In the areas where broiler industry is located, poultry manure from chicken farms could be a major source of ground water pollution, and this may have extensive effects particularly when the farms use nearby ground water as their fresh water supply. Therefore the prediction the extent of this pollution, either from rigorous mathematical diffusion modeling or from the perspective of experimental data evaluation bears importance. In this work, we have investigated modeling of the effects of chicken manure on ground water by artificial neural networks. An ANN model was developed to predict the total coliform in the ground water well in poultry farms. The back-propagation algorithm was employed for training and testing the network, and the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was utilized for optimization. The MATLAB 7.0 environment with Neural Network Toolbox was used for coding. Given the associated input parameters such as the number of chickens, type of manure pool management and depth of well, the model estimates the possible amount of total coliform in the wells to a satisfactory degree. Therefore it is expected to be of help in future for estimating the ground water pollution resulting from chicken farms. 相似文献
Harmony search based optimum design method is presented for the grillage systems. This numerical technique imitates the musical
performance process that takes place when a musician searches for a better state of harmony. Jazz improvisation seeks to find
musically pleasing harmony similar to the optimum design process which seeks to find the optimum solution. The design algorithm
considers the serviceability and ultimate strength constraints which are implemented from Load and Resistance Factor Design—American
Institute of Steel Construction (LRFD-AISC). It selects the appropriate W-sections for the transverse and longitudinal beams
of the grillage system out of 272 discrete W-section designations given in LRFD-AISC. This selection is carried out such that
the design limitations described in LRFD-AISC are satisfied and the weight of the system is the minimum. Many design examples
are considered to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm presented. 相似文献
Fractional calculus is a powerful tool that has been applied successfully for the analysis of the complex systems. One interesting example of a complex mixture is given by the multicomponent pharmaceutical samples having constant matrix content. The main aim of this study is to develop a new approach based on the combined use of the fractional wavelet transform (FWT) and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) in order to quantify atorvastatin (ATO) and amlodipine (AML) in their mixtures without requiring a chemical pretreatment. In the first step, the absorption spectra of the compounds and their samples were processed by the FWT method. In the next step, the CWT approach was applied to the fractional wavelet spectra obtained in the above step. The aim of the application of FWT is data reduction corresponding to the spectra of compounds and their commercial samples. In the following step, the CWT was used for the quantitative resolution of the composite signals of the analyzed compounds. After method validation, the proposed signal processing methods based on the combined use of the FWT and the CWT were successfully applied to the resolution of the composite spectra for the quantitation of atorvastatin (ATO) and amlodipine (AML) in tablets. 相似文献
In literature a number of different methods are proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of grey models. However, most of them are computationally expensive, and this may prohibit their extensive use. This paper describes a much simpler scheme, based on the principle of concatenation, in which unit step predictions are concatenated by replacing the missing outputs by their previously predicted values. Despite its extreme simplicity, it is shown that the predicted values thus derived results in a better performance than the methods proposed in the literature. Simulation studies show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm when applied to nonlinear function predictions. 相似文献
The time-varying frequency structure of musical signals have been analyzed using wavelets by either extracting the instantaneous
frequency of signals or building features from the energies of sub-band coefficients. We propose to benefit from a combination
of these two approaches and use the time-frequency domain energy localization curves, called as wavelet ridges, in order to
build features for classification of musical instrument sounds. We evaluated the representative capability of our feature
in different musical instrument classification problems using support vector machine classifiers. The comparison with the
features based on parameterizing the wavelet sub-band energies confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed feature. 相似文献
This work aims to produce a high manganese steel with more refined austenite grains and better wear resistance without sacrificing the toughness and tensile properties by Mn alloying and Ti ladle treatment in comparision to ASTM A128 Gr. E1 steel (1.0C-13Mn) that is mostly used in the mining industry. The 1.0C-17Mn-xTi alloys (x=0, 0.05 and 0.1, in wt.%) were prepared. A relationship was established between the microstructures and mechanical properties of the as-cast and solution annealed alloys. Increasing Ti content increases the stable Ti(CN) phase on and beside the grain boundaries and decreases up to 37% the austenite grain size of the as-cast alloy with 0.10wt.% Ti. Correspondingly, after solution annealed, optimized titanium content (0.05wt.%) results in significant improvements in wear resistance, hardness, elongation, yield and tensile strengths by 44%, 31%, 30%, 8% and 12%, respectively, except 9% decrease in impact toughness compared to ASTM A 128 Gr. E1 steel without modification. These results show that 1.0C-17Mn-0.05Ti alloy can be used for parts exposed to high load wear and applied in conditions where relatively high tensile properties with sufficent ductility is needed.