不同充放电模式影响还原氧化石墨烯电极储锂性能的实验分析

针对充放电模式对电极储锂性能的影响开展综合实验研究与机理分析.设计了4种充放电模式,进行不同充放电模式下还原氧化石墨烯电极的储锂性能实验,并从电极动态反应性能和应变两方面开展实验分析充放电模式对储锂时间和容量的影响机理.实验结果显示,不同充放电模式下电极储锂时间越短容量折损越多,综合数据分析指出电荷转移阻抗、扩散系数、过电位和应变均表现出了非线性和阶段性的特点.最后提出“大电流-小电流”模式为可行的充放电优化方案,利用电化学进程的非线性平衡了快充技术中时间和容量之间的矛盾,为快速充电技术的设计和优化提供了一定的指导.     

Experimental investigation of electrode cycle performance and electrochemical kinetic performance under stress loading

Lithium-ion batteries suffer from mechano–electrochemical coupling problems that directly determine the battery life. In this paper, we investigate the electrode electrochemical performance under stress conditions, where seven tensile/compressive stresses are designed and loaded on electrodes, thereby decoupling mechanics and electrochemistry through incremental stress loads. Four types of multi-group electrochemical tests under tensile/compressive stress loading and normal package loading are performed to quantitatively characterize the effects of tensile stress and compressive stress on cycle performance and the kinetic performance of a silicon composite electrode. Experiments show that a tensile stress improves the electrochemical performance of a silicon composite electrode, exhibiting increased specific capacity and capacity retention rate, reduced energy dissipation rate and impedances, enhanced reactivity, accelerated ion/electron migration and diffusion, and reduced polarization. Contrarily, a compressive stress has the opposite effect, inhibiting the electrochemical performance. The stress effect is nonlinear, and a more obvious suppression via compressive stress is observed than an enhancement via tensile stress. For example, a tensile stress of 675 k Pa increases diffusion coefficient by 32.5%, while a compressive stress reduces it by 35%. Based on the experimental results, the stress regulation mechanism is analyzed. Tensile stress loads increase the pores of the electrode material microstructure, providing more deformation spaces and ion/electron transport channels. This relieves contact compressive stress, strengthens diffusion/reaction, and reduces the degree of damage and energy dissipation. Thus, the essence of stress enhancement is that it improves and optimizes diffusion, reaction and stress in the microstructure of electrode material as well as their interactions via physical morphology.     

显微拉曼光谱力学实验方法与应用研究进展

显微拉曼光谱是近十余年来实验力学领域迅速发展的一种实验应力分析新方法.相比于大多数的光测力学方法,显微拉曼能够实现对应力/应变相对直接的表征,具有高空间分辨、高测试效率、无损非接触等特点,适合于原位、在线、活体测量.其对本征和非本征应力均敏感,并能够开展多物理参量的协同表征,是当前实验力学领域新方法研究的国际前沿之一,也是微纳米力学实验分析的重要手段.本文首先介绍了显微拉曼力学表征的实验原理,随后论述了拉曼光谱用于力学研究的若干关键技术,然后综述了基于显微拉曼实验的力学前沿研究进展,最后讨论了显微拉曼光谱在实验固体力学领域的发展前景与方向.本文通过对显微拉曼光谱力学实验方法最新理论、技术与应用进展的综述,为从事微尺度、多尺度力学实验领域的科研工作者提供较为系统的信息参考,同时为那些对微尺度光谱力学感兴趣的青年科研人员提供本领域系统全面的知识.