中西医结合治疗44例反流性食管炎患者的临床效果观察

目的：探讨和研究中西医结合疗法对反流性食管炎患者的疗效。方法：摘取我院近年来收治的44例反流性食管炎患者的临床资料作为研究对象，以随机双盲法将之随机分为观察组和对照组各22例，其中对照组采用奥美拉唑联合莫沙必利进行治疗，观察组则在此基础上加用中药汤剂进行治疗，治疗结束后统计并对比两组患者的治疗结果。结果：两组患者治疗结果对比显示，观察组的显效率和总有效率均明显高于对照组，停药4周后的复发率明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：中西医结合治疗的方式能够很好的治疗反流性食管炎，减少复发率，相较于单纯采用西药治疗的效果显著，值得在临床上加以推广和应用。     

急性心血管事件院前急救的应急策略及流程探讨

Objective To study the strategy and process of out-hospital emergency care of acute cardiovascular events. Methods One hundred and eighty-three patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College were prospectively studied. The patients were divided into two groups according to the different ways of out-hospital care, one group consisted of patients who received first-aid care after calling " 120" (94 cases), another was self-aid group consisting of patients sent to hospital by relatives (89 cases). The proportion of persons with higher than high school education and better knowledge for emergency care of patients with heart disease in first-aid group was higher than self-aid group (50. 0% vs. 29. 2%, 83.0% vs. 60. 7%, both P<0. 05). When the patients were brought to the emergency room, they were all treated according to our standard procedure and then registered. All patients were followed up at the end of first and third month after illness. Results Cardiovascular events were mainly myocardial infarction (61.7%) among 183 patients. There were statistically significant differences between two groups in self-aid response time, first disposal time and out-hospital rescuing time [(32.3 ± 5.6) minutes vs. (89.6±8.4) minutes, (47.3±7.3) minutes vs. (149.8±13.5) minutes, (61.7±8.3) minutes vs. [(149.8±13.5) minutes, all P<0. 01], but no difference was found in in-hospital rescuing time [(29. 9±5.3) minutes vs. (31.1±4.5) minutes, P>0. 05]. Morbidity rate was lower in first-aid group than self-aid group in 1st and 3rd month, respectively (2.1% vs. 9. 0%, 4. 2% vs. 12.4%, both P<0. 05). Conclusion Excellent emergency system and procedure can shorten initial disposal time and out-hospital rescuing time, thus improve patients' prognosis. The education level and health knowledge of patients and their raletives directly affect their mode of arriving hospital and prognosis.     

中老年人群踝臂指数减低的相关因素研究

目的探讨40岁以上中老年人群踝臂指数(ABI)减低的发生率及与其他心血管病危险因素之间的关系。方法采用横断面研究,入选自2008年3月至2009年11月来我院门诊就诊及体检的40岁以上中老年人群,检测ABI并调查患者的一般资料及心血管病危险因素,分析患者ABI减低的发生率及相关的危险因素。结果共入选符合条件的对象1040例,男性620例,女性420例,年龄40岁～89岁,平均年龄55.65±10.39岁,男性平均56.81±11.23岁,女性平均53.93±8.64岁。ABI减低的发生率为13.3%(138/1040),其中男性为11.1%(69/620),女性为16.4%(69/420)。经logistic多变量回归分析后,ABI减低的独立相关危险因素是女性,年龄、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、吸烟史。结论ABI减低与心血管疾病及传统心血管病危险因素密切相关,可作为心血管病危险人群的一种无创、简单筛查手段。     

急性心血管事件院前急救的应急策略及流程探讨

Objective To study the strategy and process of out-hospital emergency care of acute cardiovascular events. Methods One hundred and eighty-three patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College were prospectively studied. The patients were divided into two groups according to the different ways of out-hospital care, one group consisted of patients who received first-aid care after calling " 120" (94 cases), another was self-aid group consisting of patients sent to hospital by relatives (89 cases). The proportion of persons with higher than high school education and better knowledge for emergency care of patients with heart disease in first-aid group was higher than self-aid group (50. 0% vs. 29. 2%, 83.0% vs. 60. 7%, both P<0. 05). When the patients were brought to the emergency room, they were all treated according to our standard procedure and then registered. All patients were followed up at the end of first and third month after illness. Results Cardiovascular events were mainly myocardial infarction (61.7%) among 183 patients. There were statistically significant differences between two groups in self-aid response time, first disposal time and out-hospital rescuing time [(32.3 ± 5.6) minutes vs. (89.6±8.4) minutes, (47.3±7.3) minutes vs. (149.8±13.5) minutes, (61.7±8.3) minutes vs. [(149.8±13.5) minutes, all P<0. 01], but no difference was found in in-hospital rescuing time [(29. 9±5.3) minutes vs. (31.1±4.5) minutes, P>0. 05]. Morbidity rate was lower in first-aid group than self-aid group in 1st and 3rd month, respectively (2.1% vs. 9. 0%, 4. 2% vs. 12.4%, both P<0. 05). Conclusion Excellent emergency system and procedure can shorten initial disposal time and out-hospital rescuing time, thus improve patients' prognosis. The education level and health knowledge of patients and their raletives directly affect their mode of arriving hospital and prognosis.     

高血压合并2型糖尿病患者的动脉弹性与内皮功能

目的探讨高血压合并2型糖尿病对动脉功能的影响。方法研究对象137例根据标准分为正常对照组、原发性高血压(EH)组、高血压合并2型糖尿病(EH 2DM)组,各组分别测定一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、颈股脉搏波传导速度(cfPWV)及血流介导的血管舒张功能(FMD)和反应性充血(RH)。结果与对照组比较,EH 2DM组和EH组NO、FMD、RH值明显降低,cfPWV明显升高(P<0.01);与EH组比较,EH 2DM组的FMD、RH降低(P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示收缩压、舒张压、血糖、cfPWV与FMD负相关(r=-0.507,P=0.001;r=-0.404,P=0.001;r=-0.373,P=0.001;r=-0.270,P=0.001);NO与FMD正相关(r=0.256,P=0.002)。结论EH 2DM患者血管内皮功能和大动脉弹性进一步减退。     

中重度慢性射血分数减低心力衰竭患者下沉社区的诊疗研究

背景　心力衰竭（简称心衰）是一种慢性、进展性自发性疾病,很难根治。对中重度慢性心衰患者进行医疗管理,能提高患者生活质量,延长生命,有效减少医疗资源的消耗。目前国际公认的最有效的人群健康服务模式是社区医疗管理。目的　探讨中重度慢性射血分数减低心力衰竭（HF-REF）患者在社区医疗管理下的诊疗效果。方法　选取2017年1—12月在内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第二附属医院心内科和急诊科诊治的美国纽约心脏病协会（NYHA）分级为Ⅱ~Ⅳ级的中重度HF-REF患者115例,根据患者意愿分组,同意回到社区与社区医生签约患者52例（社区组）,无法回到社区和不愿意接受社区医生签约患者63例（区外组）。社区组医护学习《中国心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南2014》,并在技术层面和内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第二附属医院心内科、急诊科专科医生对本疾病的诊治达成一致,进行社区医疗管理模式。区外组患者如有医疗问题不在社区卫生服务中心、站诊治。两组患者出院后第6、12个月时本项目组成员对其进行电话随访,随访内容包括：一般情况〔症状加重、体征加重、药量增加、饮食减少、运动减少、社会活动减少、情感改变（烦躁/淡漠）、睡眠减少〕,“金三角”药物服药依从性及心衰不良事件（合并症增加、急性心衰再发、再次住院、手术、全因死亡）。“金三角”药物：是指血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂（ACEI）、β-受体阻滞剂和醛固酮受体拮抗剂合用,本研究主要观察这三个药物的服药依从性。结果　随访第6个月,社区组症状加重率、饮食减少率低于区外组（P<0.05）;随访第12个月,社区组症状加重率、社会活动减少率、睡眠减少率低于区外组（P<0.05）。随访第6、12个月,社区组β-受体阻滞剂、醛固酮受体拮抗剂服药依从性高于区外组（P<0.05）;随访第12个月,社区组急性心衰再发率低于区外组（P<0.05）。结论　社区医疗管理模式可以减缓中重度HF-REF疾病的进展,提高服药依从性,改善患者生活质量,减少心脏不良事件的发生。     

急性心血管事件院前急救的应急策略及流程探讨

Objective To study the strategy and process of out-hospital emergency care of acute cardiovascular events. Methods One hundred and eighty-three patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College were prospectively studied. The patients were divided into two groups according to the different ways of out-hospital care, one group consisted of patients who received first-aid care after calling " 120" (94 cases), another was self-aid group consisting of patients sent to hospital by relatives (89 cases). The proportion of persons with higher than high school education and better knowledge for emergency care of patients with heart disease in first-aid group was higher than self-aid group (50. 0% vs. 29. 2%, 83.0% vs. 60. 7%, both P<0. 05). When the patients were brought to the emergency room, they were all treated according to our standard procedure and then registered. All patients were followed up at the end of first and third month after illness. Results Cardiovascular events were mainly myocardial infarction (61.7%) among 183 patients. There were statistically significant differences between two groups in self-aid response time, first disposal time and out-hospital rescuing time [(32.3 ± 5.6) minutes vs. (89.6±8.4) minutes, (47.3±7.3) minutes vs. (149.8±13.5) minutes, (61.7±8.3) minutes vs. [(149.8±13.5) minutes, all P<0. 01], but no difference was found in in-hospital rescuing time [(29. 9±5.3) minutes vs. (31.1±4.5) minutes, P>0. 05]. Morbidity rate was lower in first-aid group than self-aid group in 1st and 3rd month, respectively (2.1% vs. 9. 0%, 4. 2% vs. 12.4%, both P<0. 05). Conclusion Excellent emergency system and procedure can shorten initial disposal time and out-hospital rescuing time, thus improve patients' prognosis. The education level and health knowledge of patients and their raletives directly affect their mode of arriving hospital and prognosis.