THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND IN SITU cDNA-mRNA HYBRIDIZATION OF CARBAMYL PHOSPHATE SYNTHETASE I IN ENZYME-ALTERED LIVER CELLS DURING CARCINOGENESIS

The changes of carbamyl phosphate synthetase I(CPS 1)in diethylnitrosamine-(DEN)-inducedenzyme-altered liver cells were studied by means of immunohistochemical(PAP)and in situcDNA-mRNA hybridization methods.The experimental rats were treated with DEN,2-acetylaminofluorene(2-AAF)and 2/3 hepatectomy according to Solt-Farber's protocol andwere further promoted by oral daily administration of 0.05% phenobarbital in drinking water.The results showed that the average number of lesions showing abnormal expression of CPS1 was relatively constant over the course of the experiment(8 months),while the numberof normally expressing lesions gradually decreased.The former lesions were also largerin volume than the latter ones.We conclude that in DEN-initiated lesions the abnormallyexpressed CPS 1 lesions may grow continuously,thus leading to the formation of largernodules.We also suspect that some of these lesions have increased tendencies to developinto tumors.     

二乙基亚硝胺诱发的变异肝细胞组化表型的研究

The histochemical changes of gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and ornithine carbamyltransferase (OCT) were studied in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) -induced and enzyme-altered liver cell lesions (Solt-Farber model) in rats. The number of altered liver cell foci tended to decrease after ceasation of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF); nevertheless, the number and size of the nodules increased rapidly within 20 weeks. The histochemical changes of most of the altered liver cell foci were focused on one or two kinds of enzyme activity (mostly gamma-GT and ATPase); while most of the nodules presented 3 or 4 kinds of histochemical changes, including OCT and G-6-Pase. It is concluded that some of those altered nodules of multi-enzyme changes might develop continuously to become tumors.     

棉酚对大鼠肝脏有否诱癌和促癌作用的研究

一般认为棉酚在动物实验中无明显的致突或致畸作用。但Haroz等认为棉酚对Sencar小鼠皮肤有诱癌及促癌作用。棉酚主要在肝内代谢,并可引起肝细胞毒性损伤,为了探讨棉酚对大鼠肝脏有无诱癌或促癌作用,进行如下实验。     

肝细胞增生对二乙基亚硝胺诱发其癌前变异的影响

2/3肝叶切除18-24小时后喂以DEN,能启动形成较多的癌前变异病灶,除考虑细胞s期较易形成变异细胞外,尚应考虑肝叶切除诱发小叶周边较幼稚肝细胞增生时比小叶内分化成熟细胞受致癌物质的启动更易形成变异细胞。透明细胞是严重代谢障碍的现象,它们多趋向退行性变,所以不一定是癌前性质的细胞。     

微型计算机辅助肝癌病变的测量和体视学测算

利用微型计算机和数字化仪直接对病理组织切片投影中的病变进行测量和体视学计算,使病理形态学能进行定量分析以探讨其结构和功能的定量关系。我们应用于实验性肝癌病变的形态分析,提高了形态研究的质量。此微机辅助体视学测量系统应用时简便可靠、价格便宜,有利于推广。     

肝细胞的凋亡

肝细胞的凋亡丁濂细胞凋亡（ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ）是生物体内无用的，老化的或一些损伤的细胞死亡的一种形式，不引起局部组织损伤或炎症反应。可见于：（１）胚胎器官发育的过程，如胚胎肢端发育成指、趾时有部分细胞凋亡。（２）成熟老化细胞的新老交替。（３）淋巴细胞...     

γ-谷氨酰转移酶大体标本组织化学显示法

γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GT)存在于肾曲管上皮细胞的刷毛缘、肝毛细胆管面的肝细胞膜等处。在化学致癌物诱发的增生性肝细胞膜上,以及诱发的肝细胞癌的细胞膜及细胞浆内,γ-GT活性均明显增高。γ-GT的组织化学显示法已有报道。我们在实验性肝癌的研究中,将此方法应用到大体标本,取得较好的结果。     

大鼠肺癌前病变及其γ—谷氨酰转肽酶表达的研究

用3-甲基胆蒽(3-MC)诱发大鼠肺癌前病变,并观察癌变过程中γ-谷氨酰转肽酸(GGT)的组织化学反应。结果支气管内1次灌注3-MC(3mg/100g体重)30d后,大鼠小支气管上皮不典型增生、腺样增生与腺癌及鳞癌的发生率分别为88.2％、70.6％及17.7％,60d的发生率分别为83.3％、23.5％及38.9％,且上述病变均呈GGT染色阳性反应,提示GGT可作为肺癌前病变的标志酶之一。     

大鼠发育过程中肝脏鸟氨酸氨基甲酰转移酶变化的组织化学观察

鸟氨酸氨基甲酰转移酶(OCT)是哺乳类动物鸟氨酸循环中重要的酶,主要存于肝细胞线粒体。生化测定表明胚胎期大鼠肝组织中OCT活性很低,出生后随年龄而升高,生后四周达正常水平。关于大鼠发育过程中肝组织OCT的组织化学变化迄今未见报道。本文进行这方面的探讨。