大步迈向新百年

过去的一年非凡、辉煌,我们隆重地庆祝伟大的、光荣的、正确的中国共产党百年华诞,我们也纪念敬爱的林巧稚大夫诞辰120周年。新的百年开始了!紧跟祖国快速发展的步伐,作为妇产科医生,我们一定要做出更多的、更出色的工作,实现“健康中国2030”的宏伟目标。从脱贫、致富、图强,国民的健康日趋重要。     

杜仲对动脉粥样硬化小鼠血液代谢组学的影响

目的研究杜仲对动脉粥样硬化小鼠血液代谢组学的影响。方法 18只ApoE~(-/-)雄性小鼠随机分为实验组和模型组,每组9只。另设9只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠作为对照组。高脂饮食12周后,实验组灌胃杜仲水溶液[0.46 g/(kg·d)],模型组和对照组灌胃等量生理盐水,灌胃6周。实验结束时抽取小鼠血液,进行代谢组学分析。结果三组小鼠的血液代谢总量子流图具有一定的差异,并进一步分析筛选出胆固醇代谢、脂肪酸代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成、鞘脂代谢、酰基辅酶A代谢五个代谢通路。实验组上调了二十碳五烯酸、十八碳二烯酸、3-O-硫酰基神经酰胺、四氢异喹啉的表达,下调了胆固醇、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、鞘氨醇、溶血磷脂酰胆碱的表达。结论杜仲对动脉粥样硬化相关代谢物有调节改善作用,对动脉粥样硬化有一定的干预作用。     

持续性特发性耳鸣严重程度的相关因素分析

目的 探讨导致持续性特发性耳鸣严重程度的相关因素。 方法 分析870例持续性特发性主观性耳鸣患者的一般资料、病史、听力学结果、耳鸣匹配实验、耳鸣残疾量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表和焦虑自评量表,应用多因素Logistic回归分析研究与患者耳鸣严重程度相关的因素。 结果 (1)性别(P<0.001)、年龄(P=0.010)、耳鸣主调声频率(P=0.005)、听力损失(P=0.037)、焦虑程度(P<0.001)、睡眠状况(P<0.001)在THI分级上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)病程(P=0.053)、侧别(P=0.437)、主调声响度(P=0.120)在THI分级上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 女性患者特发性耳鸣的程度较男性更为严重;低频较高频更扰人;焦虑程度和睡眠状况是影响耳鸣严重程度的因素,而病程、侧别、耳鸣主调声响度不是影响患者特发性耳鸣严重程度的因素。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

原发性脑干伤的早期护理干预

原发性脑干伤是指外伤当时直接造成的脑干损害.通常病情危急,伤后大多引起意识、呼吸、循环等系统的功能障碍,救治困难,死亡率高.近年来,随着先进医疗器械的运用及医疗护理技术的发展,脑干伤的抢救成功率有了明显的提高.笔者总结成功抢救29例原发性脑干伤的护理经验.认为伤后早期采取有效的护理措施,控制并发症,避免脑干受到继发性损害,是降低死亡率,提高生存质量的基本保证.病人入院后,安置在重症监护病房,力口强病情观察,发现异常及时处理; 对中枢性高热、呼吸功能衰竭、应激性溃疡等症状实施对症护理;加强基础护理,将病人安置合适的体位,做好饮食护理和口腔护理;积极预防褥疮、泌尿系感染、肺部感染、暴露性角膜炎、关节挛缩、肌萎缩等并发症.保证原发性脑干伤病人尽早康复.     

舶来的"四泉利润"

“做个加盟店很不划算，交加盟费、风险金，还要给特许商管理费……”，许多意向加盟商都有这种说法。有些特许商也常说：“开上几十家店，加盟费都赚不过来，自已还可以直营，还有管理费、促销费、培训费……”这正应了“羊毛出在羊身上”这句古话。     

截肢患者护理体会浅谈

目的：通过对截肢患者的护理经验的总结，探讨截肢患者护理干预的有效性。方法：对86例截肢患者进行心理、术前、术后的康复指导等全面护理干预。结果：功能锻炼及时有效，明显减少了术后的并发症。结论：截肢患者的心理护理和术后康复指导是手术成功的关键，亦是消除悲观心态，减少各种并发症，恢复自理能力，提高生存质量的源动力。     

软坚散结冲剂治疗子宫肌瘤42例

目的:观察疏肝、软坚、活血类中药配伍治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效。方法:采用软坚散结颗粒(柴胡、郁金、浙贝、夏枯草、山慈菇、川芎、莪术、元胡等)辨证治疗本症42例。结果:痊愈3例,显效22例,总有效率为95.24%。其中症状改善者40例,占95.24%;肌瘤消失或缩小者26例,占61.09%。提示:软坚散结冲剂能明显缩小子宫肌瘤,改善临床症状。     

催产素引产的合理应用与观察

催产素又叫缩宫素,其主要作用机理为促进子宫平滑肌收缩,在妊娠早、中期催产素的作用仅产生局限性宫缩活动,不能传及整个子宫,也不能使宫颈扩张.足月妊娠时,肌细胞趋于协调,催产素才能发挥催产作用.在引产过程中使用得当则安全有效,反之,可危及母子生命.下面介绍一下催产素在引产过程中怎样合理应用与观察.     

腹腔镜下性腺切除术17例临床分析

性分化和发育异常，临床非常少见，其中一部分患者因含有Y染色体需要切除性腺。传统的手术方式是开腹探在，再行陛腺切除。我们自2003年7月至2005年10月，开展了腹腔镜下性腺切除术，效果满意。现报道如下。