相变储能材料研究进展

综述了固-固相变储能材料（s-S PCMs：sofid-solid phase change materials）、固-液相变储能材料（s-1 PCMs：solid—liquid phase change materials）的主要优缺点，并主要介绍了以下2种封装方式：（1）PCMs与基体材料复合制成定型PCMs，包括：与有机高分子材料机械共混、用无机多孔材料封装；（2）PCMs微囊化。此外，还分析了PCMs的主要应用领域及PCMs的主要研究方向。     

离子束辅助沉积技术在腐蚀与防护中的应用

离子束辅助沉积技术是近年来发展很快的一种表面技术，集气相沉积和离子注入优点于一体，为改善２薄膜     

金属蜂窝负载Pd催化甲烷部分氧化制合成气

采用浸渍法制备负载金属Pd(其中金属Pd含量0.6g/L)活性组分的金属蜂窝载体催化剂,应用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气。实验表明,焙烧温度为950℃的催化剂较600℃的催化剂甲烷转化率、CO和H2的选择性更高,焙烧温度为950℃的催化剂在反应温度800℃,GHSV=1×105ml/g·h条件下,甲烷转化率为91%,CO和H2的选择性分别达到90%和89%。用SEM与XPS对催化剂进行表征,结果表明,950℃焙烧催化剂并没有出现明显的烧结现象,且可能由于更多零价Pd的出现,使得该催化剂的性能更好。由于金属蜂窝载体优良的导热性,对950℃焙烧温度制备的金属蜂窝催化剂,催化剂床层的飞温点温度小于880℃,可以解决其它类型催化剂在甲烷部分氧化反应中出现的飞温问题,具有一定的工业化意义。     

绿色奥运--引领21世纪新材料产业

伴随着2001年北京申奥成功,“绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运”三大主题已经渗透到生产和生活中的方方面面。北京的“绿色奥运”,不仅代表了当今国际环保事业发展的前进方向,也反映出技术进步、资源节约、适度消费的环境友好发展模式。这种模式,为我国的新材料产业尤其是绿色材料产业带来了重要的发展机遇和广阔的发展空间,主要涉及生态建材、可降解塑料、无铅助剂、太阳能电池以及清洁燃料等等方面。     

稀土钙钛矿催化剂制备方法的研究进展

稀土钙钛矿超微粉体的常规制备方法主要有机械混合法、化学共沉淀法、溶胶-凝胶法以及微乳液法等等。本文总结了以上各种方法的制备过程、特点以及在工艺优化方面国内外所取得的研究进展,并从机理上探讨了上述工艺对稀土钙钛矿催化剂相关性能的影响。     

Effects of cerium and vanadium on the activity and selectivity of MnOx-TiO2 catalyst for low-temperature NH3-SCR

MnOx-TiO2,CeO2-MnOx-TiO2 and V2O5-MnOx-TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature NH3-SCR were prepared by sol-gel method.The results showed that both cerium and vanadium prevented the transformation of anatase TiO2 to the rutile phase.The addition of vanadium oxide induced the segregation of crystalline Mn2O3,which contributed little to low-temperature SCR and ammonia oxidation,from the MnOx-TiO2 solid solutions.However,the selectivity of the V-containing catalyst was almost 100% due to the decreased ammonia consump-tion and enhanced adsorption capacity of ammonia on Br(?)nsted acid sites at relatively high temperatures.The electron-donating effect of ce-rium reduced the Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio to some extent,resulting in a decreased activity for ammonia oxidation.This,in combination with the en-hanced ammonia adsorption capacity by Cen+ as additional Lewis acid sites,endowed the Ce-doped catalyst a higher N2 selectivity than MnOx-TiO2 despite the slightly elevated light-off temperature for NO conversion.     

Preparation and characterization of silica microcapsules containing butyl-stearate via sol-gel method

For thermal energy storage application in energy-saving building materials, silica microcapsules containing phase change material were prepared using sol-gel method in O/W emulsion system. In the system droplets in microns are formed by emulsifying an organic phase consisting of butyl-stearate as core material. The silica shell was formed via hydrolysis and condensation from tetraethyl silicate with acetate as catalyst. The SEM photographs show the particles possess spherical morphology and core-shell structure. The as-prepared silica microcapsules mainly consist of microsphere in the diameter of 3-7 μm and the median diameter of these microcapsules equals to 5.2μm. The differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） curves indicate that the latent heat and the melting point of microcapsules are 86 J/g and 22.6 ℃, respectively. The results of DSC and TG further testify the microcapsules with core-shell structure.     

Effect of Sr and Ce on Synthesis of Nanometer Perovskite LaMnO3＋λ

Nanometer perovskite LaMnO3 λ, La0.6Ce0.4MnO3 λ and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 λ were prepared by citric acid-aide dsol-gel method. The effects of Ce, Sr on the structure and properties of nanometer perovskite were studied through DTTGA, XRD, TEM and BET analyses. The results show that, by sol-gel method, LaMnO3 λ, La0.6Ce0.4MnO3 λ and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 λ were made with average particle size of about 60, 100 and 30 nm, respectively. After partially substituting Sr on La positions in LaMnO3 λ, it is found that Sr is located at the perovskite lattice so as to reduce the formation temperature of the perovskite. As a result, the perovskite has a smaller particle size and larger specific surface area. On the contrary, it is difficult for Ce to enter the perovskite lattice. Ce exists mostly in the form of CeO2 as partially substituting La in LaMnO3 λ. The formation temperature of the perovskite increases, and the catalyst containing CeO2 presents a larger particle size and less specific surface area.     

国外环境材料的研究进展及发展动向

介绍了近一两年国外环境材料的最新发展动向和研究进展，并就我国环境材料的研究现状及发展提出一些看法和建议。主要讨论的内容有：把环境意识引入材料科学是保持世界平衡、持续发展的一条重要的途径；     

现代汽车用化工材料的需求和趋势分析

随着现代汽车向轻量化、环保化、钾能化和时尚化发展,汽车用化工材料在车用材料中的用量日趋增大.本文概述了汽车用橡胶、塑料、涂料、纺织纤维、填充材料、气囊材料以及复合材料等汽车用化工材料的需求及发展趋势.