工程数据库模式设计的一种形式方法：尼杰森法

本文介绍一种新的建立数据模型的方法，叫做尼杰森信息分析法。ＮＩＡＭ是一种图形建模语言，所设计的概念模式能被映象成数据库模型。文中阐述了把ＮＩＡＭ概念模式映象成第五范式关系数据模型的步骤，叫做最优范式算法。     

Multiregional estimation of gross internal migration flows

"A multiregional model of gross internal migration flows is presented in this article. The interdependence of economic factors across all regions is recognized by imposing a non-stochastic adding-up constraint that requires total inmigration to equal total outmigration in each time period. An iterated system estimation technique is used to obtain asymptotically consistent and efficient parameter estimates. The model is estimated for gross migration flows among the Canadian provinces over the period 1962-86 and then is used to examine the likelihood of a wash-out effect in net migration models. The results indicate that previous approaches that use net migration equations may not always be empirically justified."     

Runtime analysis of an evolutionary algorithm for stochastic multi-objective combinatorial optimization

For stochastic multi-objective combinatorial optimization (SMOCO) problems, the adaptive Pareto sampling (APS) framework has been proposed, which is based on sampling and on the solution of deterministic multi-objective subproblems. We show that when plugging in the well-known simple evolutionary multi-objective optimizer (SEMO) as a subprocedure into APS, ε-dominance has to be used to achieve fast convergence to the Pareto front. Two general theorems are presented indicating how runtime complexity results for APS can be derived from corresponding results for SEMO. This may be a starting point for the runtime analysis of evolutionary SMOCO algorithms.     

Fractional brownian motion: a maximum likelihood estimator and its application to image texture

Fractals have been shown to be useful in characterizing texture in a variety of contexts. Use of this methodology normally involves measurement of a parameter H, which is directly related to fractal dimension. In this work the basic theory of fractional Brownian motion is extended to the discrete case. It is shown that the power spectral density of such a discrete process is only approximately proportional to |f|a instead of in direct proportion as in the continuous case. An asymptotic Cramer-Rao bound is derived for the variance of an estimate of H. Subsequently, a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) is developed to estimate H. It is shown that the variance of this estimator nearly achieves the minimum bound. A generation algorithm for discrete fractional motion is presented and used to demonstrate the capabilities of the MLE when the discrete fractional Brownian process is contaminated with additive Gaussian noise. The results show that even at signal-to-noise ratios of 30 dB, significant errors in estimation of H can result when noise is present. The MLE is then applied to X-ray images of the human calcaneus to demonstrate how the line-to-line formulation can be applied to the two-dimensional case. These results indicate that it has strong potential for quantifying texture.     

Practical observations on the methodology for determining 3-methyl-l-histidine using fluorescamine derivatives

The method for the detection and possible quantification of the unusual amino acid 3-methyl-l-histidine has been refined and elucidated. This is an essential prerequisite for the determination of its value as a robust unequivocal index of lean meat protein.     

轧制线材和棒材的现代技术：KOCKS三辊超精度钢及合金线材棒材产品轧制技术

引言为确保在市场上的地位,面向未来的钢厂正从大量生产标准钢种转向注重可带来高额价值的优质及有特色的钢产品。这种趋向是由于对钢材品种的要求越来越精细,特别是对产品的冶金特性、表面质量、公差及对产品整个断面和长度上性能均匀性要求越来越精确,而且还要求钢材生产及进一步加工具有经济性。