旋转机械故障诊断的自学习方法研究

分析并介绍了旋转机械故障诊断的模糊数学与专家系统相结合的诊断方法，提出了一种实用的自学习策略，用这一诊断方法在实验室对一双跨转子进行了两种常见故障的学习及诊断。并将该学习模块装入现场一台５０ＭＷ汽轮发电机组的故障诊断专家系统中，经过多年运行，专家系统知识库得到不断完善。     

A recognition method of vibration parameter image based on improved immune negative selection algorithm for rotating machinery

To overcome the limitations of traditional monitoring methods, based on vibration parameter image of rotating machinery, this paper presents an abnormality online monitoring method suitable for rotating machinery using the negative selection mechanism of biology immune system. This method uses techniques of biology clone and learning mechanism to improve the negative selection algorithm to generate detectors possessing different monitoring radius, covers the abnormality space effectively, and avoids such problems as the low efficiency of generating detectors, etc. The result of an example applying the presented monitoring method shows that this method can solve the difficulty of obtaining fault samples preferably and extract the turbine state character effectively, it also can detect abnormality by causing various fault of the turbine and obtain the degree of abnormality accurately. The exact monitoring precision of abnormality indicates that this method is feasible and has better on-line quality, accuracy and robustness.     

Rotordynamic forces generated by discharge-to-suction leakage flows in centrifugal pumps

In order to investigate the flow-induced vibration in the shroud passage of centrifugal pump and predict rotordynamic forces of centrifugal pump rotor system,an analysis of rotordynamic forces arising from shrouded centrifugal pump is presented. CFD techniques were utilized to analyze the full three-dimensional viscous,primary/secondary flow field in a centrifugal pump impeller to determine rotordynamic forces. Multiple quasi-steady solutions of an eccentric three-dimensional model at different whirl frequency ratios yielded the rotordynamic forces. The skew-symmetric stiffness,damping,and mass matrices were obtained by second-order least-squares analysis. Simulation of the coupled primary/secondary flow field was conducted,and the complex flow characteristics in the flow field of a shroud passage were achieved including the mean velocity and pressure,as well as the eddy in a large scale of flow field due to viscosity. The rotordynamic force coefficients were calculated,and the results were in good agreement with those of experiment except for the direct inertial coefficient without the consideration of whirling forces from the impeller primary flow passage.     

A Message Entropy Method of Learning from Examples

Extension matrix（EM）and ID3 are two main algorithms with wide applicationin the field of machine learning,but analysis shows EM may Cause false diagnosis and ID3may cause fail diagnosis.This paper presents a new combination of these two methods toachieve a new method called entropy extension matrix（EEM）and a new concept ofgeneralization association ability（GAA）.Results show that this algorithm has propertiesbetter than those of EM and ID3.     

涡轮转子起动温升曲线优化及试验研究

涡轮转子在快速起动的过程中会产生较大的热应力,影响转子的热疲劳寿命。结合遗传算法与转子结构热分析,提出发动机起动温升控制曲线非单调参数化,对涡轮转子快速起动过程中的温升控制曲线进行优化设计。优化过程以转子最大热应力为目标函数,计算搜索最优解,并研究温升控制曲线对转子最大热应力的影响。结果显示,优化后的发动机快速起动温升控制曲线可以有效地降低转子的最大热应力和缩短快速起动时间。同时,为了验证提出的涡轮转子快速起动温升曲线优化设计方法的有效性,搭建转子热冲击应力测试试验台,通过对比优化前后温升曲线下的转子最大热应力,验证了理论分析结果。提出的优化设计方法可以为发动机设计初期的快速起动控制方案设计提供一定借鉴。     

轴弯曲故障特征分析

本文根据旋转机械经常发生的三类轴弯曲故障即初始弯曲、一般热弯曲和摩擦热弯曲故障,着重对由初始轴弯曲和摩擦热弯曲引起的振动响应进行了理论推导和特征分析。结合所做实验和现场汽轮机轴弯曲故障情况,得出轴弯曲故障的一些特征,为防止和诊断这种故障提供参考的方法和依据。     

重型燃气轮机转子启动过程热弯曲故障实验研究

重型燃气轮机频繁启停过程易发生热弯曲故障,严重的会影响机组及人员安全.本文模化了某型实际重型燃气轮机转子,搭建了拉杆转子热弯曲故障实验台,利用电涡流位移传感器采集了转子3500 r/min下不同运行时间的振动数据,给出了转子热弯曲故障振动规律,实验结果表明:转子一、二阶临界转速分别为1070 r/min和3180 r/min,转子存在热弯曲故障时,转子振动随着运行时间逐渐下降,对重型燃气轮机机组实际运行过程热弯曲故障的诊断和监测有一定参考价值.     

超临界汽轮机高压缸有限元热应力分析

应用有限元分析程序对超临界600MW汽轮机高压缸方案进行三维有限元应力分析，提出采用带有一半圆槽的新型高压隔板套设计方案，可有效降低高压隔板套应力，采用椭圆形汽封结构形式，既可避免动静之间产生碰磨，又能使轴封和隔板汽封有较小的间隙，提高机组热效率，为超临界机组的研究与开发提供理论依据。     

滑动轴承非线性动态油膜力及稳定性的研究

在对有限长滑动轴承非线性压力分布函数及油膜力分析的基础上,定义了4个轴承流固耦合作用特征系数,同时根据轴承流固耦合运动能量转化的载荷平衡方程,提出了油膜-转子系统中轴承运行失稳的判据方程,解释了油膜力的作用机理,根据实例给出了轴承失稳的动力学特征。图6参6     

转子-轴承系统局部碰摩故障机理研究

对滑动轴承支承下的转子系统进行故障机理分析,建立了碰摩故障转子系统的动力学模型,应用非线性动力学理论对所建立的滑动轴承支承下的碰摩转子系统进行了研究,应用数值积分方法得到系统的响应,利用幅频曲线、分岔图和三维谱图研究了系统响应随转速、偏心量、半径间隙、摩擦因数及静子径向刚度等因素的变化规律。