油水分离充气旋流器的研究进展

充气旋流器是利用离心惯性力强化浮选效果的新型设备，综述了用于油水分离的充气旋流器的结构，分离机理和影响因素的研究进展，并提出展望。     

Effect of mixed solvent on fabrication,morphology and monodispersity of microspheres with hydrophobic poly(butyl methacrylate) shells

Monodisperse microspheres (mean diameter 200–300 nm) with polystyrene cores and poly(acrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate) shells were prepared by using a free radical polymerization method. Moreover, the effect of mixed solvent on the preparation, morphology and monodispersity was investigated. The experimental results showed that solubility parameter of butyl methacrylate and solvent affected mainly the molding of monodisperse core-shell microspheres. When the microspheres were fabricated in a sequential synthesis process, addition of hydrophilic and organic solvent including butyl methacrylate led to spherical degree of the particles becoming worse, and the mean diameter of the microspheres decreased and the monodispersity became better with increasing the crosslinker methylenebisacrylamide dosage.     

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based vertically sandwichtyped hydrogel with fast temperature-response speed and its controlled-release characteristics

A novel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based sandwich-typed hydrogel,which was featured with both ends of linear poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)chains being grafted onto cross-linked PNIPAM chains,was successfully prepared in a three-step process by a method of sequential synthesis.The proposed hydrogel displays faster and hydration/dehydration dynamic response to temperature cycling owing to linear PNIPAM chains to form big-pore structure.This work may lead to high attraction for targeting drug delivery systems,polymeric pump,sensors and so on.     

温度感应式开关膜的接枝率对其开关特性的影响

利用等离子体诱导填孔接枝聚合法将聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAM)接枝聚合在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)微孔膜上制备了一系列具有较宽接枝率范围的温度感应式开关膜。系统地研究了接枝率对膜的温度感应开关特性的影响。结果表明，开关膜的接枝率对膜的过滤通量、温度感应开关系数和膜孔径感温变化倍数都有十分重要的影响，接枝率在小于等于2．81％时。温度感应开关系数和膜孔径感温变化倍数均随接枝率增加而增加；而对于接枝率大于等于6．38％的膜，膜开关系数和膜孔径感温变化倍数总是趋近于1。膜不具备温度感应开关特性，为了获得预期的开关性能。必须将膜的接枝率控制在适当的范围。     

温度感应型凝胶微粒研究进展

简要综述了感温型凝胶微粒的微观结构，及其制备方法和影响其膨胀—收缩性能的主要因素等方面的研究进展。迄今凝胶微粒按微观结构可分为均质型和核—壳型两大类。制备均质结构凝胶微粒常采用无皂轧液聚合；制备核—壳结构时，常先采用无皂轧液合成核颗粒，再在核表面通过包缚或接枝分别形成交联式或线形凝胶壳层。为了使凝胶微粒有较大的体积膨胀率和温度感应速度，常在制备壳层时在单体溶液中加入一些离子基团。凝胶微粒的温度感应特性会随化学环境的变化而不同。     

内陆油气田高含盐污水处理技术综述

概述了国内外含盐水(海水及苦咸水)淡化方法,并对各种方法进行了较为全面的比较,结合四川油气田的待处理水的水质要求,展望指出膜蒸馏、电渗析、反渗透对于这种污水的处理有望达到回注水和排放要求,并对技术上的难点进行了分析。     

Laterally sandwich-typed hydrogel columns with liner poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) layer: Preparation, swelling/deswelling kinetics and drug delivery characteristics

A novel thermo-responsive hydrogel column, featured with both ends of linear poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains being grafted onto cross-linked PNIPAM chains, was reported. The laterally sandwich-typed hydrogel columns were fabricated by radical polymerization in a three-step process using a method of ice-melting synthesis. The initiating path, morphology and thermoresponsive characteristics of the prepared hydrogel columns were experimentally studied. The results show that the hydrogel column obtained by the initiator inside part has more quick swelling and deswelling rates responsing to temperature cycling than other hydrogels owing to linear PNIPAM chains to form supermacroporous structure. The proposed hydrogel structure provide a new mode of the phase transition behavior for thermo-sensitive "smart" or "intelligent" monodisperse micro-actuators, which is highly attractive for targeting drug delivery systems, chemical separations, and sensors and so on.     

简谐运动膜分离过程及其强化机理

提出了一种新型的膜分离强化方式，即通过膜自身做简谐运动来达到以高剪切方式强化膜分离过程的目的．在层流状态下简化纳维一斯托克斯方程并推导出该强化方式所产生的流场及压力场的解析式；通过对流场分析，论证了该强化方式的膜运动的角速度和膜表面受到的黏性剪应力之间具有不同步性，该方式可以产生优异的自净性能，使强化能的消耗具有空间上的针对性；论证了该强化方式产生的流场具有不稳定性，容易转化为湍流；通过对压力场的分析，论证了该强化方式可产生脉冲性．     

温度感应型控制释放微胶囊的研究进展

介绍了迄今温度感应型控制释放微胶囊的各种类型、相应的结构特点和感温性控释特征，以及应用开发进展，并对其今后的研究发展方向进行了评述。     

除油旋流器内油滴粒径的分布

引　言随着油田水处理技术的发展 ,除油旋流器的使用越来越普遍 .油滴粒径是影响油水分离旋流器性能的一个重要因素 ,它直接影响到旋流器的分离效率及含油污水处理能力 ,防止油滴破碎是油水分离旋流器研究者们共同感兴趣的问题 ,本文研究了旋流器进口粒径变化与旋流器各段分离效率之间的关系以及进口流量、分流比等对旋流器各段边壁油滴粒径的影响 .1　实验装置实验流程如图 1所示 .清水由螺杆泵输送 ,通过螺杆泵可以调节旋流器的进口流量 .油由计量泵注入螺杆泵入口管线中 ,与水充分混合 ,通过调节计量泵的流量可以调节油水混合物的油含量 …