图像分析检测滋养细胞瘤嗜银蛋白的临床意义

本文选取妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤石蜡包埋的组织块１００例，共分５组：（１）正常绒毛（对照组）２０例；（２）葡萄胎未恶变组４０例；（３）葡萄胎恶变组４０例；（４）恶性葡萄胎１０例；（５）绒毛膜癌组１０例。上述组织切片先按Ｐｌｏｔｏｎ’ｓ法行核仁组成区银染。再用图像分析法行核仁组成区嗜银蛋白颗粒计数和面积测量，两者结果均显著：组２高于组１（ｐ〈０．００１），组３高于组２（ｐ〈０．００１），组４高于组３（ｐ〈０     

p53基因突变对预测葡萄胎恶变的初步研究

随着人们对肿瘤分子生物学认识的不断深入 ,已知癌基因的激活和抑癌基因的失活对肿瘤的发生发展起重要作用。ｐ5 3基因是一种肿瘤抑制基因 ,在肝癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、卵巢癌等肿瘤中有突变失活[1] 。而在葡萄胎组织中ｐ5 3基因突变与恶变的关系研究较少 ,尚无定论。本研究采用聚合酶链反应 单链构象多态分析 (ＰＣＲ ＳＳＣＰ)技术检测葡萄胎组织中ｐ5 3基因第 5～ 8外显子突变情况 ,并结合患者的临床随访结果进行初步研究。现报道如下。一、资料与方法1.资料来源与分组 :收集 1992～ 1996年在我院住院清宫的葡萄胎患者 2 0例 ,根据 2…     

剖宫产后早孕药物流产加服米非司酮的临床观察

目的:探讨剖宫产后早孕药物流产加服米非司酮是否能提高完全流产率。方法:剖宫产后再次妊娠(停经≤49 d)行药物流产的孕妇240例,随机分为研究组和对照组。对照组120例,米非司酮75 mg/d(早50 mg,晚25 mg)连用2 d,第3日口服米索前列醇600μg;研究组120例,在对照组的基础上,服用米索前列醇后加服米非司酮25 mg,bid×3 d。结果:研究组和对照组的完全流产率分别为92.50%和73.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),阴道流血时间分别为11.0±4.0 d和14.7±5.4 d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:剖宫产后早孕药物流产加服米非司酮25 mg,bid×3 d,可提高完全流产率,缩短阴道流血时间。     

上海市浦东新区妇女绝经年龄及行经年限调查与影响因素分析

Objective To investigate natural spontaneous menopausal age , menstruation span and their relationship with menarche age and parity in Pudong district of Shanghai. Methods From Jan 2007 to Jul 2008, 15 083 spontaneous menopause women undergoing cervical cancer screening were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire included menarche age, parity, spontaneous menopausal age and menstruation span. Those women were divided into four groups based on age, which were group of 56 -60, 61 -65, 66 -70 and more than 70. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparing difference between menopausal age and menstruation span. Multiple factor regressions was used to analyze the relationship between menarche age, parity and menopausal age and menstruation span. Results (1) Spontaneous menopausal age: the minimum was 29 years old, the maximum was 61 years old, and the mean age was (50.6 ±3.7)years old. The mean spontaneous menopause age were (50.9 ± 3.4), ( 50.7 ± 3.7 ), (50.0 ± 4.1 ), (49.6 ±4.0) years in groups of 56 -60, 61 -65, 66 -70 and more than 70 years. With the increasing age range in four groups, the increasing trends of menopausal age were observed, which the difference of 1.36 year was shown between groups of 56 - 60 and more than 70 years. (2) Menstruation span: the mean of menstruation span was (34.3 ± 4.1 ) years, which the minimal age of 12 years and maximal age of 48 years were recorded. (34.6 ± 3.8), (34.3 ± 4.1 ), (33.9 ± 4.6), (33.2 ± 4. 5) were observed in groups of 56 - 60,61 -65, 66 -70 and more than 70 years. With the increasing age range in four groups, the increasing trends of menstruation span were observed, which the difference of 1.41 year was shown between groups of 56 –60 and more than 70 years. (3)The impact of menarche age on menopausal age and menstruation span: there was no correlation between menarche age and menopausal age ( r = 0.02); however, menstruation span was found to be negatively correlated with the menarche age ( r = - 0.43 ). (4) The impact of parity on menopausal age and menstruation span: the mean menopausal age of women who had 1 -2 deliveries was significantly higher than those had no delivery or more than 3 deliveries ( P < 0.05 ). However, there was no difference in menopausal age between women with 1 and 2 deliveries or between women without delivery and more than 3 deliveries (P > 0.05). Menstruation span of women with 1 delivery was significantly longer that those with more than 1 delivery( P < 0.05 ), similarly, women with 2 deliveries had longer menstruation span than women without delivery or more than 3 deliveries(P < 0.05 ). There were no difference in menstruation span between women with more than 3 deliveries and without delivery ( P >0.05 ). (5) Multifactor regression analysis for menstruation span: menarche age was correlated with menstruation span negatively ( r = - 0.97,P <0.001 ). There was significantly different menstruation span between group of 61 -65, 66 -70 or more than 70 years and group of 56-60 (r= -0. 18, P=0.020; r= -0.78,P <0.001 and r= - 1.23,P<0.001). Menstruation span in women with 1 -2 deliveries was significantly longer than that of women without delivery or more than 3 deliveries. (6)Multifactor logistic analysis of menopausal age: there was no association between menarche age and menopausal age, however, significant differences were found in mean menopausal age between different groups, which show that menopausal age of group 56 - 60 years was significant higher than the other groups, including age-group 61 -65 years ,66 -70 years and over 70 years ( r = - 0.18, P = 0.020; r = - 0.78,P < 0.001; r = - 1.23, P < 0.001 ). Menopausal age in women with 1 - 2 deliveries was significantly higher than those of women without delivery or with more than 3 deliveries,however, no difference between women with 1 and 2 deliveries or between women without deliveries and more than 3 deliveries was observed. Conclusion (1) Menopausal age and menstruation span exhibited increasing trends in Pudong district of Shanghai. (2) Menarche age and parity were the important factors influencing menopausal age and menstruation span. (3) With younger age of menarche, the menstruation span become longer. (4) Deliveries of 1 -2 times can significantly delay the menopause and prolong menstruation span, however, the multiple deliveries ( ≥ 3 times) had no significant impact on menopausal age and menstruation span.     

KAI1转移抑制蛋白在宫颈鳞癌中的表达

目的　探讨宫颈鳞癌中KAI1蛋白的表达与宫颈癌病理特征和侵袭转移的关系。方法　采用免疫组织化学SABC法检测12 0例石蜡切片KAI1蛋白表达,宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)组3 0例,宫颈癌组45例,其中正常宫颈对照组45例。结果　1)在正常宫颈组织,CIN及宫颈癌中KAI1表达阳性率分别为95 .5 6% ,93 .3 3 % ,64 .44 % ,宫颈癌组与前两组差异有显著意义(P <0 .0 5 ) ;2 )KAI1蛋白表达在宫颈鳞癌高、中、低分化组阳性表达率分别为76.47%、66.67%和2 8.5 7% ,三组间差异有显著意义(P <0 .0 5 )。KAI1表达强度与分化程度呈负相关(r =-0 .3 49,P <0 .0 1) ;3 ) ,KAI1蛋白在临床分期≤ⅡA期、ⅡB期、Ⅲ/Ⅳ期表达阳性率分别为78.95 %、70 .5 9%和2 2 .2 2 % ,各期间差异有显著意义(P <0 .0 5 )。KAI1蛋白表达强度与临床分期呈负相关(r =-0 .5 75 ,P <0 .0 1) ;4)KAI1蛋白表达在未转移中的阳性率79.3 1%明显高于淋巴转移组3 7.5 0 % ,差异有显著意义(P <0 .0 5 )。结论　KAI1蛋白与宫颈癌的发展密切相关,有可能从一定程度上预测宫颈癌侵袭转移的潜能。     

人乳头瘤病毒16及其变异体感染者宫颈E6、P53、E7和视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白表达研究

目的 探讨E6、E7、P53、视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(pRb)表达变化在HPV16单一型持续感染者宫颈病变早期进展中的作用.方法 选择2013年10月至2015年6月在上海市浦东新区人民医院宫颈疾病患者档案中登记的HPV16单一型持续阳性,但病理学正常的患者140例,行DNA序列分析检测HPV16变异体,按照是否存在变异体分为HPV16变异体组(变异体组)和HPV16非变异体组(非变异体组),随访1年对HPV16阳性者复测变异体,对同一变异体持续阳性或非变异体持续阳性者同时行宫颈活检,并用免疫组织化学法检测宫颈组织E6、E7、P53和pRb蛋白表达,进行分析比较.结果 得到同一变异体持续感染53例,非变异体持续感染51例,最终得到完整的免疫组化染色结果各50例.变异体组21例进展为CIN,非变异体组19例进展为CIN,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.166,P＞0.05).50例变异体持续感染患者中,34例(68.00％)的HPV16变异体属亚洲原型(As.P),3例(6.00％)属欧洲原型(EP),4例(8.00％)属亚洲变异休,7例(14.00％)属欧洲变异体,1例(2.00％)属非洲1变异体(Af1).E7在变异体组与非变异体组CIN患者的阳性率分别为81.00％和84.21％,均高于慢性宫颈炎,差异有统计学意义(x2=12.150和19.090,P＜0.01);而pRb在两组的慢性宫颈炎患者中阳性率为82.76％和80.65％,高于CIN患者,差异有统计学意义(x2=6.912和4.402,P＜0.05).结论 在宫颈病变早期,E7可能更早参与了其发生和进展,E7表达上升且pRb表达下降对HPV持续感染患者早期宫颈病变进展可能起一定预测作用.但E6、E7、P53和pRb表达在宫颈病变进展早期变异体与非变异体感染患者间并无差异.     

清热解毒制剂宫颈用药对HPV感染者局部免疫因子变化的影响

目的:观察清热解毒制剂宫颈用药对人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染者的临床疗效及对局部免疫因子的影响。方法:将高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(HR-HPV)持续感染而无宫颈组织学病变患者100例随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组以中药清热解毒制剂宫颈局部上药处理,对照组仅随访观察。采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定入组时及随访6、12个月时两组患者宫颈局部环境中γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)及白介素-4(IL-4)的水平;随访6、12个月复查HR-HPV及宫颈液基细胞(TCT),以HPV清除率为指标评价临床疗效。结果:与入组时比较,随访期间两组患者宫颈局部环境中IFN-γ水平均明显升高,IL-4水平均明显下降,IFN-γ/IL-4均明显升高(P0.01),其中治疗组各指标与对照组同期比较均有显著性差异(P0.05或P0.01);在随访期间,治疗组6个月时的HPV转阴率明显高于对照组(P0.01),随访12个月时治疗组仍优于对照组(P0.05)。在随访6和12个月时,HPV清除者的IFN-γ水平和IFN-γ/IL-4均明显高于未清除者(P0.01),而IL-4的水平明显低于未清除者(P0.01);所有患者在治疗过程中均无严重不良反应。结论:清热解毒制剂宫颈局部上药可清除HPV感染,且安全有效;其作用可能与上调IFN-γ表达、下调IL-4表达,扭转IFN-γ/IL-4比值有关。     

聚丙烯网片盆腔悬吊术治疗盆腔脏器脱垂79例

目的探讨聚丙烯网片盆腔悬吊术治疗女性盆腔脏器脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2003年12月～2008年12月我院应用国产穿刺锥行网片介入手术治疗79例POP的临床资料,评估该术式的治愈率、并发症、复发率和新盆腔症状。POP分级采用盆腔器官脱垂量化系统(POP-Q)评定,泌尿生殖道症状问询采用盆底功能障碍疾病相关问卷(PFDI-20)。结果术后1年POP治愈68例(86.1%),好转8例(10.1%)。术后3个月内POP复发1例(1.3%),再次手术随访2年末复发;术后1年POP复发3例(3.8%)。排尿障碍术后3个月内发生2例(2.5%),术后1年发生1例(1.3%)。网片腐蚀术后3个月内发生5例(6.3%),术后1年发生3例(3.8%)。术后1年出现性生活不适或疼痛4例(5.1%),术后出现膀胱过度活动症(overactive bladder,OAB)5例(6.3%),与网片相关的疼痛1例(1.3%)。结论聚丙烯网片POP腔悬吊术治疗盆疗效满意,复发率低,最多见的并发症是网片腐蚀,新出现的问题是OAB。     

余额卵巢输卵管腹膜外异位并输卵管巨大囊肿一例

余额卵巢输卵管腹膜外异位并输卵管巨大囊肿一例杨宾烈李英勇曹军作者单位：５２４００１广东湛江，广东医学院附属医院妇产科（杨宾烈，李英勇），病理科（曹军）患者４１岁，已婚。因腹部包块逐渐增大２年，于１９９４年４月８日入院。患者于２０年前查体发现腹部一包块...