肝胆结石病的中医中药治疗

肝胆结石病是外科常见病之一 ,分为胆囊结石、胆总管结石、肝内胆管结石。肝胆结石病绝大多数需手术治疗 ,作为一种辅助治疗 ,中医中药也能发挥很重要作用 ,中医认为肝胆结石症的发生源于肝失疏泄 ,或脾虚失运导致胆汁淤滞 ,久则蕴热 ,湿热熏蒸而出现诸多临床症状。治疗则以舒肝健脾利胆清热为其原则。1　胆囊结石的中医中药治疗1 1　单纯胆绞痛型 :患者以右上腹绞痛为主 ,多较急剧 ,不发热 ,腹部无压痛和肌紧张。依据“急则治其标”的原则 ,此类病人的当务之急是缓解腹痛 ,常采用以下方法 :(1)禁食 2～ 3天 ,因为进食后会促使胆囊收缩 ,加…     

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF INSIDIOUS RECURRENT SMALL INTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE

Objective. To improve the localized diagnosis of insidious recurrent small intestinal hemorrhage. Methods. This retrospective analysis include 64 cases of such diseases, which were admitted from 1988 to 1998 toour hospital. Result. Ultrasonography, CT, small bowel pneumobariunlgraphy, diluted barium enema, isetopic examination, DSA and intraoperafive small-bowel endoscopy were used for diagnosis of hemonrrhagic site, and 37 cases got a defirfite location before operation, while 10 cases were confirmed the diagnosis during the operation. Forty-seven cases were treated surgically, while the other 17 cases had non-surgical treatment. Of the 47 cases,39 cases underwent partial en-terectomy, 5 cases had suture and ligature of vascular deformity, 2 cases had Whipple‘s operation, and one patient had ectomy of the end of ileum and right colon. Conclusion. DSA, Isotopic examination and intraoperafive enteroscopy are of considerable importance for the lo-cation judgement of recurrent small intestinal hemorrhage.     

OVERVIEW FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GALLBLADDER CARCINOMA

Objective. To improve the recognition of diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer. Methods. Retrospective analysis of 52 cases of gallbladder carcinoma in our hospital from 1988 to 1998. Results. Preoperative diagnostic rate was 90.3%, of which 12 cases (23%) were early stage of carcinoma. The total operation resection rate was 55.8%, for which only 17.8% were advance stage of carcinoma. Conclution. The early diagnosis is the key factor of increasing treatment successful rate. The following are the symptoms that raise our special attention to carcinoma of gallbladder: ( 1 ) Age over 50 have recurrent eholecysfitis and with past history of gallstone; (2) Congenital malformation of bile duct; (3) Local thickening and irregularity of gallbladder,gall; (4) Polypoid lesion larger than lem inside gallbladder; (5) Atrophic gallbladder; (6) Intraluminal stone of gallbladder does not move when change in body position; (7) Regional lymph node enlargement.     

推拿治疗骶髂关节错缝症43例

目的：观察推拿治疗骶髂关节错缝症的治疗效果。方法：43例患者采用推拿治疗。结果：治愈22例,好转18例。结论：运用推拿治疗骶髂关节错缝症患者疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

胆管导管内乳头状肿瘤的临床病理特征与治疗策略

目的:探讨胆管导管内乳头状肿瘤（IPNB）的临床病理特征与治疗策略。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2000年8月至2020年4月中国医学科学院北京协和医院收治的40例IPNB病人的临床病理资料;男19例,女21例;年龄为（60±14）岁。病人术前均行影像学检查和血液检验,判断肿瘤位置和范围,评估其可切除性。根据病...     

情景模拟联合PBL教学法对手术室实习护生评判性思维能力的影响

目的:探讨情景模拟联合以问题为导向(PBL)教学法对手术室实习护生评判性思维能力的影响。方法:将2017年1月～4月32名手术室实习护生设为对照组,采用传统带教方法;将2018年1月～4月35名手术室实习护生设为观察组,采用情景模拟联合PBL教学法进行实习带教。比较两组评判性思维能力测量表(CTDI-CV)评分。结果:观察组护生开放性思想、分析能力、评判性思维信心、寻找真相4项评分及总评分高于对照组(P0.05),求知欲、认知成熟度、系统化能力3项评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:情景模拟联合PBL教学法可提高手术室实习护生评判性思维能力。     

壶腹肿瘤手术238例分析

目的 探讨壶腹肿瘤手术方式的合理选择.方法 回顾性分析北京协和医院1995年1月至2012年6月收治的238例壶腹肿瘤的临床病理资料.51例良性肿瘤患者中,行肿瘤局部切除术34例,胰十二指肠切除术17例;187例壶腹癌患者中,行壶腹局部切除术25例,胰十二指肠切除术162例.结果 无论是对于壶腹癌还是良性肿瘤,与胰十二指肠切除术相比,行局部切除术者手术时间更短、术中出血量更少、住院时间更短、术后并发症发生率更低(均P＜0.05).壶腹部良性肿瘤行局部切除术组与行胰十二指肠切除术组的术后生存时间差异无统计学意义(P=0.071,x2=2.003).T1、T2期壶腹癌两种术式组术后生存时间差异也无统计学意义(P=0.054,x2=3.163);但T3、T4期胰十二指肠切除术组术后生存时间明显长于局部切除术组(P=0.041,x2=6.309).结论 壶腹肿瘤对手术治疗的反应相对良好.对于良性肿瘤及T1～2期壶腹癌,局部切除可达到根治目的;而对于T3～4期壶腹癌,则应行胰十二指肠切除术.     

Peutz-Jeghers综合征29例诊治分析

目的 探讨Peutz-Jeghers综合征的临床特点及治疗方法。 方法 回顾性分析北京协和医院1984-2008年收治的29例Peutz-Jeghers综合征临床资料。 结果 29例病人均有胃肠道息肉,27例存在黑色素斑点沉着,10例（34%）有明确家族史。临床表现以腹痛、便血为主。并发肠套叠12例（41%）,肠梗阻11例（38%）。行手术治疗19例,内镜切除6例,保守治疗4例。病理结果：错构瘤26例,伴不典型增生3例。 结论 Peutz-Jeghers综合征具有较为典型的临床表现,易合并肠梗阻、肠套叠、消化道出血等并发症,治疗上可采用手术治疗与内镜下息肉切除相结合的方式。Peutz-Jeghers综合征病人为恶性肿瘤高风险人群,必须坚持常年随访。     

2型糖尿病合并胆囊结石的相关危险因素

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者发生胆囊结石的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2010年5月北京协和医院体检中心2574例2型糖尿病患者的临床资料,对其中429例2型糖尿病合并胆囊结石患者(研究组)和2145例2型糖尿病不合并胆囊结石患者(对照组),按照年龄、性别进行1∶5配比以进行病例对照研究.计数资料采用x2检验,对收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、TC、TG、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-CH)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-CH)和体质指数(BMI)等相关危险因素进行单因素分析,采用四格表x2检验筛选出有统计学意义的可疑危险因素,再对这些可疑因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 单因素分析结果显示在SBP、FBG、TC、HDL-CH及BMI 5个方面,研究组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=20.323,4.365,4.028,7.049,7.319,P＜0.05).去除年龄、性别的影响后,多因素分析结果证实SBP、TC、HDL-CH及BMI是2型糖尿病合并胆囊结石患者的危险因素(x2=18.047,6.905,12.884,7.557,P＜0.05).结论 BMI、SBP和TC水平增高及HDL-CH浓度降低可能是2型糖尿病合并胆囊结石的危险因素.

Abstract：

Objective To explore risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with gallstone disease. Methods The clinical data of 429 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with gallstone disease (case group) and 2145 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without gallstone disease (control group) were collected from the Health Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2007 to May 2010. According to sure (SBP), diastolic blood pressnre (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH) and body mass index (BMI) were statistically analyzed by fourfold table chi-square test or conditional Logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the levels of SBP, FBG, TC, HDL-CH and BMI between the case group and the control group (x2 =20.323, 4.365, 4.028, 7.049, 7.319, P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that SBP, TC, HDL-CH and BMI were risk factors for gallstone disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (x2 = 18. 047, 6. 905, 12. 884, 7. 557, P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Increased SBP, TC and BMI and decreased HDL-CH may be the risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with gallstone disease.     

木香顺气丸中木香及厚朴定性鉴别

木香顺气丸载于《卫生部药品标准》第一册.由木香、厚朴等10味药组成,功能行气化湿,健脾和胃.其原标准简单,缺乏定性指标.据其药味均以粉末入药,通过显微鉴定找出各药味特征组织;再用薄层色谱法对易出现伪混品的木香和厚朴进行定性研究,获得满意结果.