指背腱膜的解剖学研究

目的 探讨指背腱膜的构成特点及临床意义。方法 在30只成人尸体手标本上，通过模拟手术，对指背腱膜的构成特点进行了应用解剖学观测。结果 指背腱膜的构成复杂，其中的外侧腱束、外侧束、外侧腱和中央束在手指畸形的发生中有着特殊的临床意义。外侧腱束主要形成伸近节指间关节的功能解剖机制；其与外侧束形成的密切纤维联系而具有协同外侧腱的功能；该腱束与屈肌腱鞘有联系又使其具有平衡屈肌和伸肌肌力的作用。中央束在指背腱膜的整体协调、畸形的发生及矫正过程中起着重要的功能。结论 通过对指背腱膜的解剖研究，可以解释因指屈、伸肌腱平衡被破坏后所形成的畸形。     

残存指异位再植重建拇指功能

目的 应用残存指异位再植重建拇指,并观察其疗效.方法 对17例拇、手指毁损伤并皮肤缺损者,将残存指异位再植至拇指位置,同时行皮瓣移植修复虎口及皮肤缺损创面,重建拇指功能.术后进行系统的康复锻炼.结果 17例异位再植指全部存活.术后随访1～5年,手功能恢复按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评定:优3例,良11例,可3例;优良率为82.4%.结论 利用残存指异位再植的方法重建拇指功能,术后获得了良好的效果.     

高压氧在手外科创伤中的应用

目的探讨高压氧在手外科常见创伤中的应用与临床效果。方法2002年3月～2005年12月对手外科常见创伤:断指再植术后血管危象、肢体顽固性溃疡、手部骨折、肢体压砸伤等按常规治疗组和高压氧治疗组进行观察。结果断指再植术后血管危象常规治疗组和高压氧治疗组无明显差异(t检验,P>0.05);肢体顽固性溃疡、手部骨折、肢体压砸伤等的常规治疗组和高压氧治疗组差异有显著性(t检验,P<0.05)。结论高压氧在手外科常见创伤中合理选择应用,可以取得较好的临床效果。     

掌板关节囊松解术治疗压砸伤术后掌指关节屈曲障碍

Objective To discuss the application of volar plate joint capsule release to treat metacarpophalangeal joint flexion contracture caused by severe crush injury to the palm. Methods From September 2005 to June 2008, 8 cases with post-traumatic metacarpophalangcal joint flexion contracture caused by severe crush injury was treated with volar plate joint capsule release. Postoperatively the patients underwent keritherapy and functional exercise. They were followed up to evaluate recovery of metacarpopha]angeal joint flexion. Results All 8 patients had metacarpophalangeal joint flexion contracture of the middle finger. The joint flexion function was improved remarkably after the surgery. The joint movement limitation decreased to 0° to30°and the functional impairment reduced to 0% to 18%. Conclusion V olar plate joint capsule release is an excenent method to treat metacarpophalangeal joint flexion eontraeture caused by severe palm crush injuiy. It is easy to operate and leads to reliable results.     

吻合神经的拇指尺背侧皮神经筋膜蒂岛状皮瓣修复示指末节软组织缺损

目的观察应用吻合神经的拇指尺背侧皮神经筋膜蒂岛状皮瓣修复示指末节桡侧软组织缺损的临床效果。方法对15例示指末节桡侧软组织缺损病例,采用拇指尺背侧皮神经筋膜蒂岛状皮瓣,逆行移位至拇指近节近端尺侧,屈曲示指末节贴紧拇指近节尺侧固定,吻合拇指尺背侧皮神经与示指桡侧指固有神经,皮瓣带蒂修复创面,2、3周后断蒂。结果皮瓣全部成活,随访6～24个月,皮瓣质地柔软、弹性好、耐磨;指端饱满,色泽正常,两点辨别觉6.4￣9.6mm,11例感觉恢复至S3,4例至S4,外观及功能满意。结论应用吻合神经的拇指尺背侧皮神经筋膜蒂岛状皮瓣,术后效果良好,是修复示指末节桡侧软组织缺损较理想的手术方法。     

开放性跟腱断裂的治疗

目的了解开放性跟腱断裂手术方法及其疗效.方法对开放性跟腱断裂56例患者行改良津下（Tsuge）缝合法吻合跟腱或辅助游离深筋膜环行修复.结果56例患者均获随访,随访期9个月至2年,结果优良52例,中等3例,差1例（切口边缘皮肤坏死并轻度感染）.结论改良津下缝合法吻合跟腱或辅助游离深筋膜环行修复治疗开放性跟腱断裂具有良好的疗效.     

掌板关节囊松解术治疗压砸伤术后掌指关节屈曲障碍

Objective To discuss the application of volar plate joint capsule release to treat metacarpophalangeal joint flexion contracture caused by severe crush injury to the palm. Methods From September 2005 to June 2008, 8 cases with post-traumatic metacarpophalangcal joint flexion contracture caused by severe crush injury was treated with volar plate joint capsule release. Postoperatively the patients underwent keritherapy and functional exercise. They were followed up to evaluate recovery of metacarpopha]angeal joint flexion. Results All 8 patients had metacarpophalangeal joint flexion contracture of the middle finger. The joint flexion function was improved remarkably after the surgery. The joint movement limitation decreased to 0° to30°and the functional impairment reduced to 0% to 18%. Conclusion V olar plate joint capsule release is an excenent method to treat metacarpophalangeal joint flexion eontraeture caused by severe palm crush injuiy. It is easy to operate and leads to reliable results.     

FK506对许旺细胞体外增殖和分泌NGF的影响

目的 研究FK506促进许旺细胞体外增殖及对许旺细胞(SOs)分泌NGF的影响. 方法 将纯化的许旺细胞分6组:A组(空白对照组):含10%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12;B组:0.1 ng/mlFK506;C组:0.5 ng/ml FK506;D组:1.0 ng/ml FK506;E组:5.0 ng/mk FK506;F组:10 ng/ml FK506.将许旺细胞于倒置显微镜下观察并用S-100蛋白免疫组化染色鉴定;MTT法筛选FK506促SCs增殖的最佳作用浓度;流式细胞仪检测SCs周期;ELISA法检测培养72 h后SCs的NGF的分泌量. 结果 MTT法筛选:0.5 ng/ml FK506为促进SCs增殖的最佳作用浓度;当FK506浓度大于1.0 ng/ml时,SCs的生长活性逐渐下降并随着FK506浓度的逐渐增高,SCs的生长活性受抑制作用逐渐加强.流式细胞仪检测:含10%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养24 h、48 h、72 h,SCs S期百分比分别为:27.8%,39.3%和58.4%;0.5 ng/mlFK506培养24 h、48 h、72 h,SCs S期百分比分别为:54.2%、60.3%和94.6%.EUSA法检测FK506促SCs增殖后表达NGF的实验研究中发现:0.5 ng/ml FK506作用72 h后的SCs所分泌的NGF高达0.188 ng/ml. 结论 FK506应用于体外培养的SCs初期就能促进SCs增殖并使其保持良好的活性而高分泌NGF.     

双前臂残端断指异位再植重建部分手功能一例

患者男,18岁,工人.因机器压伤致双前臂远端、腕掌部毁损伤1 h入院.检查:双前臂远端、腕掌部及双拇指、示指近节皮肤软组织严重挫伤碎裂,桡、尺骨远端、腕掌骨及拇指指骨均呈粉碎开放性骨折脱位,双侧中、环、小指相对完好但无血运,其中右环、小指指蹼尚完整,右小指掌尺侧有一宽约1.5cm 皮肤软组织与前臂相连(图1,2).     

砪趾C形皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损

手部皮肤缺损为手外科常见的外伤之一,约有1/3的患者需行皮肤移植术[1].特别是当手指皮肤出现"C"形缺损时,临床处理较为困难.自2006年3月以来,我院对7例手指皮肤"C"形缺损的患者,采用MU砪趾"C"形皮瓣游离移植修复,术后皮瓣全部存活.