A novel cysteine-sparing G73A mutation of NOTCH3 in a Chinese CADASIL family

neurogenetics - Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic disease leading to stroke and vascular dementia....     

在动态模拟体液中致密CaP陶瓷表面形貌对类骨磷灰石层形成的影响研究

磷酸钙陶瓷植入体内后其表面类骨磷灰石层的形成是诱导成骨的先决条件。本实验在模拟体液 (Simu-lated body fluid,SBF)以人体骨骼肌组织的正常生理流率 (2 ml/ 10 0 m l· min)下 ,研究在动态 SBF中致密磷酸钙陶瓷表面形貌对类骨磷灰石层形成的影响。结果表明 :在生理流速条件下 ,材料的粗糙表面有利于类骨磷灰石层的形成 ,加大 SBF中 Ca2 +、HPO4 2 -离子浓度 ,类骨磷灰石层的形成速度加快。本研究进一步证实了材料的几何形貌对类骨磷灰石形成的影响 ,加深了对磷酸钙陶瓷在体内诱导成骨机理的理解     

补肾益智方治疗阿尔兹海默病的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的痴呆形式,目前缺少疾病修饰性的治疗药物。中医理论认为肾精亏虚是AD发生发展的内在机制,补肾益精是中医治疗AD的基本原则,贯穿AD治疗的始终。补肾益智方是治疗AD的临床经验方。补肾益智方治疗AD已有大量文献报道,但补肾益智方缺乏临床应用安全性评价,同时其基础研究薄弱,有效成分不明、多靶点作用机制不清。为阐明补肾益智方多成分、多靶点、多途径治疗AD的作用机制,该文综述了补肾益智方治疗AD的研究进展。进一步收集了16个基于高效液相色谱指纹图谱的补肾益智方主要化学成分,并对其成药性与安全性进行评价。利用基于AD重要病理生理学过程的网络药理学与文献综述相结合的方法,深入分析了补肾益智方靶向胆碱能系统、AD神经病理学特征的有效成分及可能机制。该研究为AD对症治疗、疾病修饰性治疗的药物研发提供了一系列有潜力的先导化合物,并为深入拓展补肾益智方的临床应用提供了理论依据。     

胃息肉证候与用药规律的文献研究

目的：探讨胃息肉（GP）的证候与用药规律,为该病临床辨证论治提供依据与方向。方法：检索国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）、中国学术期刊数据库（CSPD）、中文科技期刊数据库（CCD）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、Embase数据库和PubMed数据库,依据纳入和排除标准,纳入GP的中医临床研究。收集文献的辨证分型与处方用药,应用SPSS 22.0统计软件分析证候规律,应用中医传承辅助平台（V2.5）进行描述性统计、关联规则运算,分析用药规律。结果：共纳入文献53篇。脾胃阳虚证、肝胃不和证、脾胃湿热证、气滞痰阻证、脾胃气虚证为GP主要证候类型。GP病位在胃、脾、肝。GP常见病性类证素依次为气滞、湿、热、痰、气虚。GP中药处方包含中药共127味。在支持数为3、5、7和置信度为60%的筛选标准下进行关联规则分析,分别得到药物间关联规则365、69、28条,主要用药组合分别为30、17、14个。结论：GP为本虚标实、虚实夹杂之证,本虚主要是脾气（阳）虚,标实主要是气滞、湿热、痰阻,病位在脾胃,与肝密切相关,气滞、湿、热、痰、气虚是关键病理因素。GP以益气健脾为基本治法,辅以理气、除湿化痰、活血、清热等法,以六君子汤合丹参饮加减为基础方。     

医学类科技期刊应对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的策略分析——以《首都医科大学学报》为例

2020年,突如其来的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情严重危害人民的身体健康并影响正常的工作和生活,本研究通过分析总结《首都医科大学学报》编辑部疫情期间的应对方法,探讨医学类科技期刊应对此类突发公共卫生事件策略,以期更好地发挥自身高校科技期刊学术展示窗口优势,快速发布最新科研和临床研究成果。     

Post-synthetic modification of imine linkages of a covalent organic framework for its catalysis application

Post-synthetic modification has been the most powerful strategy for covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for their functionalization in many fields. This strategy is typically achieved through the quantitative reaction between existing reactive sites on the linkers (building units) and incoming functional groups. However, usage of linkages (bonds formed to construct COFs) for the post-synthetic modification still remains limited. Herein, we develop a new post-synthetic modification route that is based on the modification of linkages. With this strategy, the imine linkages of a two-dimensional (2D) COF, TFPPy–PyTTA–COF, have been transformed into amine linkages to give the amine-linked isostructure with retention of crystallinity and porosity. The subsequent aminolysis of the amine linkages with 1,3-propane sultone and further metathetical reaction with cobalt acetate [Co(OAc)₂] enable the introduction of cobalt alkyl sulfonate to the one-dimensional (1D) channel walls of the COF. The resulting ionic COF with coupled Co²⁺ in the frameworks shows excellent catalytic activity and good recyclability towards the cycloaddition reactions of epoxides and CO₂. This strategy is of interest as it opens a way to use linkage modification for exploring the potential of COFs for different applications.

A new approach for post-synthetic modification of covalent organic frameworks has been developed based on the modification of the linkages and the resulting COF exhibited excellent catalytic performance towards cycloaddition of epoxides and CO₂.     

抗氰戊菊酯淡色库蚊的抗性谱以及增效剂的作用

在室内用氰戊菊酯对采集于野外的淡色库蚊进行了选育,获得一个抗性高达6088倍的高抗性品系(RPy),并测定了该品系对常用杀虫剂的交互抗性以及增效剂作用。结果表明,RPy品系对7种拟除虫菊酯的交互抗性范围为6(胺菊酯)～140倍以上(反式-氯菊酯);对P,P′-DDT的交互抗性>388倍;对狄氏剂、乐果、敌百虫和残杀威的交互抗性为1～2倍;对丙体六六六、杀螟硫磷,甲基对硫磷,马拉硫磷、双硫磷和甲萘威的敏感度高于敏感品系。应用各种专一性抑制剂pb、TPP和DMC进行了活体增效作用的研究。结果表明,RPy品系对P,P′DDT的抗性主要与DDT脱氯化氢酶(DDTase)和多功能氧化酶(MFO)有关;对氰戊菊酯的抗性主要与MFO和酯酶有关。     

A nonlinear optical switch induced by an external electric field: inorganic alkaline–earth alkalide

Exploring a new type of nonlinear optical switch molecule with excess electron character is extremely important for promoting the application of excess electron compounds in the nonlinear optical (NLO) field. Here, we report external electric field (EEF) induced second-order NLO switch molecules of inorganic alkaline–earth alkalides, M(NH₃)₆Na₂ (M = Mg or Ca). The centrosymmetric structure of M(NH₃)₆Na₂ is destroyed in the presence of an EEF, and then a long-range charge transfer process occurs. It has been found that excess electrons are gradually transferred from one Na atom to the other Na atom through the inorganic metal cluster M(NH₃)₆. Finally, the excess electrons are completely located on one of the two Na atoms. In particular, the electronic contribution of the static first hyperpolarizability (β^e₀) for M(NH₃)₆Na₂ exhibits a large significant difference when the EEF is switched on. The β^e₀ value of M(NH₃)₆Na₂ is 0 when EEF = 0, while the peak β^e₀ values are 5.95 × 10⁶ (a.u.) for Mg(NH₃)₆Na₂ (EEF = 58 × 10⁻⁴ (a.u.)) and 1.83 × 10⁷ (a.u.) for Ca(NH₃)₆Na₂ (EEF = 53 × 10⁻⁴ (a.u.)). This work demonstrates that the compounds M(NH₃)₆Na₂ can serve as potential candidates for NLO switches.

The inorganic alkaline–earth alkalide M(NH₃)₆Na₂ (M = Mg or Ca) can serve as a potential candidate for a nonlinear optical switch.     

椎间打压植骨联合棘突椎板复合体回植内固定治疗退变性腰椎不稳症

目的研究椎间打压植骨联合棘突椎板复合体回植内固定治疗退变性腰椎不稳症的手术方法,以期为临床提供一种更为理想的手术模式。方法 1998年1月-2010年10月,采用后路椎管减压、椎间打压植骨联合棘突椎板复合体回植、后路椎弓根钉棒系统内固定术治疗退变性腰椎不稳症患者48例。男26例,女22例;年龄52～76岁,平均62.4岁。病程7个月～25年,平均6.5年。单节段不稳22例,L3、41例,L4、510例,L5、S111例;多节段不稳26例,L3、4、L4、5及L5、S15例,L2、3及L3、42例,L3、4及L4、510例,L4、5及L5、S19例。合并椎间盘突出32例,椎管狭窄46例,退变性脊柱侧弯16例。手术前后采用日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、植骨椎间隙融合、椎间隙高度及腰椎前凸角变化情况评定疗效。结果患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合;术中、术后未出现神经损伤、螺钉断裂、伤口感染等并发症。48例均获随访,随访时间1～6年。植骨椎间隙融合时间12～18周,平均16.2周。脊柱滑移或退变性侧弯得到纠正,基本恢复脊柱的正常序列。术前、术后6个月及末次随访时手术节段椎间隙高度分别为(5.2±2.3)、(11.9±2.0)、(11.6±2.1)mm;JOA评分分别为(3.2±2.1)、(12.8±1.6)、(13.6±1.2)分;腰椎前凸角分别为(—20.5±10.5)、(30.5±8.5)、(31.2±5.6)°。术后各指标均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6个月与末次随访时比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后6个月根据JOA改善率评定,获优36例,良10例,可2例,优良率95.8%。结论椎间打压植骨联合棘突椎板复合体回植内固定治疗退变性腰椎不稳症,手术方法有效可行,稳定性好,融合率高,是一种接近于解剖性重建的椎管成形术。     

北京市部分地区城乡老年人糖尿病现况调查

目的通过对老年人糖尿病患病率的调查，探讨老年人糖尿病的易患因素和特点。方法采取随机整群抽取调查法，调查农村老年人５１４例，城市４４６例，共９６０例。依据ＷＨＯ诊断标准及检测方法（氧化酶法）进行诊断和检测。结果老年人糖尿病总患病率为５９．４‰，城市７８．５‰，农村４２．８‰，城乡患病率差异有显著性（χ２值＝４．８１７，Ｐ值＜０．０５）。结论老年人糖尿病患病率城市明显高于农村，首要易患因素是肥胖和高胆固醇血症，特点是症状不典型并多有并存症