A Comprehensive Analysis of Macrosegregation Formation During Twin-Roll Casting

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - A two-phase Eulerian–Eulerian volume-averaged model is used to predict the formation of macrosegregation during the twin-roll casting of...     

A three-phase model for mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification

A three-phase model for mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification is presented in this article. The three phases are the parent melt as the primary phase, as well as the solidifying columnar dendrites and globular equiaxed grains as two different secondary phases. With an Eulerian approach, the three phases are considered as spatially coupled and interpenetrating continua. The conservation equations of mass, momentum, species, and enthalpy are solved for all three phases. An additional conservation equation for the number density of the equiaxed grains is defined and solved. Nucleation of the equiaxed grains, diffusion-controlled growth of both columnar and equiaxed phases, interphase exchanges, and interactions such as mass transfer during solidification, drag force, solute partitioning at the liquid/solid interface, and release of latent heat are taken into account. Binary steel ingots (Fe-0.34 wt pct C) with two-dimensional (2-D) axis symmetrical and three-dimensional (3-D) geometries as a benchmark were simulated. It is demonstrated that the model can be used to simulate the mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification, including melt convection and grain sedimentation, macrosegregation, columnar-to-equiaxed-transition (CET), and macrostructure distribution. The model was evaluated by comparing it to classical analytical models based on limited one-dimensional (1-D) cases. Satisfactory results were obtained. It is also shown that in order to apply this model for industrial castings, further improvements are still necessary concerning some details.     

ZA22／Al2O3（F）复合材料室温拉伸强度的模拟研究

采用挤压法制备ＺＡ２２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（Ｆ）复合材料，分别采用强度混合准则和神经网络模型研究了含Ｃｅ与不含Ｃｅ的ＺＡ２２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（Ｆ）室温拉伸强度随短纤维体积分数Ｖｆ的变化情况，结果表明：强度混合准则能有效地预测复合材料的两个重要体积分数即最小体积分数Ｖｍｉｎ和临界体积分数Ｖｃｒｉｔ；而神经网络不仅能较准确地预测Ｖｍｉｎ和Ｖｃｒｉｔ，并且能够较好地描述复合材料强度随Ｖｆ的变化规律。     

Modeling of the Twin-Roll Casting Process: Transition from Casting to Rolling

During twin-roll casting, an alloy melt is passing the gap between two counter-rotating rolls, where cooling and solidification leads to the continuous formation of a solid strand. In order to describe this process, a two-phase Eulerian–Eulerian volume-averaging model is presented that accounts for (1) transport and growth of spherical grains within a flowing melt, (2) the formation of a coherent solid network above a specific solid fraction and (3) the viscoplastic flow of the solid network with the interstitial melt during casting and compression. For the considered case of an inoculated Al–4wt%Cu alloy, the process conditions are chosen such that two relatively thick viscoplastic semi-solid shells meet between the rolls, and thus, the material is pressed together and squeezed against the casting direction. The squeezed out material consists of segregated melt and some solid that quickly disappears after melting. It is observed during this study that macrosegregation distributions are inherently connected to the mush deformation that is enforced during the hot rolling process.     

Numerical microstructure prediction for an aluminium casting and its experimental validation

Virtual manufacturing based on through-process modelling becomes an evolving research area which aims at integrating diverse simulation tools to realize computer-aided design, analysis, prototyping and manufacturing. Numerical prediction of the as-cast microstructure is an initial and critical step in the whole through-process modelling chain for engineering components. A commercial software package with the capability of calculating important microstructure features for aluminium alloys is used to simulate a G-AlSi7MgCu0.5 laboratory casting. The simulated microstructure, namely grain size, secondary dendrite arm spacing and diverse phase fractions are verified experimentally. Correspondence and discrepancies are reported and discussed.     

Influence of convection and grain movement on globular equiaxed solidification

A two-phase volume averaging model was used to study convection and grain movement, and their influence on the globular equiaxed solidification. Both liquid and solid phases were treated as separate interpenetrating continua. The mass, momentum, species and enthalpy conservation equations for each phase and a grain transport equation were coupled. An ingot casting (Al-4 wt.% Cu) with near globular solidification morphology was simulated. Case studies with different modeling assumptions such as with and without grain movement, and with slip and non-slip boundary conditions for solid phase were presented and compared. Understanding of grain evolution and macrosegregation formation in globular equiaxed solidification was improved.     

冷贮备系统可靠性指标的多层Bayes估计

本文利用Ｂａｅｙｅｓ及多层Ｂａｙｅｓ方法对冷贮备系统的可靠性指标失效率,可靠度及平均寿命等进行了分析,最后。运用随机模扬方法,对所得到的结果进行了分析比较。     

QuEChERS-GC-MS/MS法同时测定刺梨中15种有机氯农药残留

建立刺梨中15种有机氯农药残留的气相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱（GC-MS/MS）检测法。刺梨样品采用QuEChERS前处理,正己烷溶液进行提取,经乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）和C18各50 mg固相分散净化,浓缩定容后用GC-MS/MS法在多反应监测（MRM）模式下进行测定,通过保留时间、特征离子及其相对丰度定性,外标法定量。15种有机氯农药在0.05～1.00 μg/mL质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数R2均＞0.997。分别向刺梨样品中分别加入标准品25 μg/kg、50 μg/kg、100 μg/kg时,加标平均回收率在81.98%～105.55%之间,相对标准偏差（n=6）均＜10%,检出限（S/N=3）在0.001 2～0.021 2 mg/kg。该方法具有经济、快速、灵敏度高、重现性好等优势,适用于食品中多种农药残留的同时快速测定。