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1.
JW Innis JH Asher Y Liang A Wang CM Wilke HA Dierick K Kazen-Gillespie S Sheldon TW Glover TB Friedman 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,71(3):292-297
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant, generalized skeletal dysplasia in humans that has been mapped to the short arm of chromosome 6. We report linkage of a CCD mutation to 6p21 in a large family and exclude the bone morphogenetic protein 6 gene (BMP6) as a candidate for the disease by cytogenetic localization and genetic recombination. CCD was linked with a maximal two-point LOD score of 7.22 with marker D6S452 at theta = 0. One relative with a recombination between D6S451 and D6S459 and another individual with a recombination between D6S465 and CCD places the mutation within a 7 cM region between D6S451 and D6S465 at 6p21. A phage P1 genomic clone spanning most of the BMP6 gene hybridized to chromosome 6 in band region p23-p24 using FISH analysis, placing this gene cytogenetically more distal than the region of linkage for CCD. We derived a new polymorphic marker from this same P1 clone and found recombinations between the marker and CCD in this family. The results confirm the map position of CCD on 6p21, further refine the CCD genetic interval by identifying a recombination between D6S451 and D6S459, and exclude BMP6 as a candidate gene. 相似文献
2.
The year 1992 marks the centennial of the founding of the American Psychological Association (APA). Through the years, psychologists who were interested in animal behavior processes have actively participated in this organization, and many have been elected president of APA. This article considers some aspects of theory and research in animal psychology during this 100-yr period by examining a selected set of APA presidential addresses. Attention is given to the presidents' evaluations of the state of animal psychology at the time of their presidency and their assessments of its future. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
3.
Docosahexaenoic acid (22∶6n−3) can be synthesized in the liver and/or brain from α-linolenic acid (18∶3n−3) and is required
in large amounts in structural membranes of developing brain and retina. The adequacy and efficacy of formulas containing
18∶3n−3 and/or fish oil in providing 22∶6n−3 for deposition was investigated in piglets fed formula from birth to 15 days.
The test formulas contained high (HL) or low (LL) 18∶3n−3 (3.9 or 0.7% of the total formula fatty acids, respectively), or
low 18∶3n−3 plus fish oil (LL+FO) to provide C20 and C22 n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.8% of total fatty acids). Fatty acid analyses of synaptic plasma membrane and retina ethanolamine
phospholipids (EPL), which are especially enriched in 22∶6n−3, were compared to those of 15-day-old piglets fed sow milk (SM).
Feeding LL resulted in lower 22∶6n−3 in synaptic plasma membrane. Fatty acid levels in HL and LL+FO piglets were equivalent
to SM, with the exception of lower 22∶5n−3 in the synaptic plasma membrane of LL+FO and in the retina of HL and LL+FO-fed
piglets. Levels of 22∶4n−6 were also lower in the retina of the LL+FO group. The results suggest formula 18∶3n−3 is at least
24% as effective as C20 and C22 n−3 fatty acids as a source of membrane 22∶6n−3. This study shows dietary 18∶3n−3, as the only n−3 fatty acid, can support
deposition of comparable percentage of 22∶6n−3 to natural milk. Fish oil also supported tissue levels of 22∶6n−3 similar to
natural milk; however, lower 22∶4n−6 may indicate possible inhibitory effects on n−6 metabolism.
Recipient of the 1967 Science and Engineering Scholarship, Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada. 相似文献
4.
RT Malison LH Price R Berman CH van Dyck GH Pelton L Carpenter G Sanacora MJ Owens CB Nemeroff N Rajeevan RM Baldwin JP Seibyl RB Innis DS Charney 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,44(11):1090-1098
BACKGROUND: Prior research has suggested reductions in the density of serotonin transporter (SERT) binding sites in blood platelets and post-mortem brain tissue of depressed patients. We sought to determine whether patients with unipolar major depression have diminished SERT availability as assessed by both brainstem [123I] beta-CIT SPECT and platelet [3H]paroxetine binding. METHODS: Drug-free depressed and healthy subjects were injected with 211 +/- 22 MBq [123I] beta-CIT and imaged 24 +/- 2 h later under equilibrium conditions. A ratio of specific to nonspecific brain uptake (V3" = (brainstem-occipital)/occipital), a measure proportional to the binding potential (Bmax/Kd), was used for all comparisons. RESULTS: Results showed a statistically significant reduction in brainstem V3" values in depressed as compared to healthy subjects (3.1 +/- .9 vs. 3.8 +/- .8, p = .02). Platelet [3H]paroxetine binding was not altered (Bmax = 2389 +/- 484 vs. 2415 +/- 538 fmol/mg protein, p = .91) and was not significantly correlated with brainstem [123I] beta-CIT binding (r = -0.14, p = .48). CONCLUSIONS: These data are the first to suggest reductions in the density of brain SERT binding sites in living depressed patients. These findings provide further support for a preeminent role for alterations in serotonergic neurons in the pathophysiology of depression. 相似文献
5.
Inherently conducting polymers (ICPs) have been an area of intense interest over the past 30 years, culminating with the award of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to MacDiarmid, Heeger and Shirakawa. More recently the unique properties of these materials (e.g., higher conductivity, more rapid discrete electrochemical switching processes) apparent at the nanodimension have become accessible. Significant breakthroughs in synthesis and fabrication of inherently conducting polymers with nanodimensional control have made this possible. This review aims to discuss some of the synthetic approaches researchers have made in an attempt to probe the nano domain as well as some of the property enhancements afforded to these structures. 相似文献
6.
RD Howard RS Martens SA Innis JM Drnevich J Hale 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,55(5):1151-1163
A sexual size dimorphism usually occurs when size-dependent reproductive advantages exist in only one sex. Studies on Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes, have demonstrated reproductive size advantages in females but not in males, even though males and females are similar in body size. We conducted mate-choice and mate-copying tests in which a female could first associate with, then mate with, either a large (>/=1 sd+X standard length) or a small male (=1 sd-X standard length). Large males obtained a mating advantage in both tests, and both mate choice and mate competition influenced their mating success. In the majority of trials, females associated with large males. Association preferences of females corresponded to their mating preferences when mate competition between males was weak; however, when mate competition was strong, large males obtained almost every mating regardless of female association preference. Preference for large males may provide females with a reproductive advantage if males mate multiply because small males become sperm-depleted sooner than large males. We found no indication that females copied the mating decisions of other females. Repeatability of female mating preference was low, not because females mated at random with respect to male size, but because most females consistently preferred large males. We also conducted mating tests at four density levels and found that large males maintained their mating advantage relative to small males at all densities. Thus, male and female medaka may be similar in body size because large size provides a fecundity advantage for females, as demonstrated in previous studies, and large size provides a mating advantage for males, as demonstrated in our study. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. 相似文献
7.
in het Panhuis M Kane-Maguire LA Moulton SE Innis PC Wallace GG 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2004,4(8):976-981
The interaction of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) with an aqueous solution of the fully sulfonated polyaniline poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) (PMAS) and (+)-1-phenylethylamine (PhEA) has been investigated using spectroscopic methods. UV-vis spectral measurements show that the PMAS backbone undergoes conformational changes upon interaction with both SWNT and PhEA. Partial intercalation of PMAS into SWNTbundles was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. 相似文献
8.
Lipids - The effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with lipid emulsions containing ca. 48% 18∶2ω6 plus 8% 18∶3ω3 (Intralipid®) or 76% 18∶2ω6 plus 0.5%... 相似文献
9.
David A. X. Nayagam Richard A. Williams Jun Chen Kylie A. Magee Jennifer Irwin Justin Tan Peter Innis Ronald T. Leung Sue Finch Chris E. Williams Graeme M. Clark Gordon G. Wallace 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2011,7(8):981-981
In vivo host responses to an electrode‐like array of aligned carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) embedded within a biopolymer sheet are reported. This biocompatibility study assesses the suitability of immobilized carbon nanotubes for bionic devices. Inflammatory responses and foreign‐body histiocytic reactions are not substantially elevated when compared to negative controls following 12 weeks implantation. A fibrous capsule isolates the implanted ACNTs from the surrounding muscle tissue. Filamentous nanotube fragments are engulfed by macrophages, and globular debris is incorporated into the fibrous capsule with no further reaction. Scattered leukocytes are observed, adherent to the ACNT surface. These data indicate that there is a minimal local foreign‐body response to immobilized ACNTs, that detached fragments are phagocytosed into an inert material, and that ACNTs do not attract high levels of surface fouling. Collectively, these results suggest that immobilized nanotube structures should be considered for further investigation as bionic components. 相似文献