Impact of Mole Fractions due to Work Function Variability (WFV) of Metal Gate on Electrical Parameters in Strained SOI-FinFET

In the recent sub-20 nm technology node, the process variability issues have become a major problem for scaling of MOS devices. We present a design for a strained Si/SiGe FinFET on an insulator using a 3D TCAD simulator. The impact of metal gate work function variability (WFV) on electrical parameters is studied. Such impact of WFV for different mole fractions (x) of the SiGe layer in a strained SOI-FinFET with varying grain size is presented. The results show that as the mole fraction is increased, the variability in threshold voltage (σVT) and off current (σIoff) is decreased; while, the variability of on-current (σIon) is increased. A notable observation is the distribution of electrical parameters approaches a normal distribution for smaller grain sizes.     

Effect of Temperature on Reliability Issues of Ferroelectric Dopant Segregated Schottky Barrier Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (Fe DS-SBTFET)

This paper addresses reliability issues associated with temperature of Ferroelectric Dopant Segregated Schottky Barrier Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (Fe DS-SBTFET). The simulated results are compared with Dopant Segregated Schottky Barrier TFET (DS-SBTFET). This is achieved by varying the operating temperature from 300 to 500 K. DC parameters such as I_ON/I_OFF ratio, drain current characteristics and subthreshold swing (SS) for a range of temperature have been highlighted. Moreover, the influence of temperature on various RF figure of merits such as gate capacitance (C_GG), intrinsic delay, cutoff frequency (f_T) etc. have been investigated. The device linearity has been analyzed by considering the effect of temperature variation on linearity parameters like g_m2, g_m3, 1-dB compression point, VIP₂, VIP₃ and IIP₃. The device characteristics get upgraded by the increase in cut-off frequency and reduction in intrinsic delay at elevated temperature.

     

Thermoplastic elastomeric composition based on maleic anhydride–grafted ground rubber tire

Ground rubber tire (GRT) powder was maleated in an internal mixer using maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide at 160°C. Maleated GRT was characterized by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wettability, and differential scanning calorimetry. The physical properties of the dynamically vulcanized 60 : 40, rubber : plastic composition based on acrylated high‐density polyethylene as the plastic phase and ethylene propylene diene rubber containing maleated GRT as the rubber phase were found to be greater than the corresponding composition containing nonmaleated GRT. The blend was found to be reprocessable, like themoplastic elastomers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 370–378, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10348     

Studies on miscibility of blends of ethylene methyl acrylate and polydimethyl siloxane rubber

Blends of ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) rubber (PDMS) are demonstrated to be miscible. The miscibility results in a single and composition-dependent glass transition temperature. IR spectra of the blends provide direct evidence of chemical reaction between EMA and PDMS rubber.     

ANDES: efficient evaluation of NOT-twig queries in relational databases

Despite a large body of work on XPath query processing in relational environment, systematic study of queries containing not-predicates have received little attention in the literature. Particularly, several xml supports of industrial-strength commercial rdbms fail to efficiently evaluate such queries. In this paper, we present an efficient and novel strategy to evaluate not -twig queries in a tree-unaware relational environment. not -twig queries are XPath queries with ancestor–descendant and parent–child axis and contain one or more not-predicates. We propose a novel Dewey-based encoding scheme called Andes (ANcestor Dewey-based Encoding Scheme), which enables us to efficiently filter out elements satisfying a not-predicate by comparing their ancestor group identifiers. In this approach, a set of elements under the same common ancestor at a specific level in the xml tree is assigned same ancestor group identifier. Based on this scheme, we propose a novel sql translation algorithm for not-twig query evaluation. Experiments carried out confirm that our proposed approach built on top of an off-the-shelf commercial rdbms significantly outperforms state-of-the-art relational and native approaches. We also explore the query plans selected by a commercial relational optimizer to evaluate our translated queries in different input cardinality. Such exploration further validates the performance benefits of Andes.     

Conventional and Unconventional Mechanisms by which Exocytosis Proteins Oversee β-cell Function and Protection

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the prominent causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and beyond, reaching global pandemic proportions. One hallmark of T2D is dysfunctional glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cell. Insulin is secreted via the recruitment of insulin secretory granules to the plasma membrane, where the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) and SNARE regulators work together to dock the secretory granules and release insulin into the circulation. SNARE proteins and their regulators include the Syntaxins, SNAPs, Sec1/Munc18, VAMPs, and double C2-domain proteins. Recent studies using genomics, proteomics, and biochemical approaches have linked deficiencies of exocytosis proteins with the onset and progression of T2D. Promising results are also emerging wherein restoration or enhancement of certain exocytosis proteins to β-cells improves whole-body glucose homeostasis, enhances β-cell function, and surprisingly, protection of β-cell mass. Intriguingly, overexpression and knockout studies have revealed novel functions of certain exocytosis proteins, like Syntaxin 4, suggesting that exocytosis proteins can impact a variety of pathways, including inflammatory signaling and aging. In this review, we present the conventional and unconventional functions of β-cell exocytosis proteins in normal physiology and T2D and describe how these insights might improve clinical care for T2D.     

Optimization of a Hetero-Structure Vertical Tunnel FET for Enhanced Electrical Performance and Effects of Temperature Variation on RF/Linearity Parameters

Silicon - A new hetero-structure vertical tunnel field effect transistor is proposed and investigated using Sentaurus Technology Computer-aided Design simulation. Since the direction of the gate...     

Photoelastic Studies on Rubber-to-Rubber Joints

Photoelasticity is a method which yields information on the principal stress difference and orientation in a composite structure. Various problems associated with this technique, especially those concerning the fundamental relationship between the fringe order and the stress, have yet to be investigated. A few studies of this relationship in a universal stress state have been presented, particularly in the field of rubber-to-metal and rubber-to-fabric composites, but no evaluations have so far been made in the field of rubber-to-rubber joints. Applying the photoelastic method, we report our observations on the stress distribution in a natural rubber to natural rubber joint subjected to uniaxial tension. A comparison between the results of experimental photoelastic studies and the corresponding computer modelling has been illustrated. The theoretical displacement pattern of the angular joints of bi-rubber part has also been highlighted.     

Prediction of properties of rubber by using artificial neural networks

Different rubber formulations were designed using nitrile rubber and a mixed crosslinking system consisting of sulfur/accelerator and electron beam radiation. Based on the experimental results, an artificial neural network (ANN) was constructed to simulate the mechanical properties and volume fraction of rubber. The ANN could predict accurately the above properties for a series of nitrile rubber compounds. However, the number of training data played a key role in the ANN predictive quality. In addition, the more complex the nonlinear relation between input and output was, the larger was the number of training dataset required. The predicted results were further validated using another mathematical model. The constructed ANN was verified with a completely different styrene butadiene rubber system. The prediction was found to be extremely good. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2227–2237, 2006     

Rubber–clay nanocomposite by solution blending

Ethylene vinyl acetate rubber (45% vinyl acetate content, EVA‐45) and organomodified clay (12Me‐MMT) composites were prepared by solution blending of the rubber and the clay. A combination of X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that the composites obtained are on the nanometer scale. The measurements of the dynamic mechanical properties for different compositions over a temperature range (?100 to +100°C) showed that the storage moduli of these rubber–clay nanocomposites are higher above the glass to rubber transition temperature compared to the neat rubber. The tensile strength of the nanocomposites is about 1.6 times higher than that of the EVA‐45. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 2216–2220, 2003