用活性阳极泥脱除镍电解液中铜的研究

报道用活性阳极泥法，脱除镍电解阳极液中铜的实验结果。氯离子浓度为７０ｇ／Ｌ时，可使镍电解液中铜脱除到１ｍｇ／Ｌ以下，渣中Ｃｕ／Ｎｉ比达到２３。     

黄铁矿微生物浸出体系中的表面热力学和扩展DLVO理论

根据Young s方程的推导公式结合接触角的测定结果计算黄铁矿和氧化亚铁硫杆菌的表面能参数。结果表明,氧化亚铁硫杆菌的表面能明显高于黄铁矿的表面能。应用热力学计算氧化亚铁硫杆菌在黄铁矿表面吸附的自由能,发现其吸附自由能为正值,无法解释氧化亚铁硫杆菌在黄铁矿表面的吸附现象,而通过扩展DLVO理论建立的Lifshitz-van der Waals(LW)、Lewis acid-base(AB)和静电(EL)作用自由能与作用距离(d)之间的势能曲线,能够准确的预言氧化亚铁硫杆菌在黄铁矿表面的吸附现象。     

天然聚多糖对密胺海绵的疏水改性及其吸油性能研究

海上石油污染已成为海洋污染的核心问题,疏水亲油材料是高效的吸油材料之一。本研究以密胺海绵为基体,通过负压浸渍法,利用不同类型的天然聚多糖进行改性,以获得疏水亲油的吸油材料。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜成像、接触角分析对改性前后的海绵进行表征,研究了不同类型的多聚糖以及不同浸渍量对海绵吸油性能的影响。结果表明,密胺海绵经浓度为1%的中分子量壳聚糖改性后疏水亲油性能最好,其水接触角为151.30°,柴油吸附量为45.49 g/g。此类改性方法效果理想,且具备环境友好及操作简便等优点。     

Mechanism of crud formation in copper solvent extraction

The authors investigated the mechanism of crud formation in copper solvent extraction. It is indicated that pH value of solution and the phase ratio (O/A) are the main factors affecting crud formation in solvent extraction. The amount of crud extraction increases with aqueous pH value increase, and reduces with the increase of the phase ratio. Fe3 , Mg2 , fine air bubble and suspended particulates in leaching solution contribute to crud formation. One case is that a series of reactions of hydrolization and polymerization occurs for Fe3 , while pH＞2.5, polyhydric complex or Fe-SO4 complex are formed. Then the complex-ions of FeOH2 , Fe2(OH)4 2 cause poly-reaction, which is likely to lead emulsion. The study on Zeta potential indicates the repulsion between electriferous droplets in solvent extraction prevents phase coalescence, which is one of the major reasons for emulsion.     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长过程中铁的行为

研究了氧化亚铁硫杆菌在９Ｋ培养基中生长及铁的行为。以Ｆｅ２＋的氧化表征氧化亚铁硫杆菌的生长特性及活性，表明生长繁殖过程经历诱导期、缓慢期、指数期、稳定期和衰亡期。氧化亚铁硫杆菌在生长过程中，不断地将Ｆｅ２＋氧化为Ｆｅ３＋，同时Ｆｅ３＋又发生一系列的水解反应，并生成黄铵铁矾沉淀。Ｆｅ２＋的细菌氧化主要以Ｏ２为最终的电子受体。     

Isolation of Leptospirillum ferriphilum by single-layered solid medium

According to physiological and biochemical characteristics of Leptospirillum ferriphilum,a strain of object bacteria was isolated successfully.Bacteria were enriched by selective liquid medium and plated on designed single-layered agar solid medium.Colony was cultured and bacteria were collected.The morphologies of the object bacteria were observed using crystal violet staining,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The result of 16S rDNA identification shows that this bacterium belongs to Leptospirillum ferriphilum and it is named as Leptospirillum ferriphilum strain D1.These results indicate that this new single-layered agar solid medium is efficient and simple for isolation of Leptospirillum ferriphilum.Additionally,physiological-biochemical characteristics show that the optimum initial pH value and its growth temperature are 1.68 and 40 ℃,respectively.The culture of it is used to leach a complex concentrate chalcopyrite,the leaching efficiencies of copper and iron are 1.93 % and 13.74 %,respectively,and it is more effective than the A.ferrooxidans culture in the leaching of the complex concentrate chalcopyrite.     

热/可见光联合活化单过氧硫酸氢盐光敏降解罗丹明B

采用可见光/热/单过氧硫酸氢盐(PMS)体系氧化降解罗丹明B。在可见光条件下,考察了溶液温度、p H值、PMS初始浓度对罗丹明B降解动力学的影响。结果表明,在暗反应条件下,升高溶液温度,促进罗丹明B的降解,联合可见光光照,罗丹明B的降解率进一步增大。在酸性条件下,溶液p H值对罗丹明B降解的影响并不显著。在PMS初始浓度保持一定的范围内,罗丹明B的降解率与PMS初始浓度呈现出正相关关系。     

采用工业可编程控制器实现简单的时控型SBR 废水处理工艺的运行

文章介绍了采用工业可编程控制器(以下简称PLC)为核心研制的时控型SBR控制器的基本工作原理,硬件构成,以及软件控制过程.     

连续有机负荷冲击对SBR系统的影响

通过检测SBR系统中COD浓度和污泥特性的变化,研究了连续多个周期的有机负荷冲击对SBR系统运行的影响.结果表明,在正常进水的周期有机负荷为0.02 kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·h)的条件下,当周期有机冲击负荷为0.20 kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·h)时,后一冲击周期的出水COD值均比前一冲击周期的要高,并表现出两种不同层次的增长,为此首次提出了"贮存-利用(增殖)"模型进行解释;当周期有机冲击负荷为0.10 kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·h)时,SBR系统能够耐受连续多个周期的高有机负荷冲击;当周期有机冲击负荷为0.23 kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·h)时,在不排泥的情况下,活性污泥的快速增长可使SBR系统快速适应进水COD浓度的增加.     

桥梁钢结构长效防腐技术施工中常见问题的防治

文章总结了桥梁钢结构长效防腐的基本措施,论述了工程建设中普遍存在的管理问题,指出了长效防腐质量问题严重影响建设资源节约型社会的大政方针,急需改变目前防腐质量的现状.最后重点指出了工程建设过程中管理方面应该采取的一些改进措施.