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1.
Two lignite samples, Beulah No. 3 and Big Brown No. 1, were liquefied at 420 °C using H2 and synthesis gas to determine the optimum beneficial amount of H2S in the batch autoclave reactor. Under the conditions employed, 50–100 psi partial pressure of H2S, nominally 4–10 wt% of daf lignite, was optimum for both samples. Synthesis gas outperformed H2 with and without H2S for the liquefaction of the two coals. 相似文献
2.
Summary The polymerization of 1-hexyne, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyne, 2-hexyne and 1-chloro-1-hexyne by using metal halide based initiators was studied. By analogy with ionic ring opening polymerization systems, living acetylene polymerizations resulted when backbiting and interchain reactions were suppressed, i.e., ktr, kt=0. Large acetylenic substituents suppress the formation of cis-cisoidal propagating chains and subsequently eliminate backbiting reactions and also propagating carbene interchain reactions. Possible explanations for differences in polymer dispersities which result under different reaction conditions were also provided. 相似文献
3.
Braver Sanford L.; Wolchik Sharlene A.; Sandler Irwin N.; Sheets Virgil L.; Fogas Bruce; Bay R. Curtis 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,7(1):9
Reports the results of a 3-wave longitudinal study of a sizable, regionally representative sample of both noncustodial and custodial parents interviewed initially before their divorce was final. A model was tested that predicted the noncustodial parent's postdivorce contact with the child and the payment of child support from a series of factors related to a social exchange orientation. This orientation highlights the noncustodial parent's implicit calculation of the rewards vs the costs of continuing involvement and support of the child. It was found that noninvolvement was, in general, well-predicted, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, by the model. The most powerful factor in the model was the noncustodial parent's perception that he or she had some control over the child's upbringing. Among fully employed noncustodial parents who reported high perceived control, there was an excellent record of involvement and child support payment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
4.
5.
This paper describes the synthesis and cation-radical polymerization of 1,5-bis(1-naphthoxy)-3-oxapentane. This monomer contains a flexible diethylene oxide unit between two 1-naphthalene rings. The FT-IR analysis of the resulted polymer indicates that it contains 1,4-disubstituted naphthalene structural units, i.e. 4,4-disubstituted-1,1-binaphthalene units. The polymer is crystalline with a melting point of 236 °C.Part IX: V. Percec and J. H. Wang: J. Mater. Chem., in press 相似文献
6.
Summary Free radical copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN, M1) with poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)--vinylbenzyl ether (PPO-VBE, M2,
n + 4200g/mol,
w/
n + 1.04) was performed at 60°C in either a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide/toluene or tetrahydrofuran, using 2,2-azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The characterization of the resulting polyacrylonitrile grafted with poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PAN-g-PPO) was performed by 200 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy and solubility. 相似文献
7.
Dario VenegoniPhilippe Serp Roselyne FeurerYolande Kihn Constantin VahlasPhilippe Kalck 《Carbon》2002,40(10):1799-1807
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been produced from H2-C2H4 mixtures on Fe-SiO2 catalysts by a fluidized bed catalytic chemical vapor deposition process. Various parameters such as the catalyst preparation, the residence time, the run duration, the temperature, the H2:C2H4 ratio, the amount of metal deposited on the support have been examined. The influence of these parameters on the deposited carbon yield is reported, together with observations of the produced material. This process allows an homogeneously distributed deposition of nanotubes (10-20 nm diameter), that remain anchored to the support. 相似文献
8.
Silvana?Martini Constantin?Bertoli Maria?Lidia?Herrera Ian?Neeson Alejandro?MarangoniEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(5):305-312
An ultrasonic technique was developed to study the crystallization process of edible fats on-line. A chirp wave was used instead
of the conventional pulser signal, thus achieving a higher signal-to-noise ratio. This enabled measurements to be made in
concentrated systems [≈20% solid fat content (SFC)] through a 8.11-cm thick sample without significant signal loss. Fat samples
were crystallized at 20, 25, and 30°C at a constant agitation rate of 400 rpm for 90 min. The crystallization process was
followed by ultrasonic spectroscopy and a low-resolution pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. Specific relationships
were found between ultrasonic parameters [integrated response, time of flight (TF), and full width half maximum] and SFC.
TF, which is an indirect measurement of the ultrasonic velocity (v), was highly correlated to SFC (r
2>0.9) in a linear fashion (v=2.601 SFC+1433.0). 相似文献
9.
Constantin Florin Caruntu 《国际通用系统杂志》2015,44(2):182-197
State feedback control is very attractive due to the precise computation of the gain matrix, but the implementation of a state feedback controller is possible only when all state variables are directly measurable. This condition is almost impossible to accomplish due to the excess number of required sensors or unavailability of states for measurement in most of the practical situations. Hence, the need for an estimator or observer is obvious to estimate all the state variables by observing the input and the output of the controlled system. As such, the goal of this paper is to provide a control design methodology based on a Luenberger observer design that can assure the closed-loop performances of a vehicle drivetrain with backlash, while compensating the network-enhanced time-varying delays. This goal is achieved in a sequential manner: firstly, a piecewise linear model of two inertias drivetrain, which takes into consideration the backlash nonlinearity and the network-enhanced time-varying delay effects is derived; then, a Luenberger observer which estimates the state variables is synthesized and the robust full state-feedback predictive controller based on flexible control Lyapunov functions is designed to explicitly take into account the bounds of the disturbances caused by time-varying delays and to guarantee also the input-to-state stability of the system in a non-conservative way. The full state-feedback predictive control strategy based on the Luenberger observer design was experimentally tested on a vehicle drivetrain emulator controlled through controller area network, with the aim of minimizing the backlash effects while compensating the network-enhanced delays. 相似文献
10.
James E. Corter Sven K. Esche Constantin Chassapis Jing Ma Jeffrey V. Nickerson 《Computers & Education》2011
A large-scale, multi-year, randomized study compared learning activities and outcomes for hands-on, remotely-operated, and simulation-based educational laboratories in an undergraduate engineering course. Students (N = 458) worked in small-group lab teams to perform two experiments involving stress on a cantilever beam. Each team conducted the experiments in one of three lab formats (hands-on, remotely-operated, or simulation-based), collecting data either individually or as a team. Lab format and data-collection mode showed an interaction, such that for the hands-on lab format learning outcomes were higher when the lab team collected data sets working as a group rather than individually collecting data sets to be combined later, while for remotely-operated labs individual data collection was best. The pattern of time spent on various lab-related activities suggests that working with real instead of simulated data may induce higher levels of motivation. The results also suggest that learning with computer-mediated technologies can be improved by careful design and coordination of group and individual activities. 相似文献