Deployment status and common technical specifications for a B-PONsystem

Broadband passive optical networks (B-PONs) have entered the commercial deployment phase in North America, Japan, and Europe. Nippon Telegraph and Telephone, BellSouth, France Telecom, British Telecommunications p.l.c., and SBC have developed a set of common technical specifications (CTS) for a B-PON system based on ITU-T Recommendations G.983.1, G.983.2 and G.983.3. They have deployed or plan to deploy B-PON systems based on this CTS. This article describes B-PON interface features, the outline of the CTS, and the deployment status of the B-PON systems around the world     

Systemic treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows with penethamate hydriodide

A randomized controlled field trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of a 3-d treatment regimen with i.m. penethamate hydriodide compared with no treatment in lactating cows with subclinical mastitis. To be included, a cow had to have 2 somatic cell counts (SCC) 300,000 cells/mL at the last 3 monthly controls, 1 or more quarters with SCC >250,000 cells/mL, and the same bacterial species isolated in 2 consecutive samples 2 to 4 d apart. A total of 151 quarters from 92 cows were monitored for 2 mo following treatment. Quarter milk samples were examined for bacteriological cure (BC) and SCC at 14, 28, and 60 d after treatment. Bacteriological cure was defined as not having the same bacterial species isolated from the quarter milk samples taken at 14 and 28 d posttreatment as in the samples taken before treatment. Systemic treatment with penethamate resulted in BC in 59.5% of quarters and 52.2% of cows, compared with 16.7 and 10.9% in the untreated cows. Somatic cell count decreased significantly in the penethamate-treated cows, steadily in the case of BC and transiently when the infections persisted. This study confirms that systemic treatment of subclinical mastitis with penethamate is effective and that BC of infected quarters has a sustained positive effect on milk SCC during the 2 mo following treatment.     

Psychobiological substrates of the Type A behavior pattern.

Argues that Type A (coronary prone) behavior may reflect excessive sympathetic responsiveness to environmental stressors rather than just person–situation interactions, and that an underlying biological or psychobiological factor might affect the expression of Type A behavior. Data consistent with a psychobiological view are provided by studies of (1) patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery and (2) the effects of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs in decreasing Type A behavior. A somatopsychic model of Type A behavior is formulated that considers the role of sympathetic nervous system responses and the processing of information about these responses in contributing to emotional behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Associations of blood pressure with self-report measures of anger and hostility among Black and White men and women.

135 Black and White male and female normotensives and unmedicated mild to moderate hypertensives (aged 25–44 yrs) completed 4 reliable self-report scales. Ss also took part in 3 laboratory tasks that elicited cardiovascular reactivity. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) readings at home and at work were also obtained from most Ss. Black and White Ss differed in their self-reports of anger/hostility and in their cardiovascular reactivity to behavioral tasks. In contrast, the relationships between self-reports of anger/hostility and cardiovascular activity at rest, during laboratory tasks, and at work varied as a function of race–sex combinations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)