A fast improved fat tree encoder for wave union TDC in an FPGA

Up to now, the wave union method can achieve the best timing performance in FPGA-based TDC designs. However, it should be guaranteed in such a structure that the non-thermometer code to binary code (NTH2B) encoding process should be finished within just one system clock cycle. So the implementation of the NTH2B encoder is quite challenging considering the high speed requirement. Besides, the high resolution wave union TDC also demands that the encoder convert an ultra-wide input code to a binary code. We present a fast improved fat tree encoder (IFTE) to fulfill such requirements, in which bubble error suppression is also integrated. With this encoder scheme, a wave union TDC with 7.7 ps RMS and 3.8 ps effective bin size was implemented in an FPGA from Xilinx Virtex 5 family. An encoding time of 8.33 ns was achieved for a 276-bit non-thermometer code to a 9-bit binary code conversion. We conducted a series of tests on the oscillating period of the wave union launcher, as well as the overall performance of the TDC; test results indicate that the IFTE works well. In fact, in the implementation of this encoder, no manual routing or special constraints were required; therefore, this IFTE structure could also be further applied in other delay-chain-based FPGA TDCs.     

45kHz,2kV电光调制电路的设计与应用

根据差分相移量子密钥分发实验对高速电光调制电路的需求,利用固体开关技术和变压器隔离技术,设计出了重复频率为45kHz、输出脉冲电压达到2kV的电光调制电路,该电光调制电路由两部分组成,正负1kV高压脉冲产生电路,其中正1kV高压脉冲的上升沿为50.44ns,下降沿为44.6ns,负1kV高压脉冲下降沿为52.29ns,上升沿为50.44ns。普克尔盒调制电路与光路进行联调,光路的消光比达到23dB,完全满足了消光比为20dB的实验需求。