Experimental Investigation of Instantaneous Properties of Wave Slamming on the Plate

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the instantaneous properties of wave slamming on the plate structure of an open structure.The advanced instantaneous measuring technique-Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) is applied to acquire the instantaneous velocity field of wave slamming.From the cross-correlation analysis results of the images captured by the CCD camera,the flow fields of wave impacting on the structure are displayed visually,and the instantaneous whole-field fluid velocity vectors are obtained.The relation between the instantaneous peak impacting pressures and the instantaneous velocities of water particles is studied by probability analysis.     

河南金矿床的多因复成特征及分布规律

依据地洼成矿对河南省金矿的成矿特点及分布规律进行探讨,认为省内金矿床多属岩浆热再造富集型多因复成矿床。燕山期重熔型花岗岩浆活动和不同型式、不同规模、不同期次的构造活动控制了金矿成矿的时空分布。分析了金矿床的形成机制,指出了找金的有利地区。矿     

钨,锡流—熔分配实验结果及其矿床成因意义

本文用实验确定了钨，锡在成分不同的花岗质熔体相与共存水热液体相的流－熔分配系数及其与介质溶液摩尔浓度间的函数关系，实验结果表明，钨，锡的分配行为明显不同。在相同条件下，随体系的不同，Ｄ＾Ｖ／Ｌ比与Ｄ＾Ｖ／ＬＳｎ大几倍至二十倍，钠和钾对钨，锡的流－熔分配行为的影响基本相同，而氟和氯对钨，锡的分配行为的影响相差甚远，花岗质熔体的主成分对Ｄ＾Ｖ／ＬＷ和Ｄ＾Ｖ／ＬＳｎ有复杂的影响。利用这些结果探讨与花岗岩     

膨胀石墨负载纳米TiO_2材料对机油的吸附和光催化降解

用溶胶凝胶法将纳米锐钛矿负载到膨胀石墨上,制备了即可吸油,又可降解油的膨胀石墨-TiO_2复合材料(EG-TiO_2)。在制备EG-TiO_2的工艺条件中,浸渍次数是影响其吸油能力的最主要因素,浸渍次数增多饱和吸油量下降。用失重法和红外光谱法研究EG-TiO_2催化降解机油的结果表明,EG-TiO_2对机油有明显的光催化降解效果,性能优于纯纳米TiO_2粉,其原因与EG-TiO_2中的纳米TiO_2具有三维立体薄片状结构及具有较高吸油性能有关。膨胀石墨负载纳米TiO_2材料对机油的吸附和光催化降解@曹宏$武汉工程大学材料学院!430074 @马恩宝$武汉工程大…     

国外城市农业的角色演变、潜在效益及其对中国的启示

作为新兴的农业形式,城市农业本质上是一项以食物生产为直接目的的城市生态工程,有望在促进城市可持续发展方面作出积极贡献。据此,文章首先从历史视角回顾了国外城市农业的发展历程,进而基于文献证据,论述了城市农业在环境、社会和经济三个维度上的潜在效益,并以特拉维夫市的绿色城市项目为例,对城市农业多功能效益的具体表现予以鉴析。基于此,文章进一步指出中国在发展城市农业方面尚存在诸多技术缺口,为了应对城市化时代可能面临的重大挑战和缩小城市农业发展上的国内外差距,中国应在建立技术法规与标准体系、提升规划设计与实施水平、促进城市农业装备研发应用和加强多学科技术集成方面及早开展行动。     

射流掺气对水垫塘及坑底压强影响的实验研究

通过对射流掺气与不掺气时,水垫塘底板及冲坑底部脉动压强的对比试验,研究了掺气对水垫塘及冲坑底部压强特性的影响。结果表明:在冲坑未形成前,掺气使水垫塘底板上射流冲击区的脉动压强增加;无论是否掺气,滞点时均压强的量纲一分布遵从相同的规律,底板量纲一时均压强分布存在很好的自模性,且与气体冲击射流的压强分布具有相同的规律。冲坑形成后,掺气不再明显增大冲坑底部的脉动压强,掺气后,坑底脉动压强没有明显的变化。     

软土次固结阶段桩侧负摩阻力变化规律研究

设计软黏土中单桩模型箱试验,模拟了桩周土逐级加荷沉降,通过量测超孔隙水压力、土体沉降及桩身轴力变化,分析了软黏土进入次固结阶段时,桩侧负摩阻力及桩身中性点位置变化情况。研究表明,在次固结阶段桩周土所产生的沉降对桩侧负摩阻力仍具有一定影响,沿桩身呈先增大后减小的趋势;当桩周土所施荷载等级达到一定程度时,桩身中性点位置将随着桩周土次固结时间的增长而逐渐上移。次固结阶段产生的沉降量与土体上所施加的荷载等级有关,随着桩周土荷载等级的增大,次固结阶段产生的沉降所占总沉降的比例逐渐减小,其蠕变效应逐渐减弱。     

滇中及邻区前地台大地构造演化与铜成矿作用

通过构造层的划分，探讨滇中及邻区前边台演化与运动特征。认为该地区前地台经历了萌陆壳稳定阶段、原陆壳活动阶段、稳定阶段和地槽阶段。壳体演化与运动是幔交替活动与壳体成熟之间互相联系互相制约的结果。最后总结了钢成矿作用与构造演化的若干关系。     

全球粮食安全格局的时空演化

Food security is the primary prerequisite for achieving other Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).Given that the MDG of“halving the proportion of hungers by 2015”was not realized as scheduled,it will be more pressing and challenging to reach the goal of zero hunger by 2030.So there is high urgency to find the pattern and mechanism of global food security from the perspective of spatio-temporal evolution.In this paper,based on the analysis of database by using a multi-index evaluation method and radar map area model,the global food security level for 172 countries from 2000 to 2014 were assessed;and then spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to depict the spatial patterns and changing characteristics of global food security;then,multi-nonlinear regression methods were employed to identify the factors affecting the food security patterns.The results show:1)The global food security pattern can be summarized as“high-high aggregation,low-low aggregation”.The most secure countries are mainly distributed in Western Europe,North America,Oceania and parts of East Asia.The least secure countries are mainly distributed in sub-Saharan Africa,South Asia and West Asia,and parts of Southeast Asia.2)Europe and sub-Saharan Africa are hot and cold spots of the global food security pattern respectively,while in non-aggregation areas,Haiti,North Korea,Tajikistan and Afghanistan have long-historical food insecurity problems.3)The pattern of global food security is generally stable,but the internal fluctuations in the extremely insecure groups were significant.The countries with the highest food insecurity are also the countries with the most fluctuated levels of food security.4)The annual average temperature,per capita GDP,proportion of people accessible to clean water,political stability and non-violence levels are the main factors influencing the global food security pattern.Research shows that the status of global food security has improved since the year 2000,yet there are still many challenges such as unstable global food security and acute regional food security issues.It will be difficult to understand these differences from a single factor,especially the annual average temperature and annual precipitation.The abnormal performance of the above factors indicates that appropriate natural conditions alone do not absolutely guarantee food security,while the levels of agricultural development,the purchasing power of residents,regional accessibility,as well as political and economic stability have more direct influence.