血液灌流对硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的吸附作用

Objective To study on adsorption effect of cadusafos and atropine sulfate by hemoperfusion.Method Hemoperfusions were performed for sheep blood samples with cadusafos and atropineby through imitated extracorporeal closed circulating perfusion apparatus.Residual cadusafos was determined by gas chromatography and residual atropine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Result Dose of adsorption agent was 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g,respectively.Two hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,clearance rate of cadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%.and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 61.9%,84.9%,88.9%,respectively.One and a half hours after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin,clearance rate of eadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%,and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 88.0%,97.2%,98.4%,respectively.Three hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood promoted to 10.1 times,and the ratio was 6.7 times after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin.Conclusion It suggested that cadusafos were mostly removed from blood after 1.5～2.0hours hemoperfusion with membrane activated charcoal or HA230 absorption resin.The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood will increased after hemoperfusion.     

血液灌流对硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的吸附作用

目的 定量研究血液灌流对有机磷农药硫线磷和其解毒药阿托品的吸附作用.方法 模拟临床血液灌流装置,对含硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的血样进行灌流吸附,分别用毛细管气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法测定硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的残留量.结果 吸附剂用量为0.5、1.0和1.5 g,包膜活性炭在灌流2.0 h后硫线磷的清除率均能达到90%以上,硫酸阿托品的清除率依次为61.9%、84.9%和88.9%;HA230树脂在灌流1.5 h后硫线磷清除率都达到90%以上,硫酸阿托品的清除率也依次高达88.0%、97.2%和98.4%;包膜活性炭灌流3.0h后,硫酸阿托品与硫线磷的比值最高为灌流前的10.1倍,而HA230树脂灌流后,此比值最高为灌流前的6.7倍.结论 包膜活性炭和HA230吸附树脂血液灌流1.5～2.0 h均能清除血中大部分硫线磷,而且均能增加血中硫酸阿托品和硫线磷浓度的比值.     

血液灌流对硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的吸附作用

Objective To study on adsorption effect of cadusafos and atropine sulfate by hemoperfusion.Method Hemoperfusions were performed for sheep blood samples with cadusafos and atropineby through imitated extracorporeal closed circulating perfusion apparatus.Residual cadusafos was determined by gas chromatography and residual atropine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Result Dose of adsorption agent was 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g,respectively.Two hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,clearance rate of cadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%.and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 61.9%,84.9%,88.9%,respectively.One and a half hours after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin,clearance rate of eadusafos in 3 groups all exceeded 90%,and clearance rate of atropine sulfate was 88.0%,97.2%,98.4%,respectively.Three hours after hemoperfusion with membrane coated activated charcoal,The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood promoted to 10.1 times,and the ratio was 6.7 times after hemoperfusion with HA230 absorption resin.Conclusion It suggested that cadusafos were mostly removed from blood after 1.5～2.0hours hemoperfusion with membrane activated charcoal or HA230 absorption resin.The concentration ratio of cadusafos and atropine sulfate in blood will increased after hemoperfusion.     

乳癌根治术和乳癌改良根治术后近远期疗效观察

<正> 据TNM国际分期的Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期乳癌、传统的手术方式是乳癌根治术(Halstead),近年来我院已基本采取保留胸大肌的改良根治术(paty Dyson),因为我们对这两种术式术后近期并发症进行了比较,发现保留     

目前工作场所有害因素样品采集中存在的问题

为配合我国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)、职业卫生标准与国际接轨，卫生部颁布了《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值》(GBZ 2-2002)，并于2002年6月1日起实行。在近两年来，职业卫生工作人员积极贯彻执行新的职业卫生标准。GBZ 2-2002中有害因素的职业接触限值与我国以往的职业卫生标准有很大变化，职业接触限值由原来的最高容许浓度(maximum allowable concentration，MAC)变更为最高容许浓度(MAC)、     

血清中乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲胺磷和敌敌畏的快速高效薄层定性分析

目的建立血清中有机磷农药乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲胺磷和敌敌畏的测定方法.方法取2μl血清样品点在薄层板上,置于展开剂中展开.取出晾干后,用显色剂显色.根据斑点的颜色深浅度与标准板比较,进行半含量测定.结果血清中乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲胺磷和敌敌畏的检出限分别为5、5、10、10μg/ml,常见的农药辛硫磷、丙溴磷、水胺硫磷、马拉硫磷和氧化乐果等对测定无干扰.结论建立的方法可对血清样品直接定性和半定量测定.     

便携式气相色谱-质谱法检测空气中甲硫醇和乙硫醇

目的建立便携式气相色谱-质谱法(GC/MS)测定工作场所空气中甲硫醇和乙硫醇。方法采用静态配气法,以高纯氮气为稀释气,配制不同浓度的甲硫醇和乙硫醇混合标准气体,便携式GC-MS手持探头直接采集、进样,便携式GC/MS检测,以保留时间和特征离子定性,选择离子峰面积定量。结果本方法甲硫醇和乙硫醇的线性范围分别为0.996~19.9 mg/m3和0.967~19.34 mg/m3,相关系数r分别为1.000和0.999,检出限分别为0.1和0.2 mg/m3。批内、批间精密度均≤10%,平均加标回收率为91.7%~109.8%。结论本方法操作简便、精密度好、准确度高,适用于工作场所空气中甲硫醇和乙硫醇的日常及应急检测。     

血清中甲基对硫磷和乐果测定的气相色谱法

目的 选用氮磷检测器(NPD)及脉冲火焰光度检测器(PFPD),建立气相色谱仪同时检测血清中甲基对硫磷和乐果的方法.方法 取1 ml血清,加入2 ml乙酸乙酯振荡、离心提取,重复3次,提取液吹氮浓缩至近干,然后准确加入1.0 ml乙酸乙酯,振荡混匀,气相色谱测定.结果 两种目标化合物在0～4.0 μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9992～0.9998;NPD和PFPD的检出限分别为0.04 μg/L和0.01 μg/L;乐果和甲基对硫磷的加标回收率分别为93%～110%和91%～102%;乐果和甲基对硫磷的批内精密度分别为1.6%～7.0%、2.6%～6.1%,批间精密度分别为5.4%～9.5%、4.7%～8.4%.结论 该方法线性范围宽,灵敏度高,精密度好,适用于职业接触和普通中毒人群血清中甲基对硫磷及乐果的测定.     

两种吸附剂血液灌流对丙溴磷的灌流清除率的影响

目的探讨包膜活性炭和HA230树脂对丙溴磷的灌流清除率,并比较其清除效果。方法分别用包膜活性炭和HA230树脂对中毒血样进行灌流吸附,将吸附后血样经乙酸乙酯萃取后,用毛细管气相色谱法检测并计算清除率。结果分析方法的检出限为0.8ng,低、中、高3种浓度的加标回收率为95.1%~101.2%,相对标准偏差为1.11%~10.97%。灌流吸附后血中丙溴磷的清除效率在包膜活性炭为78.2%~85.8%,在HA230吸附树脂为84.5%~93.8%。结论用包膜活性炭和HA230树脂吸附剂进行血液灌流,均能迅速降低血中丙溴磷浓度。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定血中有机磷混配农药及灌流清除效率的实验研究

目的研究血中有机磷混配农药的气相色谱检测方法及血液灌流对毒物的定量清除效率。方法模拟临床血液灌流装置,对含有机磷混配农药的血样进行灌流吸附,用毛细管气相色谱法测定混配农药各单体的残留量。结果低、中、高三种浓度的加标回收率为89.3%~104.4%,相对标准偏差为2.2%~11.6%。灌流前敌敌畏浓度为9.84μg/ml,甲基对硫磷为9.96μg/ml,在灌流3.0h后,血中残留敌敌畏浓度和清除速率分别是0.68μg/ml~1.59μg/ml、13.7μg/min~15.2μg/min;甲基对硫磷分别为0.20μg/ml~0.59μg/ml、15.6μg/min~16.1μg/min。结论包膜活性炭血液灌流能清除血液中大部分农药,迅速降低血中混配农药各单体的浓度。但是要根据中毒程度选择合适的灌流时间和包膜活性炭用量。