2-甲氧基丙烯生产中有关体系的共沸点研究

利用基于精馏原理的加压共沸点测定装置，测定了2-甲氧基丙烯(MPP)与甲醇或丙酮二元体系在减压、常压及加压条件下的共沸点数据，并对数据进行了关联。从关联的结果可知，该体系共沸组成与共沸温度、压力的对数及共沸温度的倒数均呈良好的线性关系，计算结果与实验值符合良好。随着压力的降低，这两个二元体系中MPP的含量都增加，说明在减压条件下更利于MPP的分离和提纯。特别是MPP-丙酮体系，在49．7kPa下，其MPP的摩尔分数已达到0．997。这项研究为MPP工业化过程中共沸混合物的分离、提纯，以及共沸精馏、反应精馏等工艺与装置的研究与设计提供了重要的基础数据和参考依据。     

水-乙醇-1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑乙酸盐三元体系汽液平衡测定及模型

Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were measured for ternary system water + ethanol + 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium acetate ([bmim][OAc]), in a relatively wide range of ionic liquid (IL) mass fractions up to 0.8. Six sets of complete T-x-y data were obtained, in which the mole fraction of ethanol on IL-free basis was fixed separately at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and approximate 0.98. The non-random-two-liquid (NRTL) and electrolyte non-random-two-liquid (eNRTL) equations were used for correlation, showing similar deviations. The ternary VLE was also modeled with the correlation from two data sets, with the mole fractions of ethanol on IL-free basis being 0.1 and approximate 0.98. The VLE data were also reproduced satisfactorily. With the eNRTL model, the root-mean-square deviation for temperature is 0.79 K and that for vapor-phase mole fraction is 0.0094. The calculations are in good agreement with experimental data. The effect of the IL on the VLE behavior of the volatile components is also illustrated.     

4-二乙（甲）胺基苯甲醛溴代反应研究

以NBS为溴代剂,使用单因素法考察原料比、反应时间、反应温度和反应溶剂等工艺条件对4-二乙（甲）胺基苯甲醛溴代反应收率的影响,并对其合成工艺进行了优化。使用核磁、GC-MS、红外等对产物结构进行确认和表征,同时测定了固体产物的熔点。实验发现4-二乙（甲）胺基苯甲醛在溴代反应中,伴随着甲基或乙基的断裂。     

应用于离子液体体系汽液平衡测定的液相配制、气相分析方法

面向离子液体应用于萃取精馏，讨论了离子液体体系汽液平衡测定的液相配制、气相分析方法，提出了改进的气相回流器和沸腾器结构。基本思路来源于韩世钧先生研究团队发展的汽液平衡测定的拟静态法和置换法，以及能够主动提供气化中心的沸腾器结构。提出了液相组成计算方法和误差估计，适用于含多个挥发性组分和多个非挥发性组分体系的任意组分。上述方法能够实测获得挥发性组分的活度系数，并避免较为繁琐的含离子液体液相的分析。通过连续配制测定，能够获得活度系数随组成的变化规律，并应用于萃取精馏溶剂性能的评价及筛选。     

SOLUBILITIES OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN MIXTURES OF n-DECANE-n-HEXADECANE AND n-HEPTANE-TOLUENE

Solubilities of CO_2 in binary mixtures of n-decane-n-hexadecane and n-heptane-toluenewere measured in a glass apparatus by a synthetic method.Henry's constants at several temperaturesand solvent compositions were reported.While the Henry's constants of CO_2 in mixtures of decaneand hexadecane can be satisfactorily predicted by a simple linear interpolation,prediction of Henry'sconstants for CO_2 in mixtures of heptane and toluene requires excess Gibbs energy of the solvent mix-tures.The standard thermodynamic functions of solution(ΔH~0,ΔG~0,and ΔS~0)were reported.     

芥酸甲酯氧化制备十三烷二酸

提出了一条芥酸甲酯氧化制备十三烷二酸的新工艺路线:以过氧化氢和氧气为氧化剂,芥酸甲酯经烯键环氧化、环氧水解、邻二醇氧化裂解等反应制备十三烷二酸。着重研究了烯键环氧化和环氧水解反应中,影响烯键环氧化反应收率和中间产物羟基值的条件参数。结果表明:含邻二醇的中间产物的羟基值越高,十三烷二酸的总体收率越高;采用新工艺路线,十三烷二酸的总收率达到70.3%,具有工业化应用前景。     

缔合体系在恒定组成下的汽液平衡研究

用ＳＧ－１型双循环汽液平衡釜和沸点仪装置测定了乙酸－四氯化碳、乙酸－正庚烷、四氯化碳－正庚烷二元体系和乙酸－四氯化碳－正庚烷三元体系在３１８￣３４８Ｋ下恒定液相组成的汽液平衡数据。在裣旷工人对每组数据用Ａｎｔｏｉｎｅ方程作了关联,压力的关联值与实测值的最在的平均相对偏差为０．１３％,根据实测值分别推算了各个体系在实验温度范围内的等温汽液平衡,其中含乙酸的体系考虑到缔合效应,汽相采用双分子缔合模型,     

炭系填充型导电复合材料电性能的研究

采用以醇酸树脂、碳黑-石墨系导电填料、溶剂和助剂制备了填充型导电复合材料,其表面电阻RS低于70 Ω.考察了导电填料粒径、填料质量分数、填料的热处理、填料分散度,以及混合填料对填充型导电复合材料电性能的影响.在SEM上观测了导电复合材料形貌,通过计算,发现碳黑和石墨组成的混合填料的分散性优于单一填料的分散性.     

Measurement and modeling of vapor-liquid equilibrium for ternary system water + 2-propanol + 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride简

Vapor-liquid equilibrium （VLE） data for water ＋ 2-propanol ＋ 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride （[bmim]Cl） were measured. Six sets of complete T, x, y data are reported, in which the 2-propanol mole fraction on IL-free basis is fixed separately at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and approximate 0.98, while the IL mass fraction is varied from 0.1 to 0.8, in an interval of 0.1. The non-random-two-liquid （NRTL） and electrolyte non-random-two-liquid （eNRTL） equations are used to correlate the experimental data with satisfactory results. The ternary VLE behavior is also modeled with the parameters obtained by correlating two data sets, in which the mole fraction of 2-propanol on IL-free basis is approximately 0.1 and 0.98. In this way, the six sets of data are reproduced satisfactorily. With the eNRTL model, the root-mean-square deviation for temperature is 0.82 K and that for vapor-phase mole fraction is 0.0078. The influences of IL on activity coefficients and relative volatility of the volatile components are also graphically illustrated.     

变压器油中溶解气体在线监测综述

变压器油中溶解气体的分析是获取变压器运行状态的重要手段之一。综述了国内外变压器油中溶解气体在线监测技术的现状,提出了目前存在的问题及今后的发展方向。