HPV DNA自体采样检测用于宫颈癌的初筛

美国《J Natl Cancer Inst》近期发表并推荐阅读的中国学者赵方辉等的研究显示,HPV DNA自体采样检测可作为目前资源欠发达地区宫颈癌初筛的手段或补充。该研究对1999-2007年间5项基于中国人群的宫颈癌筛查大样本研究进行了汇总分析,共13140名17～56岁女性接受了HPV DNA自体采样、医师采样检测以及液基细胞学(liquidbased cytology test,LBC)和醋酸染色肉眼观察法     

武汉初中生家长对接种HPV疫苗接受度调查

目的了解武汉市初中生家长对孩子接种HPV疫苗的接受度,为在中国进行HPV疫苗接种提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样方法抽取某初中一、二年级学生家长进行问卷调查。结果341名调查对象中,36．66％的人愿意孩子接种HPV疫苗。多元Logistic回归结果显示,家长的性别、HPV知晓情况和疫苗价格是影响家长对HPV疫苗接受度的主要因素。结论初中生家长对孩子接种HPV疫苗的接受度不高,积极开展HPV及HPV疫苗的认知教育对今后HPV疫苗的预防接种有潜在意义。     

强化技术监督作用 提高科学监管水平

当前,树立和实践科学监管理念,走科学监管之路,正在成为全系统的共识。要将科学监管理念贯彻落实到食品药品监管各项工作中去,就必须完善技术支撑体系建设,创新监管方式,强化监检结合,提升监管效能,不断提高保障公众饮食用药安全的水平和能力,下决心攻坚破难,扭转局面。采取先进的监管手段是加强技术监督的基础。“工欲善其事,必先利其器”。随着市场经济的不断发展,食品药品监管工作的形势已经发生了深刻的变化。我们监管的手段也必须不断更新,迅速实现现代化、和科技化。一是各级食品药品监管部门要在积极争取国家和地方政府支持的基础上,…     

脚气病误诊2年1例

１患者,男性,４２岁,因四肢远端麻木,无力２年余,不能行走２周,于１９９７年２月１７日入院。自述２年前出现四肢远端对称性麻木疼痛,双下肢肌肉酸痛,有虫走样感,蹲踞困难,双手不能持久端碗,随后渐出现心悸。双下肢水肿,记忆力减退,曾在院外多次治疗,诊断为...     

以糖尿病酮症酸中毒就诊的肢端肥大症1例

１　患者,男,４０岁,农民。主因多饮、多尿、消瘦３月,加重伴呕吐、意识恍惚６小时,于１９９９年３月２７日入院。入院查：Ｔ３６．５℃,Ｐ８２次／分,Ｒ１６／分,ＢＰ１７．３／１３．３ｋＰａ（１３０／１００ｍｍＨｇ）,神志恍惚,呼吸深大,有烂苹果味,言语低沉、缓慢,皮肤粗糙,皮褶厚,眉弓外突,双眼睑肥厚,双眼视力减退,视野无明显缩小,眼球活动自如,光反应正常,巨鼻大耳,厚唇肥舌,下颌突出。颈软,无抵抗;喉结突出,胸骨突出,桶状胸,双肺呼吸音清,未闻及干湿性罗音;心界向左扩大,心尖位于左锁骨中线外２ｃ…     

性激素与胃癌发病风险的研究进展

摘 要：胃癌在发病率上存在明显的性别差异，男性高于女性。既往研究指出，这一差异不能完全归因于吸烟、饮酒、幽门螺杆菌感染等已知危险因素，性激素也可能是导致这一差异的重要原因。本文从基础学与流行病学研究等角度，综述了内源性雌激素、雄激素、环境激素与胃癌发病风险关系的相关研究，以期为胃癌的发病机制探索和危险因素防控提供科学依据。     

在临床药师查房记录统计分析中Excel的初步应用探讨

应用Excel进行检查表格的设计、统计归类、结果比较。可提高工作效率及统计准确性,记录表整洁清晰,图表比较更直观,为临床药学管理总结提供了科学、快捷、准确的信息。     

224例纤支镜刷检物的显微镜检查结果分析

肺癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,是一种严重威胁人类健康和生命的疾病,肺癌的治疗效果取决于早期发现和早期治疗.影像学是发现肺癌征象的常用而有价值的方法,细胞学和病理学检查是肺癌确诊的必要手段.纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)对于明确肿瘤的存在和获取组织供组织学诊断均具有重要意义.对于中央型肺癌的检出率90-93％[1].本文分析了224例纤支镜刷检物涂片中常见恶性肿瘤的形态学特征和大家一起交流.     

中国人群癌症归因风险研究

6月11日《肿瘤学年鉴》(Annals of Oncology),在线发表了中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所流行病室乔友林教授带领的研究团队所做的中国癌症负担的系统评估分析。此研究用目前可能获得的最佳证据,首次综合评价了主要环境和行为危险因素对癌症发病和死亡的归因风险,对我国常见癌症相关危险因素的人群归因百分比进行了分析。     

高危型人乳头瘤病毒载量与子宫颈病变的关系

Objective To determine the association between viral load of high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods Cervical exfoliated cells were collected from 18 186 women aged 17 -59 from six urban areas and eight rural areas when they were screened in the cross-sectional population-based studies from 1999 to 2008. HR-HPV was detected by the Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) system, and viral load was measured by the ratio of relative light units to standard positive control (RLU/PC). RLU/PC was categorized for analysis into four groups: negative [0, 1.00),low viral load [1.0, 10.00), moderate viral load [10.00, 100.00), and high viral load 100. 00. Cervical lesions were diagnosed by biopsies as normal, CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and squamous cervical cancer (SCC). Association between HR-HPV viral load and CIN was evaluated by unconditional multinomial logistic regression. Results The HR-HPV infection rate of the population was 14. 51% (2515/17 334). 100. 00% (29/29) of SCC,97. 63% (206/211) of CIN 3,93.43% (199/213) of CIN 2,75.04% (421/ 561) of CIN 1 and 10. 17% (1660/16 320) of normal women were positive for HR-HPV DNA. The median RLUs for the HR-HPV positive women with SCC,CIN 3,CIN 2,CIN I and normal were 320. 85,158. 05, 143. 70,125.34 and 9. 64, respectively. There were significant differences among the distributions of viral loads in each lesion (X2=6190. 40,P<0. 01). The severity of CIN increased with the viral load (X2=5493. 35 ,P<0. 01). Compared with the risks of CINs in HR-HPV negative population,the risks of CINs in low,moderate and high viral loads were increased gradually [OR(95% CI) : CIN 1 : 9. 01 (6. 31 -12. 87), 24.96(18.23 -34. 17) and 68.42(51.40 -91.08); CIN 2:26.44(12.07 -57.95),98. 53 (49. 54 -195.98) and 322. 88(168.62 -618. 27) ; CIN 3 + : 72. 89(24.02 -221.18) ; 343. 58(121.81 -969.09) Was 3115.05,2413.95 and 3098.57, respectively. P<0.01) . In each age group of the HR-HPV positive population,the risks of CIN 2 + in the women with moderate or high viral load were higher than the one with low viral load [OR(95%CI):<35: 4. 71(1.23-18.09) and 15.06(4.40-51.49); 35-: 4.01 (1.62-9.90) and 14.09(6. 15 -32.28); 40-: 3.06(1.52 -6. 16) and 7.78(4.05 -14.95); ≥45: 3. 50(1.36 -9. 01) and 7. 57 (3. 13 -18. 30)], and there was a positive correlation between the risk of CIN 2 + and the viral load (Xtrend2was 51. 33,66. 28,53. 64 and 51.00,respectively. P<0. 01). The risk of CIN 2 + was highest among the women aged 40 -with high viral load [0R(95% CI):2.02 (1.15 -3. 52)]. Conclusion There is strong correlation between the HR-HPV viral load and the severity of CIN, and so is the correlation between the HR-HPV viral load and the risk of CIN 2 +. A moderate to high viral load of HR-HPV should be the major risk factor for the cervical cancer and CIN 2 and CIN 3,and there is a higher risk in the women aged 35 or older than the younger ones. Considering both the age and viral load could help the doctors to manage the screening women more effectively.