肺隔离症合并食管癌同期手术治疗一例

肺隔离症是一种少见的先天性肺疾患，其肺外型虽常合并先天性心脏病、膈疝、消化道畸形等先天性畸形，但合并食管癌罕见。我院为1例肺隔离症合并食管癌的患者实行了同期手术。     

纤维板层型肝癌二例报道及文献复习

Objective To investigate the clinical features,imaging and pathologic findings of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC).Methods Clinical data from 2 patients with FL-HCC confirmed by operation were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 1 man and 1 woman,both of them were younger than 40 years.The man had hepatitis B,the woman did not have underlying hepatitis.The 2 patients had a normal hepatic function and α-fetoprotein level.Under dynamic contrast material-enhanced computed tomography,hepatic arterial phase CT images demonstrated heterogeneous enhancement of the tumor.Calcification was depicted in the CT images of 1 patients.Both of them underwent a successful operation.After 8 months of follow-up,1 patient had recurrence.And the other patient had no evidence of recurrence during 16 months follow-up time.Conclusion FL-HCC is a rare liver tumor that has distinct clinicopathologic features comparing with hepatocellular carcinoma.Most of FL-HCC occurs in young patients with normal level of α-fetoprotein and no history of hepatitis.Tumors may have calcification and become predominantly on hepatic arterial phase CT images.The most effective treatment for FL-HCC is surgical resection and prognosis is good.     

食管癌及癌旁组织p53蛋白、VEGF及MVD联合检测的临床意义

目的讨论食管癌及癌旁组织中MVD、VEGF和p53蛋白表达与食管癌临床、病理因素之间的关系,探讨其表达在食管癌患者转移、预后中的作用,并为以食管癌血管生成为靶点的靶向治疗提供理论基础。方法采用免疫组织化学方法,检测30例食管癌患者手术切除标本中癌灶、癌近旁、癌远旁组织的p53蛋白、VEGF的表达,并用FⅧ相关抗原标记、检测MVD。进行统计学分析,探讨其在性别、年龄、临床分期、淋巴结转移、生存率中的关系。结果①癌灶内VEGF阳性染色主要位于癌细胞胞浆内,癌灶p53蛋白阳性染色主要位于癌细胞胞核内,呈棕褐色。肿瘤内血管分布呈明显异质性,在癌组织浸润的边缘较密集,p53蛋白、VEGF、MVD与食管鳞癌关系在性别、年龄、TNM中无显著性差异。但在不同部位、有无淋巴结转移和5年生存率中有显著的统计学差异。②p53蛋白与VEGF表达有显著相关性（P〈0．05）。③p53、VEGF表达与MVD相关性具有显著统计学差异。结论在食管鳞癌组织及癌近旁、癌远旁组织中p53蛋白、VEGF、MVD均有不同程度表达,阳性表达率有显著性差异。联合检测可作为食管鳞癌恶性潜能的重要生物学指标．并为食管癌手术切除长度从一个新的角度提供参考及理论基础,并可作为其判断预后的重要生物学指标,并为以血管生成为靶点的靶向治疗提供参考。     

肝细胞腺瘤和肝腺瘤病11例诊治分析

目的 探讨肝细胞腺瘤(hepatocellular adenoma,HCA)及肝腺瘤病(liver adenomatosis,LA)的临床表现、治疗方法和预后.方法 回顾性分析经手术治疗的10例HCA及1例LA患者的临床资料.结果 本组女性发病居多,共7例(63.6％),1例女性肝腺瘤病患者有口服避孕药病史.全组中位发病年龄33(范围25～70)岁.多数无临床症状(72.7％).肿瘤标记物CA19-9和甲胎蛋白(AFP)正常.超声造影、CT及磁共振(MRI)增强扫描多提示病灶动脉期强化,门脉期、延迟期去强化.组织病理提示10例为单发病灶,诊断HCA,其中1例肿瘤细胞轻度异型及不典型增生,1例存在细胞不典型增生,1例细胞生长活跃;另外1例为多发病灶,细胞存在异型,诊断肝腺瘤病.11例患者均经手术切除,经随访21～125个月,无复发.结论 HCA患者多无明显临床表现,肝脂肪变性可能为HCA和LA的共同病因,口服避孕药物可能为LA的病因.动态影像学检查有助于诊断,HCA有病灶破裂出血及癌变危险,首选手术治疗,预后良好.     

新辅助化疗对结直肠癌肝脏转移瘤肝切除术后的影响

目的探讨新辅助化疗对结直肠癌肝脏转移瘤肝切除术后的影响。方法结直肠癌肝脏转移瘤患者57例,分为术前行新辅助化疗组（A组）23例和直接手术组（B组）34例,对比分析其疗效。结果两组均无手术30 d内死亡病例。其中输血人数、住院天数、胆漏在A组明显高于B组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。呼吸系统并发症、循环系统并发症,两组差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。1、3、5年生存率A组分别为：83.3%,60.2%,37.5%,而B组分别为84.8%,68.2%,32.5%,两组差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。结论术前评估肝脏转移瘤可切除的患者,如无明显手术禁忌症可直接手术治疗,这样可减少相应的术后并发症。     

纤维板层型肝癌二例报道及文献复习

Objective To investigate the clinical features,imaging and pathologic findings of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC).Methods Clinical data from 2 patients with FL-HCC confirmed by operation were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 1 man and 1 woman,both of them were younger than 40 years.The man had hepatitis B,the woman did not have underlying hepatitis.The 2 patients had a normal hepatic function and α-fetoprotein level.Under dynamic contrast material-enhanced computed tomography,hepatic arterial phase CT images demonstrated heterogeneous enhancement of the tumor.Calcification was depicted in the CT images of 1 patients.Both of them underwent a successful operation.After 8 months of follow-up,1 patient had recurrence.And the other patient had no evidence of recurrence during 16 months follow-up time.Conclusion FL-HCC is a rare liver tumor that has distinct clinicopathologic features comparing with hepatocellular carcinoma.Most of FL-HCC occurs in young patients with normal level of α-fetoprotein and no history of hepatitis.Tumors may have calcification and become predominantly on hepatic arterial phase CT images.The most effective treatment for FL-HCC is surgical resection and prognosis is good.     

肝脏转移瘤研究现状及进展

肝脏是人体最大的实质性器官,有肝动脉、门静脉双重血供,故许多脏器的恶性肿瘤易发生肝转移,转移性肝癌是各种癌死亡的主要原因,在我国是原发性肝癌的1.2倍,在欧美则高达20倍[1],其死亡率高。转移性肝癌属于肿瘤晚期,     

腹膜后恶性外周神经鞘膜瘤13例临床病理分析

目的探讨腹膜后恶性外周神经鞘膜瘤(malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors,MPNST)的临床病理学特征,及H3K27me3在MPNST中的表达。方法回顾性分析13例MPNST的临床病理特征及预后情况;应用免疫组化法检测MPNST、滑膜肉瘤、去分化脂肪肉瘤及平滑肌肉瘤中H3K27me3的表达,并复习相关文献。结果 13例MPNST均为高级别,肿瘤平均直径20 cm;2年生存率约60%;5年生存率约30%;与NF-1相关型及散发型相比,放疗(radiation therapy,RT)相关型具有较差的预后(P0.05);复发及远处转移患者具有较差的预后(P0.05);年龄对患者生存率无明显影响(P0.05)。免疫组化结果显示13例MPNST中11例H3K27me3表达缺失;且H3K27me3在MPNST中的表达与在滑膜肉瘤、去分化脂肪肉瘤及平滑肌肉瘤中的表达相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹膜后MPNST以高级别常见,肿瘤体积相对较大,预后较差;RT相关型、复发及远处转移是影响疾病生存率的重要因素;H3K27me3缺失更常见于高级别MPNST,可能是MPNST的有效标志物。     

直肠癌前切除术后吻合口复发治疗方式选择与预后分析

 目的　探讨适合直肠癌前切除术后吻合口复发的治疗方式以及不同治疗方法对预后的影响。 方法　回顾分析1999年1月至2009年12月收治的41例直肠癌前切除术后吻合口复发病例的临床资料,利用寿命表法计算中位生存时间和生存率,Kaplan-Meier法比较不同治疗方式对预后的影响,Log-rank检验差异性,以P＜0.01为有统计学意义。结果　41例中33例（80.5 %）3年内复发,中位生存时间23个月。根治手术率41.5 %（17／41）,根治手术与非根治手术的中位生存时间分别为49和18个月,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝12.245,P＝0.000）。31例接受放化疗病例的中位生存期（39个月）明显优于10例未接受放化疗的病例（9个月）,两组差异有统计学意义（χ2＝17.533,P＝0.000）。结论　直肠癌前切除术后吻合口复发绝大多数发生在术后3年内,根治性手术及放化疗能显著改善预后。