混沌优化方法在灰色非线性水环境规划中的应用

通过把灰色参数和灰色变量视为混沌变量，利用混沌运动的遍历性、随机性、规律性以及对初值敏感性的特点，尝试应用具有优秀随机搜索性能的混沌优化方法求解水环境灰色非线性规划问题。实例研究证明，该方法具有搜索速度快、求解精度高的优点，因此对目标函数的优化结果比常规数值解法、遗传算法更加有效。     

Effects of added Cd on Cd uptake by oilseed rape and pai-tsai co-cropping

The experiment was designed to study whether the decrease of Cd in the rhizosphere of Zhongyouza Ⅰ,one breed of oilseed rapes （Brassicajunica） that can hyperaccumulate cadmium from the soil, can improve the living condition of less Cd-tolerant plant pai-tsai （Brassia chinensis） with their roots permitted to intermingle and develop coincident rhizosphere. The extent of rhizosphere interactions between Zhongyouza Ⅰ and pai-tsai was controlled by different root barriers, or without barrier. The results show that in the 10 and 20 mg/kg Cd treated soils, pai-tsai gets higher shoot mass and less Cd accumulation in its shoot than in the barrier treatments or in the mono cultures, when its roots are permitted to intermingle with those of Zhongyouza Ⅰ. Meanwhile, soil decontamination rates of Zhongyouza Ⅰ are not affected much by co-cropping with pai-tsai, they are 80.0% and 91.8% of that in the mono cultures of Zhongyouza Ⅰ, respectively. However, the co-cropping method in meliorating the living condition of pai-tsai is not obvious when Cd concentration in soil reaches 40 mg/kg, and soil decontamination rate decreases to 0.14, which is 58.3% of that in the mono culture. These results indicate that the oilseed rape Zhongyouza Ⅰ may alleviate Cd toxicity of surrounding less-tolerant species, and its ability of phytoremediation is not affected much at the same time, especially in the middle polluted soil.     

普通聚烯烃类塑料生物降解研究进展

介绍了高分子材料生物降解的概念、生物降解的作用方式,影响生物降解的因素,并且分析了高分子聚合物生物降解的研究现状,从添加易生物降解的填料法和添加光氧助剂-生物降解法这两个方面总结了普通聚烯烃类塑料生物降解研究进展,指出了今后研究的重点。     

好氧微生物颗粒污泥脱氨机理

好氧颗粒污泥应用于生物脱氮,机理为如下几种.第一种为常规硝化-反硝化途径.第二种为亚硝化-反硝化途径,颗粒污泥的外部为好氧的硝化区,通过适当的控制,使硝化过程停留在亚硝化阶段,直接进入内层进行反硝化.第三种为硝化-厌氧氨氧化途径,通过外层的硝化和内层的厌氧氨氧化作用实现脱氮.第四种为硝化-反硝化聚磷方式,颗粒污泥内部在反硝化的同时聚磷,实现好氧颗粒污泥同步脱氮除磷.第五种脱氮的途径为好氧反硝化.在不同的条件下,某一种脱氮的途径可能占主导地位.     

我国现行生活饮用水卫生保障系统

对我国现行的供水条例、水质标准、二次供水设施规范、涉及饮用水卫生安全产品标准、供水单位卫生规范、标准检验方法等进行了总结,并对该卫生保障系统的实行和有效性进行了思考.     

Production and characterization of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis CCTCC AB93108

The production and properties of the biosurfactant synthesized by Bacillus subtilis CCTCC AB93108 were studied. The maximum concentration of the surfactant is 1.64 g/L when the bacteria grow in a medium supplemented with glucose as carbon sources. The isolated biosurfactant is a complex of protein and polysaccharide without lipids. It reduces the surface tension of distilled water to 45.9 mN/m, and its critical micelle concentration (CMC) is 2.96 g/L. It can stabilize emulsions of several aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, xylene, n-pentane, n-nonane, gasoline and diesel oil. It presents high emulsification activity and stability in a wide range of temperature (4-100℃) and a long period of duration.     

Increasing silver leaching rate from leaching-resistant zinc residues by thiourea leaching method with pressurized preoxidation process

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ ,ｚｉｎｃｉｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｈｙｄｒｏｍｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｙ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｍｅｔｈｏｄｉｎｍｏｓｔｚｉｎｃｓｍｅｌｔｉｎｇｐｌａｎｔｓ .Ｅａｃｈｙｅａｒ,ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎｓｔｏｎｓｏｆｈｙｄｒｏｍｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｉｃａｌｚｉｎｃｒｅｓｉｄｕｅｓａｒｅｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｄｆｒｏｍＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｓｍｅｌｔｉｎｇｐｌａｎｔｓ ,ｗｈｉｃｈａｒｅｈｉｇｈｌｙａｃｉｄｉｃａｎｄｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｏｆｇｒｅａｔｄｅａｌｏｆｓｉｌｖｅｒａｎｄｏｔ…     

基于AVR单片机温室智能控制系统的设计

设计了一种用于植物工厂的温室智能控制系统．采取AVR单片机完成下位机设计,通过RS-485总线与上位机通信,并定义了通信协议,利用VC6．0开发人机界面．将该系统用于对温室环境因子的监控,用户可以根据植物实际生长需要选择适当的控制参数,实现对温室环境的管理．     

复合亚铁混凝剂的制备及性能研究

利用酸洗废液为原料制备复合亚铁混凝剂,用制得的复合亚铁对高岭土、染料模拟废水做混凝实验,与市售的七水硫酸亚铁和聚铁做比较,研究了其除浊脱色性能。结果表明,复合亚铁有电中和、氧化还原及卷扫作用,混凝效果优于七水硫酸亚铁和聚铁,复合亚铁可应用于多种工业废水处理。     

陶瓷工业清洁生产浅论

在分析陶瓷工业污染产生原因及现状的基础上 ,探讨了陶瓷工业清洁生产的途径及措施 ,指出以清洁生产为主 ,末端控制为辅的综合污染防治方式是实现陶瓷工业持续发展的必然选择