碳单质的新成员

综述了碳的线性同素异形体的结构、性能、合成方法，并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

化学还原氧化石墨烯制备高性能石墨烯自组装水凝胶

提出了一种以抗坏血酸钠为还原剂,通过化学还原氧化石墨烯制备高性能石墨烯自组装水凝胶的方法.用扫描电镜,流变及电导率测试,光电子能谱,X-射线晶体衍射和拉曼光谱等手段对该石墨烯水凝胶的结构与性能进行了表征.结果表明:化学还原氧化石墨烯对形成石墨烯水凝胶具有决定性作用.该石墨烯水凝胶具有优异的导电性(1 S·m-1),机械强度和电化学性能.在1 mol·L-1的硫酸电解质溶液中,通过1.2A·g-1恒电流允放电测试,石墨烯水凝胶电极的比电容高达240F·g-1.

Abstract：

Three-dimensional self-assembled graphene hydrogels (SGHs)have been fabricated by chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO)with sodium ascorbate. The SGHs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,rheological tests,electrical conductivity measurements,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and Raman spectroscopy. Results indicate that the reduction of GO promotes the assembly of graphene sheets. The SGHs are electrically conductive(1s·m-1)and mechanically strong and exhibit excellent electrochemical performance.In 1 mol·L-1 aqueous solution of H2SO4,the specific capacitance of SGHs was measured to be about 240F·g-1 at a discharge current density of 1.2·-1.