Enrichment of REEs in polymetaUic nodules and crusts and its potential for exploitation

Polymetallic nodules and crusts are two of the most important mineral deposits in the ocean.They are rich in rare earth elements (REEs),iron,manganese,copper,cobalt,nickel,and other useful metals.This paper discussed the analysis of 25 nodule and crust samples collected from the South China Sea,the Pacific,Atlantic,and Indian Oceans.The samples were analyzed for REE content by ICP-MS/AES. The average REE concentration was found to be 1096.96×10-6 in the nodules and 1623.88×10-6 in the crusts.Both of these values are much higher than those recorded in Earth’s dry-land crust and sedimentary rocks.This REE enrichment is mainly controlled by the absorption of ferromanganese oxides and clay minerals in the nodules and crusts and the high levels of REEs in seawater and sediments.High cerium enrichment in the nodules and crusts may lead to more effective exploitation of REEs in the future.     

隐伏向斜扬起端构造控水规律分析——以开滦东欢坨矿为例

针对基岩裂隙含水层复杂、不均匀富水规律,以开滦东欢坨矿北二采区8煤层顶板含水层为例,综合分析了隐伏向斜中基岩裂隙含水层地下水富集的构造控制因素。得出向斜构造仰起端控制上覆水源含水层厚度、过水断面面积及风化带渗透性,影响基岩裂隙水补给;褶皱和断层的伴生裂隙与层面裂隙构成导、储水裂隙网络,断层发育密度、断层走向与地下水径流方向的关系对含水层局部富水性差异具有重要影响。     

川南平川铁矿矿石组构特征及地质意义

平川铁矿产于川南金河-箐河断裂带中,攀西地区西部边界处,矿床类型属于陆相次火山岩热液矿床。平川铁矿主要包括矿山梁子矿段、道坪子矿段和苦荞地矿段,其出露条件较好且储量都比较可观,可作为陆相次火山岩型矿床研究的典型。本文以平川铁矿矿床形成的地质条件为基础,以成因矿物学为指导,从矿物学角度对不同阶段磁铁矿矿石组构进行系统研究,深化了对陆相次火山岩型矿床成矿规律的认识,为该区寻矿找矿提供了理论基础。     

开滦唐山矿水化学特征及涌水水源判别

开滦唐山矿9水平在其上覆个体煤矿闭坑后发生涌水,为分析涌水水源,在综合分析唐山矿水文地质条件的基础上,根据水常规测试资料,应用聚类分析、逐步判别分析、人工神经网络分析等非线性方法对涌水水源进行了快速判别;运用Piper三线图总结了各含水层的水化学特征和类型,确定出主要涌水水源;根据各含水层18O、D、3H的值,进一步分析了井下涌水与地表水体的连通性。研究表明,9水平涌水的主要补给源为冲积层水及奥陶系灰岩水,地表水局部下渗。