8相位256×256衍射微透镜的设计与制作

介绍了衍射微透镜阵列的设计原理与制作工艺方法,在此基础上研制出适用于3～5μm波长256×256PtSi红外焦平面的8相位256×256硅衍射微透镜阵列,阵列中微透镜的孔径为50μm,透镜F数为f/2.5,微透镜阵列的中心距为50μm.实测衍射效率大于80%,能在红外波前传感器中较好应用.     

Thixoforming of SiC ceramic matrix composites in pseudo-semi-solid state

1INTRODUCTIONIt has great economic profit to exploit the uti-lization of SiC ceramic material for its strength,hardness,wear resistance,corrosion resistanceand high temperature resistance,abundant re-source and low price.But the brittle charactergreatly restricts its application in the field of engi-neering structure materials.Recently a series ofceramic matrix composites with exi mious perform-ance have been developed by reinforcing the matrixmaterial with other materials.Al/SiC is a la…     

生物质型煤的燃烧特性和影响因素

利用热分析仪和自行设计的实验台研究了生物质型煤的燃烧特性.结果表明:无烟煤生物质型煤中生物质分解释放速率快于烟煤生物质型煤,且无烟煤生物质型煤出现两个放热峰,分别为生物质分解、挥发分燃烧和固定碳分解所致,而烟煤生物质型煤仅一个放热峰.原料煤煤种和炉膛温度对生物质型煤的燃烧特性有明显影响,烟煤型煤燃烧特性优于无烟煤型煤;炉膛温度越高,生物质型煤燃烧失重率越大.     

单颗粒生物质型煤燃烧影响因素研究

通过自行设计的实验台研究了生物质型煤的燃烧特性,实验结果表明:单颗粒生物质型煤的燃烧过程可以明显的分为挥发分燃烧和固定碳燃烧2个阶段。炉膛温度和成型压力对生物质型煤的燃烧特性均有影响,炉膛温度越高,生物质型煤燃烧失重率越大。在实验成型压力范围内,成型压力对生物质型煤燃烧速度没有明显影响。     

Effect of Zr content on quench sensitivity of AlZnMgCu alloys

The effect of Zr content on quench sensitivity of AlZnMgCu alloys was investigated by mechanical properties testing and microstructure observations. The results show that with the increase of Zr the quench sensitivity relative to hardness and strength increases, while that relative to elongation decreases. From hardness and strength viewpoints, the low quench sensitivity is observed for the Zr-free and 0.05% Zr-containing alloys, which is quite quench sensitive from the ductility viewpoint. The largest quench sensitivity relative to hardness and strength is observed for 0.1% Zr-containing alloy, this is mainly due to large amount of high angle grain boundaries and incoherent Al3Zr dispersoids caused by recrystallization, which may efficiently promote heterogeneous precipitation during air quenching. More than 0.05% Zr can significantly decrease the quench sensitivity relative to ductility, which can be primarily attributed to recrystallization inhibiting and grain refining effects of Zr.     

Mechanism of strengthening of cube texture for high purity aluminum foils by additional-annealing

1　INTRODUCTIONHighpurityaluminumfoilsareusedastheanodematerialofhighvoltageelectrolyticcapacitorswhichneedstrongcubetexture { 0 0 1}〈10 0〉forlargeeffec tivesurfacefromchanneletching[1] .Becauseofitstechnicalimportance ,alotofeffortshavebeenmadetodevelopstrongcubetextureinhigh purityalu minumfoils[2 8] .Itwasfoundthatthecubetextureinthefoilscanbestrengthenedviaanannealingpro cessfollowedbyalowcoldrolling[7,8] ,andsuchanannealingiscalledadditional annealinginthispaper .Buttherewerefewinv…     

淬火速率对AlZnMgCu(Zr)合金断裂行为的影响

通过室温力学性能测试,光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了淬火速率对AlZnMgCu(Zr)合金断裂行为的影响.结果表明:含Zr小于0.1%合金随着淬火速率的降低,由穿晶破断和沿晶开裂的混合型断裂逐渐转变成沿晶断裂;其主要原因是淬火速率降低使晶界无沉淀析出带(PFZ)宽化.含Zr大于等于0.1%的合金随着淬火速率的降低由穿晶破断为主的断裂逐渐转变成沿晶开裂和穿晶剪切的混合型断裂;沿晶断裂的产生主要是由于晶界无沉淀析出带宽化;穿晶剪切主要是由于慢速淬火过程中晶粒内部析出了大量粗大的η平衡相.     

固溶后预析出对7A55铝合金力学及腐蚀性能的影响

采用硬度测试、电导率测试及透射电镜观察，研究固溶后降温至440℃预析出处理时间对7A55铝合金板材力学和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：随预析出处理时间的延长，基体析出相逐渐增多且长大，导致合金时效后硬度和强度先提高而后降低；晶界析出相逐渐长大，晶界无沉淀析出带宽化，晶界相不连续性先提高而后降低，导致合金抗晶问腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能也先升高而后降低。     

淬火介质对7055铝合金晶界析出行为的影响

采用透射电镜研究了淬火介质对7055铝合金晶界析出相及无沉淀析出带的影响。结果表明，空气淬火时，合金冷却过程在晶界上析出η平衡相。合金经室温水淬及沸水淬火合金时效后，晶界析出相尺寸差别小，呈链状连续分布；晶界无沉淀，析出带较窄，平均宽度分别约为33nm和43nm。空气淬火合金时效后晶界析出相尺寸差别较大，呈不连续分布；晶界无沉淀，析出带很宽，约102nm。对其原因进行了分析和讨论。     

Zn含量对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金挤压棒材耐剥落腐蚀性能的影响

通过剥落腐蚀浸泡实验和极化曲线测试,研究了Zn含量对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金挤压棒材耐剥落腐蚀性能的影响,结合金相显微镜、扫描电镜、扫描透射电镜等微观组织表征方法对影响机理进行了分析和讨论。结果表明:Zn含量(质量分数)由7.93%增至9.85%时,棒材剥落腐蚀抗力下降,剥落腐蚀等级由EA变成EC,最大腐蚀深度由334 μm增至579 μm。Zn含量增加,合金中粗大第二相数量增加,时效后晶界η相尺寸和间距变小、Zn和Mg含量增加,是耐剥落腐蚀性能下降的主要原因。