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Andrea Stracciolini Jennifer Luz Gregory Walker Nicholas M. Edwards Avery D. Faigenbaum Gregory D. Myer 《The Physician and sportsmedicine》2020,48(2):199-207
ABSTRACT
Objective
To investigate primary care physician clinical practice patterns, barriers, and education surrounding pediatric physical activity (PA), and to compare practice patterns by discipline. 相似文献4.
Emma J. Walker Noni E. MacDonald Nehal Islam Nicole Le Saux Karina A. Top Deshayne B. Fell 《Vaccine》2019,37(13):1725-1735
Objective
To systematically review literature on uptake and timeliness of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, measles-mumps-rubella, and/or polio-containing vaccines in infants who were born preterm, with a low birth weight, and/or with chronic health conditions that were diagnosed within the first 6?months of life.Methods
Using a standardized search strategy developed by a medical librarian, records were extracted from MEDLINE, Embase, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and CINAHL up to May 8, 2018.Results
Out of the 1997 records that were screened, we identified 21 studies that met inclusion criteria. Eleven studies assessed vaccine coverage and/or timeliness in preterm infants, 6 in low birth weight infants, and 7 in children with chronic health conditions. Estimates of coverage in these populations were highly variable, ranging from 40% to 100% across the vaccines and population groups.Conclusions
There is a lack of studies reporting coverage and timeliness of routine immunizations in special populations of children.Policy implications
Our review suggests a need for improved surveillance of immunization status in special populations of infants, as well as a need for standardization of reporting practices. 相似文献5.
Denise Lee Marcella D. Walker Hsin Yi Chen John A. Chabot James A. Lee Jennifer H. Kuo 《Surgery》2019,165(1):107-113
Background
Bone mineral density (BMD) has been found to improve after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. There are few data on the effect of PTX on BMD in normocalcemic and normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods
A retrospective analysis of 92 primary hyperparathyroidism patients who underwent PTX between 2004 and 2012 with pre- and post-PTX dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed. Within-person changes in BMD pre- and post-PTX were analyzed using log linear mixed models, stratified by biochemical status.Results
Bone mineral density increased post-PTX in the whole cohort at the lumbar spine (+2.5%), femoral neck (+2.1%), and total hip (+1.9%) and decreased at the one-third radius (–0.9%). On comparison of BMD changes by profile, BMD increased in those with the typical profile at the lumbar spine (3.2%), femoral neck (2.9%), and total hip (2.9%) but declined at the one-third radius (–1.5%). In contrast, BMD improved only at the femoral neck (4.3%) in the normohormonal group and did not change at any site in the normocalcemic group. The typical group had a greater increase in BMD over time at the femoral neck and total hip compared with normocalcemic patients.Conclusion
Our results indicate that the skeletal benefit of PTX was attenuated in normocalcemic and normohormonal patients, suggesting that skeletal changes after PTX may depend on biochemical profile. 相似文献6.
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Alexander S. Dakos Ellen M. Walker Huai Jiang Barry E. Stein Benjamin A. Rowland 《The European journal of neuroscience》2019,50(11):3702-3712
Unilateral lesions of visual cortex have the secondary consequence of suppressing visual circuits in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC), collectively producing blindness in contralesional space (“hemianopia”). Recent studies have demonstrated that SC visual responses and contralesional vision can be reinstated by a non‐invasive multisensory training procedure in which spatiotemporally concordant visual‐auditory pairs are repeatedly presented within the blind hemifield. Despite this recovery of visual responsiveness, the loss of visual cortex was expected to result in permanent deficits in that hemifield, especially when visual events in both hemifields compete for attention and access to the brain's visuomotor circuitry. This was evaluated in the present study in a visual choice paradigm in which the two visual hemifields of recovered cats were simultaneously stimulated with equally valent visual targets. Surprisingly, the expected disparity was not found, and some animals even preferred stimuli presented in the previously blind hemifield. This preference persisted across multiple stimulus intensity levels and there was no indication that animals were less aware of cues in the previously blind hemifield than in its spared counterpart. Furthermore, when auditory cues were combined with visual cues, the enhanced performance they produced on a visual task was no greater in the normal than in the previously blind hemifield. These observations suggest that the multisensory rehabilitation paradigm revealed greater inherent visual information processing potential in the previously blind hemifield than was believed possible given the loss of visual cortex. 相似文献
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目的:采用核磁共振氢谱(~1H-NMR)植物代谢组学技术比较青海产区枸杞子与其他产区(宁夏、甘肃、新疆、内蒙古)枸杞子的化学成分差异。方法:收集5个产区共97份枸杞子样本,其中青海61个样本,采用50%甲醇提取,检测~1H-NMR图谱,结合多元统计分析,对比青海产区枸杞子与其他产区枸杞子的化学差异性,并对各产区样本的枸杞多糖进行含量测定(以无水葡萄糖计),检测波长490 nm。结果:枸杞子的~1H-NMR图谱共检测到32个化学成分,多元统计分析表明青海产区枸杞子与其他产区样本相比,无明显分离趋势;青海产区枸杞子与宁夏产区相比,以及青海省6个不同地区的枸杞子相比,重叠样品较多,均不能显著分开。相似度结果表明,大多数样品的相似度0.85;化合物的单变量分析结果显示,除了蔗糖、葡萄糖、脯氨酸等个别代谢物在各产区样本中存在显著差异外,其余代谢物在各产区样品中的含量分布基本一致。青海与其他产区样本中枸杞多糖含量无显著性差异,且枸杞多糖含量与~1H-NMR指认的小分子化合物的相关系数处于-0.2~0.4。结论:采用~1HNMR植物代谢组学技术从整体化学组成上分析了青海产区枸杞子的化学特征,并结合枸杞多糖含量测定,显示青海产区枸杞子与其他产区枸杞子的化学差异较小。建立的基于~1H-NMR的枸杞子质量评价方法可为其质控水平提升及种植产区选择提供科学依据。 相似文献
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