QCr0.8/TC4薄板电子束焊接头组织及断裂路径

对QCr0.8/TC4异种材料薄板进行了电子束对接焊接试验.采用光学金相、扫描电镜、能谱分析及X射线衍射相分析等方法,对接头组织结构及相组成进行了分析.并对接头进行了性能测试及断口形貌观察,分析了断裂性质,探讨了断裂路径.结果表明,焊缝由大量的γ-CuTi相、金属间化合物CuTi2,CuTi3及少量的铜基固溶体组成,且靠近铜合金侧存在一层20 μm左右的反应层,推测其可能为Ti2Cu,CuTi,Cu4Ti3,Cu2Ti,Cu3Ti等多种金属间化合物混合层;QCr0.8/TC4的电子束对中焊接性较差,接头断裂发生在焊缝中心的粗晶区,呈明显的解理断裂特征,接头抗拉强度很低,仅为82.1 MPa.     

电弧作用下熔透型TIG熔池液面行为的数值模拟

在正面熔化半径RZ和板厚h一定的条件下,基于对有电弧作用的熔透型TIG焊接熔池三维液面行为的分析,获得了不同背面熔化半径RB的熔池三维形状模型,利用有限元分析软件surface evolver进行数值模拟,研究了电弧对熔透型TIG焊接熔池液面的影响.结果表明,电弧的作用与否对熔池下液面的大小和形状无显著的影响;在背面熔化尺寸较小时(RB≤2.5 mm附近),电弧对上液面特征量有较大作用;电弧的作用从整体上是使熔池上液面压低.在从脉冲基值过渡到脉冲峰值期间,电弧电压(或弧光光强)增加的部分是由电流增加和熔池上液面被压低两部分引起的.     

Effect of Al 2 O3 film on weld appearance of stationary electron beam welded aluminum

Aluminum specimens with and without chemically cleaning were welded by electron beam to investigate the effect of、Al ₂ O₃ film on weld appearance. The removal mechanism of Al ₂ O₃ film during vacuum electron beam welding of aluminum was analyzed and the effect of Al ₂ O₃ film on molten pool flow behavior and weld appearance was investigated. The results showed that the weld width of the specimen was enlarged by chemically cleaning. The solid Al ₂ O₃ film transformed into gaseous Al ₂ O via the reaction with liquid aluminum at the temperature higher than 1 350 K was the main reason for the removal of the film. The weld width was narrowed down by the oxide film due to the inhibition of outward flow driven by the surface tension gradient and the drag force between the Al ₂ O₃ film and liquid Al. The weld penetration was reduced in the initial stage and then enhanced in the metastable stage.     

电子束定点焊接304不锈钢熔池流动行为数值模拟

基于电子束焊接过程的传热与受力物理过程分析,建立相应模型,对电子束定点焊接304不锈钢的温度场与流场进行数值模拟,研究电子束焊接熔池流动行为及焊缝成形规律.结果表明,电子束加热阶段,熔池上表面温度梯度达到106 K/m,熔池表面峰值温度高,在沸点温度附近波动,强烈的金属蒸汽反作用力成为熔池流动的主要作用力,促使熔池中心下凹并不断波动,熔池冷却凝固阶段,金属蒸汽反作用力下降,熔池金属表面张力梯度引起的Marangoni对流成为熔池金属流动主要驱动力,促使焊缝表面熔宽增大,熔池凝固后焊缝上表面宽度为1.9 mm,中心处宽度为1.6 mm,下表面宽度为1.8 mm.     

铝锂合金焊接技术的研究现状分析

铝锂合金作为轻质金属材料,具有优良的综合性能,因此应用前景十分广阔.从铝锂合金的焊接性出发,分别对铝锂合金弧焊,高能束焊,搅拌摩擦焊,扩散焊以及钎焊的研究现状进行了讨论.结果表明,采用各种焊接技术均可实现铝锂合金的焊接.分析了采用各种焊接技术焊接铝锂合金时的优势以及不足,并对各种焊接技术所获得接头的性能以及工艺改进措施进行了研究.针对目前各种焊接技术急需解决的问题以及铝锂合金焊接的发展方向,总结出了今后铝锂合金焊接研究的重点内容,并对铝锂合金焊接前景进行了分析与展望.     

304不锈钢与QCr0.8铬青铜填加铜焊丝的电子束焊接

采用填铜焊丝对304不锈钢与QCr0.8铬青铜进行电子束焊接。采用正交试验法研究不同工艺参数对焊接接头抗拉强度的影响,并对焊接工艺参数进行优化。优化工艺参数如下：束流30 mA,焊接速度100 mm/min,送丝速度1 m/min,束偏移量-0.3 mm。对优化后接头组织的分析结果表明,焊缝主要由树枝状α相与少量球形ε相组成;仅在焊缝区的上部出现铜的混合不均匀;而在铜侧熔合线附近存在一个铜的熔化但未混合区,该区域晶粒长大严重,是接头的最薄弱区。显微硬度测试结果显示,焊缝硬度随固溶体中铜含量的增加而减小。接头的最高抗拉强度为276 MPa。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of butt joints of QCr0.8／1Cr21NiSTi equal-thickness dissimilar materials by electron beam welding

Butt joints of QCrO. 8/1Cr2lNiSTi equal-thickness dissimilar materials were obtained by electron beam welding with fixed accelerating voltage 60 kV and focus current 1.99 A, changed electron beam current and welding velocity. Microstructure and composition of the EBW joint were investigated by means of optical micrography and EDX analysis, mechanical properties of the joint were also tested. The results show that joint‘ s macrostructure was divided into three zones : top weld zone near QCrO. 8 and bottom weld zone consisting of Cu (ss. Fe ) with a certain amount of dispersedly distributed (α ε) mixed microstructure , middle weld zone consisting of (α ε ) microstracture with a small amount of Cu (ss. Fe )particles. Morphological inhomogeneous macrostructure and uneven chemical compostion of QCrO. 8/1Cr21NiSTi joint by EBW are the most important factor to result in decreasing joining strength.     

Ti3Al金属间化合物电子束深熔焊接过程数值模拟

基于有限元法，采用改进的双椭球热源模型，对电子束深熔焊接Ti3Al过程进行了移动热源条件下准稳态三维温度场的数值模拟。该模型复合了熔深与电子束参数及材料性质的关系，考虑了对流和辐射散热、相变潜热、材料热物理性能参量随温度的变化以及液态金属的对流传热。通过比较熔深、熔宽的计算值和实际测量值，验证了该模型在电子束焊接温度场模拟中的适用性。     

Effect of forced cooling on weld appearance and microhardness of electron beam welded QCr0.8 alloy

Electron beam welding of QCr0.8 chromium bronze was investigated to improve weld appearance and reduce the size of softened zone of the joints. Effect of forced cooling on weld appearance and microhardness of the joints was studied by both experiment and numerical simulation. Both welding with and without forced cooling were conducted and analyzed comparatively. The results showed that a quasi steady state temperature field and a large temperature gradient perpendicular to welding direction could achieved by forced cooling. A consistent weld width throughout the entire weld and smooth surface for both the top and bottom was achieved by forced cooling process. The width of softened zone of the joint was reduced from 2.6 mm to 1 mm by forced cooling.     

Experimental study of electron beam welded titanium alloy to chromium bronze joint with a vanadium sheet

Electron beam welding experiment of titanium alloy to chromium bronze with a vanadium filler metal was carried out. Microstructure of the joint was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Tensile strength of the joint was evaluated. The fracture surface of the joint was also analyzed. The results showed that the addition of vanadium filler metal reduced the brittleness of joint by increasing the amount of vanadium-based solid solution in the weld. But the melting point of vanadium.filler metal was so high that large heat input was needed to completely melt the filler metal. Thus, a large amount of interfacial compounds were produced. The tensile strength of joint was 280 MPa with a brittle fracture mode.