侧脑室注射五肽胃泌素对清醒狗胃运动效应的影响

近年来研究发现许多胃肠道激素在脑内广泛存在,起着神经递质或神经调质的作用。本工作用狗作慢性实验,观察侧脑室微量注射五肽胃泌素(G-5)对胃窦部运动的影响。 实验用5只成年健康狗,预先做慢性手术在胃窦部浆膜处缝一应变片传感器(Strain gauge),通过生理仪记录胃的运动。按Lim氏狗脑图谱在侧脑室埋植不锈钢导管。实验计算出侧脑注射胃泌素前后每10分钟收缩总波数及牧缩波总振幅变化的百分数。结果如下:     

多潘立酮在增强结肠运动中的作用

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on colon and compare with that of mosapride and cisapride.Methods ① In viva experiment:forty rats were divided into control,domperidone,mosapride,and cisapride groups with 10 in each group.Stran gauges were planted both in proximal and distal colons and colonic motor activities were recoded in conscious rats.② In vitro experiment:the prokinetics effects of dopamine or dopamine combined with domperidone on the contraction of isolated rat colon strips were recorded by tone-transducers in the thermostatic muscle bath.Results In viva experiments:① in the interdigestive period of resting,activities of rhythimic phasic contraction were recoded in colon at conscious rats,and ② it had been showed that dornperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of colon in dose-dependent manner.Compared with control group,the mean contraction amplitude of proximal colon and distal colon increased by 84.61% ± 7.26% and 76.37 % ± 8.47% in domeridone group,respectively,which was higher than those in mosapride group (50.32%±8.16% and 45.13%±7.16%,respectively),but as same as those in cisapride group (92.55% ± 8.37% and 81.27% ± 9.95%,respectively).In vitro experiments:① perfusion of dopamin (40 mg/ml) could significantly decrease the contraction of isolated colon strip by 91.56% ± 10.24% in comparison with Krebs-Ringer solution,and ① domperidone could block the relaxant effect of dopamin on the isolated colon strip.Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the colonic motor activities via antidopaminergic action.The effects of domperidone are similar as eisapride and greater than mosapride.     

胃动素对血管灌流大鼠离体胃运动的作用

通过血管灌流大鼠离体胃,探讨胃动素对胃运动的影响。结果表明:(1)胃动素可以明显地兴奋胃窦自发的胃运动;(2)胃动素抗血清可以完全消除胃动素兴奋胃窦运动的作用;(3)阿托品可以阻断胃动素兴奋胃窦运动的作用。上述结果提示,胃动素可特异性兴奋血管灌流大鼠胃窦收缩运动,该作用通过壁内胆碱能神经介导。     

用免疫组织化学PAP技术对胃窦及中枢神经系统胃泌素细胞定位观察

PAP技术即过氧化酶——抗过氧化酶法,对显示脑肠肽细胞及其定位具有较高敏感性。我们在免疫荧光组化方法基础上又建立此方法。 胃泌素是一种主要的脑肠肽,由胃泌素细胞合成、释放,在外周以胃窦分布最多,而中枢神经系统内是否有胃泌素存在,一直不能定论。不久前Loren等用免疫细胞方法证明大鼠脑中确有胃泌素细胞,我们实验室用RIA方法也测出狗中枢各脑区有胃泌素分布。本工作在此基础上用本实验室制备的高效特异免抗人胃泌素(G-17)血清,采用PAP方法观察猫胃窦部和大鼠中枢神经系统胃泌素细胞的分布。     

多潘立酮增强胃运动作用的中枢机制

目的　多潘立酮 (Domperidone ,Domp)是一种抗呕吐的促胃肠动力药 ,其抗呕吐作用部位的延髓最后区 (Areapostrema ,AP)的促动力作用至今未见报导。本工作旨在研究多潘立酮对延髓最后区兴奋胃消化间期移行性复合运动 (MMC)的作用及其作用途径。方法　在清醒大鼠进行实验 ,在胃窦缝植应力传感器 ,通过电桥与自动平衡记录仪记录胃窦的MMC运动。AP注射部位根据脑定位图谱的AP位置埋藏不锈钢注射管 ,观察AP注入Domp对胃MMC运动的中枢作用。结果　 1 消化间期胃窦MMC运动 (n =10 )　胃窦MMC周期为 10 2 5± 1 32min ,其中Ⅰ相时程为 3…     

生长抑素对奥迪括约肌运动的作用机制

目的了解徨长抑素影响败类迪括约肌运动的神经通路成分。方法建立奥迪括约股测压慢性实验动物模型,研究Ｍ受体阻断剂、α受体阻断剂、β受体阻断剂、５－ＨＴ４受体阻断剂、一氧化氮合酶抑制剂和河豚毒素对生长抑素调节奥迪括约肌运动的影响。结果阿托品、二乙胺盐酸甲酯和河豚毒素阻断生长抑素对括约肌的兴奋作用;Ｌ－精氨酸甲酯阻断生长抑素对括约肌的抑制作用。结论生长抑素通过胆碱能和５－羟色胺神经元组成的兴奋性神经通路,     

针刺对狗中枢神经系统和血清、胃窦粘膜胃泌素含量的影响(摘要)

<正> 近年来,发现许多胃肠道激素既存在于胃肠内分泌细胞,也存在于中枢神经系统内。这一事实导致产生"脑-肠轴"(brain-gut axis)的概念。胃泌素是一种具有较广泛生理功能的胃肠道激素,由胃窦G细胞释放,在消化过程中起着重要作用。同时,胃泌素也存在于脑细胞和迷走神经中,起着循环激素和神经递质的双重作用。关于这种肽类激素在脑中的分布及其生理功能,特别是针刺对脑胃泌素变化的影响以及它与外周胃泌素的关系,国内     

多潘立酮在增强结肠运动中的作用

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on colon and compare with that of mosapride and cisapride.Methods ① In viva experiment:forty rats were divided into control,domperidone,mosapride,and cisapride groups with 10 in each group.Stran gauges were planted both in proximal and distal colons and colonic motor activities were recoded in conscious rats.② In vitro experiment:the prokinetics effects of dopamine or dopamine combined with domperidone on the contraction of isolated rat colon strips were recorded by tone-transducers in the thermostatic muscle bath.Results In viva experiments:① in the interdigestive period of resting,activities of rhythimic phasic contraction were recoded in colon at conscious rats,and ② it had been showed that dornperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of colon in dose-dependent manner.Compared with control group,the mean contraction amplitude of proximal colon and distal colon increased by 84.61% ± 7.26% and 76.37 % ± 8.47% in domeridone group,respectively,which was higher than those in mosapride group (50.32%±8.16% and 45.13%±7.16%,respectively),but as same as those in cisapride group (92.55% ± 8.37% and 81.27% ± 9.95%,respectively).In vitro experiments:① perfusion of dopamin (40 mg/ml) could significantly decrease the contraction of isolated colon strip by 91.56% ± 10.24% in comparison with Krebs-Ringer solution,and ① domperidone could block the relaxant effect of dopamin on the isolated colon strip.Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the colonic motor activities via antidopaminergic action.The effects of domperidone are similar as eisapride and greater than mosapride.     

针灸治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎36例临床观察

目的 :观察针灸结合治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效。方法 :慢性萎缩性胃炎患者 3 6例 ,按中医辨证 ,分型施以针灸治疗。治疗前及治疗后均进行胃镜、体表胃电图、胃酸和胃蛋白酶血中胃泌素、血中前列腺素E及胃粘膜胃泌素细胞等理化指标检查。结果 :针灸治疗本病有较好的效果 ,显效好转率达 97.2 3 % ,临床症状消失率达 97.0 2 %。治疗后可使患者血中前列腺素E等防御性因子增强 ,使患者从胃内低酸转向正常状态 ,胃动力功能增强 ,胃电图幅值回升 ,并可促使胃泌素释放 ,有利于胃酸的分泌。此外 ,针灸治疗后G细胞数目和形态及胃镜组织活检病理结果也基本恢复至正常状态。结论 :针灸治疗萎缩性胃炎简便经济 ,无副作用 ,见效快 ,疗效肯定 ,可重复性强 ,具有一定的临床意义     

延髓最后区对犬消化间期移行性复合运动的调节作用

目的　探讨延髓最后区对胃肠消化间期移行性复合运动（MMC）及血浆胃动素水平的影响.方法　在8只犬的胃窦和十二指肠浆膜埋植应力传感器记录胃窦和十二指肠消化间期复合运动.在一侧股静脉内置慢性静脉插管供注射外源性胃动素.用RIA法测定血浆胃动素含量.观察：（1）消化间期正常MMC活动和血浆胃动素浓度变化；（2）电损毁延髓最后区对MMC活动和血浆胃动素水平的影响；（3）电损毁延髓最后区对外源性胃动素启动MMC Ⅲ相收缩作用的影响.结果　（1）正常犬消化间期出现典型的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ相MMC.MMC Ⅲ相与血浆胃动素释放高峰同步发生.（2）电损毁延髓最后区后, 胃窦和十二指肠MMC的收缩运动明显抑制,MMC Ⅰ相延长,Ⅱ、Ⅲ相明显缩短,失去了损毁前MMC周期性﹑时相性和移行性的特点,血浆胃动素浓度明显降低,外源性静脉注射胃动素不能启动MMC Ⅲ相收缩.结论　延髓最后区对消化间期 MMC的周期发生和移行有重要的调控作用,其作用途径与胃动素介导有关.