精神分裂症病人家属健康知识需求调查

目的探讨精神病人家属健康知识需求与对策，改善病人的家庭支持系统。方法按CCMD-2R确诊为精神分裂症病例的家属200人对疾病知识的了解、对预后和康复的关心、以及心理社会支持的需求等进行自编问卷调查。结果首发精神分裂症病人家属中，91．8％急于知道疾病的性质、87．1％渴望有迅速而有效的治疗措施、77．6％希望了解如何应对病人，70．6％希望获得心理社会支持，以及68．2％急于了解疾病的预后和病人能否尽快回归社会；而复发病人家属更多的是关心坚持服药的重要性和疾病复发的早期识别，希望参与确立康复目标。结论重视首发与复发精神分裂症病人家属健康知识需求的特殊性，正确引导首发病人家属对治疗的期望值，满足复发病人家属健康知识需求的长期性。医院和社会有关部门对病人家属要提供和完善一个全面的、动态的和积极的心理社会支持系统。     

不稳定型骨盆骨折的护理体会

骨盆骨折是骨科常见骨折之一,可分稳定性与不稳定性两种类型,不稳定型骨折症状重,常合并其它脏器损伤及失血性休克,为此积极地配合医生抢救,准确地判断及观察病情,动态评估合并伤,早期康复锻炼,提供个体化心理支持是救治病人恢复病情的重要保证。现将我科2003~2006年收治的23例     

超短波对脑血管病肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

应用超短波胸部对置法作用于脑血管病患者胸腺部位，通过测定治疗前后外周血肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor recrosis factoralpha，TNF-α)含量，观察超短波治疗对脑血管病患者体内TNF-含量的影响。     

做好军队医改工作应注意的四个问题

军队医疗保障制度改革（简称军队医改）是新时期军队医疗保障体制的一次重大变革，是改善部队官兵就医条件、简化就医程序的有益尝试。因此，积极有效地搞好军队医改工作，对提高部队战斗力有着极其深远的意义。现就做好军队医改工作，使之高效、健康、有序进行的四个关键环节浅谈如下。１搞好宣传教育，是做好医改工作的重要前提军队医改是一项涉及到部队广大官兵、离退休干部、家属、职工切实利益的一项重大改革。作为新生事物，与现行的部队就医制度有何不同？改革后能否享受到应享受的就医待遇？这些疑问必将成为部队广大官兵所关心的焦…     

小儿膜周部室间隔缺损介入治疗的护理

目的：总结应用Amplatzer封堵器介入治疗小儿膜周部室间隔缺损（PVSD）的护理措施。方法：对202例PVSD患儿介入治疗进行术前、中、后的护理。结果：202例患儿中有12例在左心室造影后显示不符合适应证，6例失败，184例均成功置入Amplatzer膜部室间隔缺损封堵器，技术成功率为96．8％，术后患儿痊愈出院。结论：充分的术前准备和积极的术中、术后监护处理对保证患儿PVSD手术成功有重要作用。     

转化生长因子β_1基因标签单核苷酸多态性与新疆汉族原发性高血压相关性研究

Objective Essential hypertension (EH) was a complex disease resulted from the interaction of cumulative effect of multiple genetic and environment factors. The relationship between the genetic polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor-β_1 ( TGF-β_1 ), the blood levels and EH have been investigated, but the conclusions were different. Therefore, we investigate the relationship between the tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) ( rs1800469, rs2241716, rs11466345, rs2241715,rs4803455) in TGF-β_1 gene, blood levels and EH in the Han nationality population in Xinjiang, to clarity the pattern of linkage disequilibrium (LD) and the feature of the structure of haplotype. Methods Based on the case-control study,we selected 732 (365 EH patients,367 controls) Han Chinese population from the Boertonggu countryside of Shawan region in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China by random cluster sampling. After questionnaire and physical examination, we collected blood samples, and the blood levels of TGF-β_1, were quantified using sandwich ELISA. The polymorphisms of TGF-β_1 gene in the study groups were detected with SNaPshot system. The case-control study in a large group was carried out separately for each of the tSNP and followed up by haplotypes analyses to determine the relation between tSNPs of TGF-β_1 gene and EH in the Han population. Results ( 1 ) The frequencies of alleles A, G of rs11466345 of TGF-β_1, gene in EH group and control group were as follows: 69.7%, 30. 3% ,74.4%,25.6%, respectively. It was demonstrated that the G allele of the rs11466345 polymorphism occurred at a significantly higher frequency in EH patients than in healthy controls (30. 3% vs. 25. 6%, P <0. 05). The rs11466345G-allele carriers had a significantly increased risk of EH compared to rs11466345A -allele carrier ( OR = 1. 261 ; P <0. 05). The frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the other tSNPs of TGF-β_1 gene had no difference between EH patients and controls ( P > 0. 05 ). (2) Except the site of rs11466345, the other tSNPs were in strong LD, and no statistical differences were observed in haplotypes distribution in the followup study between case-control groups (P >0. 05). (3) There were no difference of TGF-β_1 levels between the different genotypes and alleles in tSNPs of TGF-β_1 gene ( P > 0. 05 ). Conclusions ( 1 ) These results suggested that TGF-β_1 gene rs11466345 G allele was likely to be a genetic susceptibility factor for EH in the Xinjiang Han population, the other tSNPs perhaps had no association with EH of in the study groups. (2) Except rs11466345, the other tSNPs were in strong LD, and the haplotypes reconsreucted by tSNPs might not be associated with EH in the Han nationality populations. (3) There was no association between the tSNP of TGF-β_1 gene and TGF-β_1 blood levels in the Xinjiang Han nationality population.     

胱硫醚β-合成酶基因标签单核苷酸多态性与新疆哈萨克族原发性高血压的关联性

近年研究发现血浆HCY水平升高与EH有着密切的联系.CBS和MTHFR是HCY代谢过程中的2个关键酶,除营养因素外,CBS和MTHFR基因缺陷对血浆总HCY水平的影响[1]可间接导致EH,这已成为研究热点;而CBS作为HCY代谢途径中的关键酶之一,当其缺陷时可导致高同型半胱氨酸血症.目前,许多研究表明,CBS基因多态性与心脑血管疾病发生有关[2].目前,有关SNP与疾病的关联研究,除在SNP位点选择上注意了功能区(启动子和外显子)外,由于不同连锁标记间还存在LD.为增加基因分型的有效性,还需进行tSNP与疾病的关联性研究.     

7例手足口病并肺出血的护理体会

目的:探讨手足口病并肺出血的护理.方法:对7例手足口病并肺出血患儿在做好严密消毒隔离的基础上,实施有效呼吸机支持,严密细致的病情观察,同时给予积极、恰当的处理及护理措施.结果:7例惠儿手足口病肺出血得以控制.结论:护士掌握手足口病发生、发展及严密观察,积极呼吸机支持,能有效控制小儿手足口病肺出血.