Determination of the Life Cycle of Heat-Exchange Tubes of Vapor Condensers on the Basis of Statistical Analysis of Local Pitting Corrosion According to Data of Eddy Current Testing

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - The possibility is shown of creating a chart of local corrosion damage in the walls of heat-exchange tubes on the basis of the data of...     

The anisotropic effect of a weak magnetic field on the photoconductivity of C<Subscript>60</Subscript> single crystals

The effect of crystal orientation on the photogeneration of free charge carriers was studied for C₆₀ single crystals in a weak magnetic field. The photoconductivity sharply depends on the orientation of magnetic field with respect to the crystallographic directions, showing a 5–8% increase for seven axes of the C₆₀ crystal.     

Mechanochemical reactions between structural defects in magnetic fields

An influence of steady, pulse and microwave magnetic fields on mechanochemical reactions between structural defects in doped ionic crystals has been studied. The effects of dislocation depinning, dislocation mobility increase, macroplastic unhardening and magnetoresonant softening in magnetic fields have been revealed. It is shown that the magnetosensitive spin-dependent reactions between structural defects is the reason of magnetoplastic effects in nonmagnetic crystals. It means that the electron and nuclear spin states of the paramagnetic defects play an important role in the formation of mechanical properties of crystals in magnetic fields and without them.     

Coal reserves of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and principal lines of their use

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has the largest reserves of lignites and coals in the Far East owing to three coal basins—Southern Yakutia, Lena, and Zyryanskii—in the republican territory and the eastern part of the Tunguska basin. Main deposits, their resources, clay type composition, and lines of use are discussed.     

Specialized spinellide-periclase refractories

Specialized carbon-doped spinellide-periclase refractories developed for the bottom lining of a ladle furnace are described. Large-sized PShUP 1-1-grade refractory blocks have been used for the impingement zone which made it possible to reduce the conventional wear rate of 6.21 mm per heat to 2.55 – 2.95 mm in the impingement zone and to 1.09 – 1.66 mm in the hot layer of the bottom lining.Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 9, pp. 30 – 33, September, 2004.     

The nature of temper brittleness of high-chromium ferrite

The reasons for development of 475°C brittleness of high-chromium ferritic steels are considered from the standpoint of fracture mechanics. It is shown that the general rise in the curve of temperature-dependent local flow stress has the decisive influence on the position of the ductile-to-brittle transformation temperature and the increase in it as the result of a hold at temperatures of development of brittleness. The established effect is related to the change in the parameters determining dislocation mobility, that is, the activation energy of dislocation movement in high-chromium ferrite and the resistance to microplastic deformation, both caused by processes of separation into layers of high-chromium ferrite and decomposition of the interstitial solid solution.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 71–75, July, 1994.     

Lossless,Passive Transportation of Low Surface Tension Liquids Induced by Patterned Omniphobic Liquidlike Polymer Brushes

Surfaces enabling directional liquid transportation are of great interest for a wide range of applications such as water collection, microfluidics, and heat transfer systems. Surfaces capable of lossless, long-range passive transportation of low surface tension (LST) liquids using wettability patterned, liquidlike coatings with minimal contact angle hysteresis are reported. Lossless LST droplet travel distances over 150 mm are achieved, enabled by a two-phase transportation mechanism: morphological transformation from a bulge to a channel shape, followed by directional transportation along the asymmetrical wedge-shaped channel. The developed surfaces can split, merge, and precisely transport various low-surface tension liquids, including alcohols, alkanes, and solvents. The developed transportation strategy can also enhance LST liquid dropwise condensation through continuous removal of the condensate, even on horizontally positioned surfaces without the assistance of gravity.