缺氧／复氧对兔肾动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响

目的 探讨缺氧／复氧对肾动脉内皮依赖性一氧化氮(NO)和内皮衍性超极化因子(EDHF)途径舒张功能的影响。方法 采用器官槽法，以兔肾动脉环为研究对象，首先抑制PGI2舒张途径，然后再分别抑制NO和EDHF舒张途径，对给与血管环以缺氧／复氧处理，观察缺氧／复氧分别对NO和EDHF舒张途径的影响。结果 缺氧／复氧使NO途径的内皮依赖性舒张功能减退．而缺氧／复氧对EDHF途径的内皮依赖性舒张功能无变化。结论 缺氧／复氧导致兔肾血管内皮衍性NO途径的舒张损伤．而对EDHF途径的舒张无影响。     

肾移植患者术后并发结核病12例诊治体会

肾移植术后患者为了预防排异反应 ,需要维持在一定的免疫抑制状态 ,在这种状态下易并发结核病 ,且有不典型性、播散快、病死率高等特点。本院 1986年 10月至 1999年 12月 ,共治疗肾移植术后结核病 12例 ,报道如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　 12例患者 ,男性 9例 ,女性 3例 ,年龄 2 4～5 2岁。肾移植术后常规使用环孢素 (ＣＳＡ) ,硫唑嘌呤 (Ａｚａ)或骁悉 (ＭＭＦ)、强的松 (Ｐｒｅｄ)三联用药 ,预防排斥反应。 12例术前均无结核病史 ,术后 2～ 4个月发病 3例 ,5～ 18个月 8例 ,49个月 1例。临床表现均为不明原因发热 ,体温 39～40 2℃ ,…     

老年亲属供肾肾移植临床效果分析

目的 了解老年人供肾亲属肾移植临床效果. 方法 回顾性分析我院肾移植科2005年11月至2011年6月亲属活体肾移植的临床资料,按供者情况分为老年亲属供肾组36例(老年组),非老年亲属供肾组208例(非老年组).比较两组受者术后3d、7d、1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月、36个月血肌酐(SCr)水平和外科并发症、急性排斥、钙调磷酸酶抑制剂(CNI)肾毒性、移植肾功能延迟(DGF)发生率,并观察1年、3年人和(或)肾存活率. 结果 老年组受者SCr术后3d为(245.2±135.2)μmol/L、7d为(150.5±86.8)μmol/L、1个月为(140.6±42.5)μmol/L,高于非老年组的(185.6±148.4)μmol/L、(122.2±136.8)μmol/L、(117.8±33.2)μmol/L(分别为t=84.07、31.90、21.54,均P=0.000);CNI肾毒性发生率分别为22.2％(8/36)、1.9％(4/208),差异有统计学意义(x2=27.04,P=0.000);但两组受者术后3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月、36个月SCr水平和外科并发症、急性排斥、DGF发生率及1年、3年人和(或)肾存活率比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05). 结论 术前对老年供者进行严格筛选和综合评估,健康老年人亲属供者不应作为供者禁忌;但对老年人供肾亲属肾移植受者应注意CNI肾毒性.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

多层螺旋CT肾血管成像在亲属活体供肾术前评价中的应用价值

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT肾血管成像(64-SCTRA)术前评价亲属活体供肾的临床价值。方法:拟行亲属活体供肾移植的供者84例,行64-SCTRA了解肾实质及肾脏血管情况,并将检查结果与术中所见相对照。结果:84例供者CT检查均获得满意图像。67例供者双侧肾动脉均为单支,17例供者一侧或双侧肾动脉伴有副肾动脉;14例供者发现肾动脉过早分支;肾动脉内斑块12例,其中11例管腔轻度狭窄,1例管腔中度狭窄;肾静脉双支5例。肾囊肿11例,肾结石4例,肾脏血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1例。除1例间质性肺炎、1例肾脏血管平滑肌脂肪瘤供者被剔除,其余82例行开放手术切取供肾,均获得成功。肾静脉、肾盂及输尿管64-SCTRA的检查结果与术中所见完全一致。64-SCTRA对肾动脉过早分支的检出率为100%。3例术中发现细小副肾动脉而64-SCTRA未报告。结论:64-SCTRA可对肾脏及肾血管进行充分评估,可作为供肾切取术前的常规检查项目。     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

红花黄色素改善移植肾早期肾功能疗效观察

目的探讨红花黄色素对肾移植受者移植肾功能恢复的影响。方法肾移植受者382例随机分为观察组231例和对照组151例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予红花黄色素氯化钠注射液100mL／次,2次／d,静脉滴注,连续7d。比较2组术后第1～7天24h尿量、血肌酐水平,术后第5、10天移植肾段动脉、叶间动脉血流阻力指数及肾功能延迟恢复与术后3个月内急性排斥反应发生率。结果观察组术后肾功能延迟恢复发生率（5．63％）低于对照组（11．26％）（P〈0．05）,急性排斥反应发生率（6．49％）与对照组（8．61％）比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;观察组术后第1～6天24h尿量较对照组明显增多（P〈0．05）,术后第1～5天血肌酐水平较对照组低（P〈0．05）;观察组术后第5、10天移植肾段动脉、叶间动脉血流阻力指数均低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论肾移植术后应用红花黄色素可降低肾功能延迟恢复发生率,促进移植肾功能的早期恢复。     

电刺激联合盆底肌训练治疗女性压力性尿失禁合并特发性逼尿肌过度活动的疗效观察

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) and pelvic floor training (PFT) for female with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods PFES and PFT were performed on 70 women (average age 40±7 years old) with IDO and SUI for twelve weeks. Urinary diary, International Continence In-quiring Committee's Questionnaire (ICI-Q-SF) scores were recorded and urodynamic study was per-formed before and after the treatment. Results Fifty women (71%) finally completed treatment for twelve weeks. Urinary incontinence disappeared in 8 (16%), detrusor overactivity disappeared in 10 (20 %). The leakage was not found in 6 (12 %) in leakage point pressure measurement. Moreover, the frequency of voiding (28±5 times/72 h), frequency of leakage (10±5 times/72 h), total scores of ICI-Q-SF(10±3), max detrusor uninhibited contraction pressure (18±8 cmH20) and detrusor unin-hibited contraction duration (8±3 s) were significantly lower than those before treatment (43±8 times/72 h, 20±6 times/72 h, 17±3, 27±9 cm H2O and 13±6s,P<0.01). Maximal voided vol-ume(225±48 ml), normal desired cystometric capacity (210±48 ml), maximal cystometric capacity (247±48 ml), Valsalva leak point pressure (94±11 cm H2O) and maximal urethral closure pressure (59±8 cm H2O) were significantly higher than those before treatment (159±37 ml, 141±39ml, 178±36ml, 81±15 cm H2O and 55±8 cm H2O, P<0.01). The effective rate during three months follow up was 60%, similar to time after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Pelvic floor electrical stimulation and pelvic floor training could be a useful therapy to treat women with IDO and SUI. It is both convenient and economical.     

钛轮钉吻合技术在大鼠肾移植模型中的应用

大鼠肾移植模型是进行器官保存和移植免疫研究必不可少的组成部分[1-2]。大鼠肾移植模型建立的方法很多,但是由于大鼠血管细小、血管壁薄,对技术要求很精细。钛轮钉吻合技术多用于尿毒症患者的自体动静脉内瘘[3],众所周知,供肾缺血时间延长会加重肾脏缺血再灌注损伤,影响移植肾功能,