score between M group and S group at 2 hours after injury (4.0±0.7 vs. 4.5±0.6, P＞0.05),the lung injury scores in M group at 6 hours and 24 hours after injury were significantly lower than those in S group (6 hours: 6.1±0.9 vs. 8.2±0.9, 24 hours: 4. 6±0.9 vs. 10.4±0. 8, both P＜0. 01). Conclusion Intravenous engraftment of MSCs could ameliorate lung injury induced by smoke inhalation, and improve lung injury score significantly.     

骨髓间充质干细胞在烟雾吸入性损伤家兔体内向功能细胞分化的观察

Objective To observe the homing and differentiation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) transplanted intravenously in smoke inhalation injured rabbits. Methods Thirty-two New Zealand big ear rabbits were divided into normal control group ( NC ), inhalation injury group ( Ⅱ),normal control + MSC treatment group (NM) , and MSC treatment group (MT) according to the random number table, with 8 rabbits in each group. Rabbits in NC group were injected with 10 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) via ear marginal vein. Rabbits in NM group were injected with 10 mL PBS containing the third generation MSC labeled by BrdU ( 1 × 107 per 10 mL PBS) via ear marginal vein. Severe smoke inhalation injury model was reproduced in the other two groups, among them rabbits in Ⅱ group were treated as rabbits in NC group, rabbits in MT group treated as rabbits in NM group. On the 7th and 28th day post treatment (PTD), lung tissue and trachea tissue were harvested from four groups for observation on injury with HE staining. Homing of MSC in injured tissue was observed with immunohistochemistry staining. The differentiation of MSC into functional cells was observed with immunohistochemical double staining of combining nuclear marker BrdU with lung (trachea) membrane-specific marker aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) , alkaline phosphatase (AKP), CD34, and cytokeratin respectively. Results (1) MSC homing in lung and trachea tissue was observed in MT group on PTD 7, which was not observed in NM group. (2) AQP-5, AKP, and CD34 positive MSC were observed in lung tissue in MT group on PTD 28, while cytokeratin positive MSC was not observed in trachea tissue. No positively marked MSC was observed in NM group. (3) Injury in lung and trachea was less severe in MT group than in Ⅱ group; and the proliferation of fibroblasts was less in MT group. Conclusions Intravenous injection of MSC to rabbits with smoke inhalation injury can migrate to lung and trachea tissue at obviously inflammatory site, and differentiate into alveolar epithelial cells type Ⅰ and Ⅱ , and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, which may participate in the process of tissue repair in smoke inhalation injury.     

术中细胞印片与冷冻切片诊断

术中病理诊断的方法包括冷冻切片、快速石蜡切片和术中细胞学诊断,其中以冷冻切片应用较为广泛,而细胞印片法检查也因其简便、快速广为应用。我们采用细胞印片与冷冻切片对照进行快速病理诊断,探讨印片法的可靠程度、适用范围及临床意义。1　材料与方法1.1　标本　标本均来源于本院住院病人,经石蜡切片确诊且细胞印片和冷冻切片资料完整的病例共230例。1.2　制片　将新鲜未固定的标本用锐刀作多个切面,在病变部位用载玻片上轻轻印数下,每次印片2张。再切取小块组织作冷冻切片1张。印片与切片均用苏木精-伊红染色。1.3　镜检　印片与冷冻切片…