HiPakTM高压SPT IGBT模块的SOA新基准

介绍了电压额定值从2.5kV到6.5kV的新型高压HiPakTMIGBT模块系列.新系列HiPakTM模块采用了ABB最新研制的高压SPT IGBT和二极管,使得其SOA首次达到破纪录的最高极限.新元件的整体电特性都很优异,可以承受如关断和短路这样极端的工作条件.为此,针对给定的电压等级制定了其SOA工作能力的最新基准.     

应用于工业牵引的软穿通IGBT技术的大功率模块

随着1700V-SPT（软穿通）GBT LoPak密集型封装结构模块类型的引入，为了进一步开发利用新的1700V-SPT IGBT和二极管芯片的特性，出现了新的封装类型的模块：即电压1700V，电流额定值为2400A，封装形式的E1和E2工业标准模块。我们在长期高可靠性应用的经验基础上，设计了新的封闭类型，其特性适用于牵引市场。在本文中，讨论了1700V-SPT国IGBT（E1/E2）模块范围的特性，尤其论述了改进的表态和动态特性。     

New Universal All-Digital CPM Modulator

In this paper a new modulator for a broad class of continuous phase modulations (CPM) is proposed that is more flexible and less complex than conventional quadrature modulators, while achieving the same or better performance. Being all-digital it is more suitable for one-chip VLSI implementation. Some design parameters are also discussed and experimental results are presented.     

二合一芯片

由于整合开关器件与反并联二极管这一概念具有难以攻克的技术挑战,因此近年来这一技术仅被用于低功率组件（如IGBT和MOSFET）以及特殊应用。另外,IGCT等大面积双极型器件已经采用了单片集成技术,但其中的IGCT和二：极管需要完全分离的硅区。     

Patterns of symptomatic recovery in psychotherapy.

Using the psychotherapy dosage model in which effect was probability of recovery, this study compared treatment response rates for psychological symptoms. Symptom checklists were administered to 854 psychotherapy outpatients at intake and during treatment. 62 symptoms were grouped into 3 classes on the basis of probit analysis results. Chronic distress symptoms demonstrated the fastest average response rate, whereas characterological symptoms demonstrated the slowest. Acute distress symptoms showed the highest average percentage of patients recovered across doses. A typical outpatient needed about a year of psychotherapy to have a 75% chance of symptomatic recovery. The model holds promise for establishing guidelines for the financing of psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychotherapeutic orientations: A comparison of conceptualizations, interventions, and treatment plan costs.

Delineated patterns of conceptualization and intervention for 4 psychotherapeutic orientations (psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, family systems, and eclectic) and then determined how these patterns related to treatment plan costs. 43 therapists with 1 of the 4 orientations responded to 2 case vignettes that each contained a psychosocial history and portions of a 3rd therapy session for a fictitious patient. Ss were asked to (a) conceptualize about information given by the patient, (b) verbally intervene with the patient, and (c) recommend a treatment plan consisting of types (modality/setting) and amounts (session/days) of treatment. Conceptualization and intervention responses were rated by 3 clinical raters using a psychotherapy judgment rating scale. As predicted, psychodynamic therapists recommended significantly more costly treatment plans. Conceptualization and intervention categories given more focus by the psychodynamic group correlated positively with treatment plan costs, and those categories given more focus by the other therapeutic groups correlated negatively with costs. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relation between years of psychotherapeutic experience and conceptualizations, interventions, and treatment plan costs.

In this study we investigated the relation between years of experience and psychotherapists' conceptualizations, interventions, and treatment plan costs. Thirty-eight therapists evaluated two case vignettes containing a psychosocial history and therapy session material. The therapists answered open-ended queries concerning their conceptualizations about the patient, intervention strategies, and treatment recommendations. Independent clinical raters rated the responses, using the Psychotherapy Judgment Rating Scale. Conceptualization and intervention categories associated with the psychodynamic orientation were positively related to years of experience. Categories not associated with the psychodynamic orientation demonstrated negative relations. In contrast to less experienced therapists, the more experienced therapists were more facilitative, rated the patients as more disordered, and recommended more costly treatment plans. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Development of Science Gateways Using QCG — Lessons Learned from the Deployment on Large Scale Distributed and HPC Infrastructures

Today, various Science Gateways created in close collaboration with scientific communities provide access to remote and distributed HPC, Grid and Cloud computing resources and large-scale storage facilities. However, as we have observed there are still many entry barriers for new users and various limitations for active scientists. In this paper we present our latest achievements and software solutions that significantly simplify the use of large scale and distributed computing. We describe several Science Gateways that have been successfully created with the help of our application tools and the QCG (Quality in Cloud and Grid) middleware, in particular Vine Toolkit, QCG-Portal and QCG-Now, and make the use of HPC, Grid and Cloud more straightforward and transparent. Additionally, we share the best practices and lessons learned after creating jointly with user communities many domain-specific Science Gateways, e.g. dedicated for physicists, medical scientists, chemists, engineers and external communities performing multi-scale simulations. As our deployed software solutions have reached recently a critical mass of active users in the PLGrid e-infrastructure in Poland, we also discuss in this paper how changing technologies, visual design and user experience could impact the way we should re-design Science Getaways or even develop new attractive tools, e.g. desktop or mobile-based applications in the future. Finally, we present information and statistics regarding the behaviour of users to help readers understand how new capabilities and functionalities may influence the growth of user interest in Science Gateways and HPC technologies.     

Memory Considerations for Low Energy Ray Tracing

We propose two hardware mechanisms to decrease energy consumption on massively parallel graphics processors for ray tracing. First, we use a streaming data model and configure part of the L2 cache into a ray stream memory to enable efficient data processing through ray reordering. This increases L1 hit rates and reduces off‐chip memory energy substantially through better management of off‐chip memory access patterns. To evaluate this model, we augment our architectural simulator with a detailed memory system simulation that includes accurate control, timing and power models for memory controllers and off‐chip dynamic random‐access memory . These details change the results significantly over previous simulations that used a simpler model of off‐chip memory, indicating that this type of memory system simulation is important for realistic simulations that involve external memory. Secondly, we employ reconfigurable special‐purpose pipelines that are constructed dynamically under program control. These pipelines use shared execution units that can be configured to support the common compute kernels that are the foundation of the ray tracing algorithm. This reduces the overhead incurred by on‐chip memory and register accesses. These two synergistic features yield a ray tracing architecture that reduces energy by optimizing both on‐chip and off‐chip memory activity when compared to a more traditional approach.     

高压IGBT和二极管SOA性能的突破——SSCM

介绍了一种新型高压IGBT和二极管设计平台,它展现出目前安全工作区域SOA(Safe Operation Area,简称SOA)所能达到的最高极限.首次展示了一种额定电压3.3～6.5kV、能够同时承受动态雪崩和开关自箝位模式(SwitchSelf Clamp Mode,简称SSCM)、低损耗的IGBT和二极管芯片组.这项成果将促成高压器件SOA能力的全新突破.