Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Isoxazolinediones from One-pot Reaction of Alkylidene Meldrum ’s Acid with Alkyl Isocyanides in the Presence of Arylhydroxylamines

Alkyl isocyanides undergo a smooth reaction with alkylidene Meldrum’s acids in the presence of arylhydroxylamines to produce N ¹-alkyl-2-(3,5-dioxo-2-aryltetrahydro-4-isoxazolyl)alkanamides in high yields.     

Normal forms for nonlinear control systems with scalar output

We propose a normal form for nonlinear control systems with scalar output. We follow an approach proposed by Poincaré and adapted for control systems by Kang and Krener which consists of analyzing, step-by-step, the action of the change of coordinates on the system. To cite this article: I.A. Tall, M. Balde, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 341 (2005).     

Spectrophotometric determination of ciprofloxacin in pure form and in tablets through charge-transfer complexation reactions

Three simple, quick and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of ciprofloxacin. The methods are based on the reaction of this drug as ann-electron donor with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ), 7,7,8,8,-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) andp-chloranil (CL) as -acceptors to give highly coloured complex species. The coloured products are quantitated spectrophotometrically at 460, 843 and 550 nm for DDQ, TCNQ and CL, respectively. Optimization of the different experimental conditions is described. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 5–50, 1.5–15 and 20–200 g ml^–1 ciprofloxacin, but the concentration ranges for best accuracy are 10–48, 2.5–15 and 35– 195 g ml^–1 of drug for DDQ, TCNQ and CL, respectively. The relative standard deviations are less than 1.5%. Applications of the suggested methods to ciprofloxacin tablets are presented and compared with the USP method. The stability constants of the 11 DDQ and CL complexes were 1.086 × 10⁴ and 2.581 × 10⁴ lmol^–1, respectively, whereas for the 12 TCNQ complex it was 3.62 × 10⁸1. mol^–1.     

Spectrophotometry Determination of Copper and Palladium Using Some 1,3,5-Triphenylformazans

A new rapid and accurate method for the spectrophotometric microdetermination of Cu(II) and Pd(II) using some 1,3,5-triphenylformazans (I) is given. The optimum conditions for the formation of the complexes are extensively investigated. The ligands form 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) complexes with Cu and Pd ions, Beer's law is obeyed up to 3.8 and 6.5 ppm Cu and Pd respectively. The influence of foreign ions is investigated. The ligands were used successfully as indicators in spectrophotometric titration of Cu and Pd ions with EDTA and CDTA.     

Die Reaktion von Ce(III), Th(IV) und U(VI) mit Chinizaringrün und seinem nichtsulfonierten Grundkörper

The reaction of 1,4-(2-sulpho-4-methylanilino)anthraquinone (quinizarin green,QG) and its non-sulphonated derivative (NSQG) with Ce(III), Th(IV), and U(VI) was investigated. Spectrophotometric and conductometric studies were carried out to investigate the stoichiometry of the complexes formed. The studies revealed the formation of 11 and 12 (ML) complexes. The apparent stability constants of the different complexes were determined. The structure of the ligand in the solid chelates was studied by IR spectrophotometry which showed that the chelate formation takes place through the oxygen of the C=O group and the -imino nitrogen.

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Mit 6 Abbildungen     

New pyranosyl cembranoid diterpenes from Sarcophyton trocheliophorum

During our continual searching programme for novel bioactive metabolites from Sarcophyton trocheliophorum, collected from Red Sea, we describe herein the isolation and structural elucidation of further two new pyrane-based cembranoid diterpenes: 9-hydroxy-7,8-dehydro-sarcotrocheliol (1) and 8,9-expoy-sarcotrocheliol acetate (2), along with the well-known sarcotrocheliol acetate (3), (+)-sarcophine (4), (+)-sarcophytoxide (5) and (-)-sarcophytoxide (6). The chemical structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ¹H–¹H COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOE), mass spectra (ESI and HR-ESIMS) and by comparison with related structures. The antimicrobial activities of the reported compounds 1–6 were investigated. According to the molecular docking study of compounds 1–6 using 3D structure of α,β tubulin in complex with taxol (PDB code 1JFF) and epothilone A (PDB code 1TVK), sarcophine (4) displayed the highest affinity towards both crystal structures, followed by 5 and 6, meanwhile pyrane-based cembranoid diterpenes (1–3) showed less affinity.     

Oxidation with permanganate in presence of fluoride potentiometric determination of manganese(II)

The effects of acidity, fluoride concentration, temperature and concentration of manganese in the reaction between KMnO(4) and Mn(II) were studied potentiometrically. The rate of reaction is increased by increasing the fluoride concentration and/or decreasing the acidity of the solution. The formal redox potentials of the MnO(-)(4)/Mn(III) and the Mn(III)/Mn(II) systems were determined at different pH values. The E degrees values obtained by extrapolation to pH = 0 were 1.58 and 1.52 V respectively. The amount of Mn(II) determined was varied from 5 to 56 mg. The net reaction can be represented as MnO(-)(4) + 10HF(-)(2) + 4Mn(2+) right harpoon over left harpoon 5MnF(-)(4) + 2H(+) + 4H(2)O.