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排序方式: 共有65条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
J Vion-Dury AM Salvan S Confort-Gouny PJ Cozzone 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,27(27):1398-1405
NONINVASIVE EXPLORATION: Proton localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive human neurochemistry method based on the magnetic resonance phenomenon. ADVANTAGES: This exploration of brain metabolism, performed without any injection, detects neuronal, glial, and membrane markers, and can be performed after an MRI examination without moving the patient. INDICATIONS: In vivo brain MRS plays a major role (i) in early diagnosis of HIV-related encephalopathy, (ii) in differential diagnosis of HIV-related encephalopathy versus psychiatric symptoms or occurring in AIDS patients, (iii) in differential diagnosis of HIV-related encephalopathy versus other brain lesions related to AIDS, and (iv) in the follow-up of patient response to therapy. In these indications, MRS is frequently more reliable than neuropsychologic testing and more sensitive than MRI. 相似文献
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This paper presents a diagnostic methodology relying on a set-membership approach for fault detection and on a causal model for fault isolation. Set-membership methods are a promising approach to fault detection because they take into account a priori knowledge of model uncertainties and measurement errors. Every uncertain model parameter and/or measurement is represented by a bounded variable. In this paper, detection consists of verifying the membership of measurements to an interval. First order discrete time models are used and their output is explicitly computed with interval arithmetic. Fault isolation relies on a causal analysis and the exoneration principle, which allows focusing the consistency tests on simple local models. The isolation strategy consists of two steps: performing minimal tests found with the causal graph and determining on line additional relevant tests that reduce the final diagnosis. An application for a nuclear process is used in order to illustrate the method's efficiency. 相似文献
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Sylviane Gentil Jacky Montmain Christophe Combastel 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2004,34(5):2207-2221
This paper presents a model-based diagnostic method designed in the context of process supervision. It has been inspired by both artificial intelligence and control theory. AI contributes tools for qualitative modeling, including causal modeling, whose aim is to split a complex process into elementary submodels. Control theory, within the framework of fault detection and isolation (FDI), provides numerical models for generating and testing residuals, and for taking into account inaccuracies in the model, unknown disturbances and noise. Consistency-based reasoning provides a logical foundation for diagnostic reasoning and clarifies fundamental assumptions, such as single fault and exoneration. The diagnostic method presented in the paper benefits from the advantages of all these approaches. Causal modeling enables the method to focus on sufficient relations for fault isolation, which avoids combinatorial explosion. Moreover, it allows the model to be modified easily without changing any aspect of the diagnostic algorithm. The numerical submodels that are used to detect inconsistency benefit from the precise quantitative analysis of the FDI approach. The FDI models are studied in order to link this method with DX component-oriented reasoning. The recursive on-line use of this algorithm is explained and the concept of local exoneration is introduced. 相似文献
4.
Cuny Caroline; Chéry-Croze Sylviane; Bougeant Jean-Claude; Koenig Olivier 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,18(2):384
The authors tested functional hemispheric asymmetry through word dichotic listening and lateralized lexical decision tasks in tinnitus patients and controls stimulated by a continuous tinnitus-like noise to test the influence of a tinnitus-like external stimulation. A classic right-ear advantage was shown in the auditory task for all but right-ear tinnitus patients, who performed as equally badly when the stimuli were presented to the right and left ears. Concerning the visual task, all participants demonstrated the expected right visual field advantage for word stimuli. Moreover, those who submitted to external stimulation demonstrated normal asymmetric patterns. These data suggest a specific effect of tinnitus on central processing and provide evidence for a functional reorganization induced by this auditory phantom perception. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Abdallah Hamze Dr. Anne Giraud Dr. Samir Messaoudi Dr. Olivier Provot Dr. Jean‐François Peyrat Prof. Jérôme Bignon Dr. Jian‐Miao Liu Dr. Joanna Wdzieczak‐Bakala Dr. Sylviane Thoret Joëlle Dubois Dr. Jean‐Daniel Brion Prof. Mouad Alami Dr. 《ChemMedChem》2009,4(11):1912-1924
The cytotoxic activities of 23 new isocombretastatin A derivatives with modifications on the B‐ring were investigated. Several compounds exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity at nanomolar concentrations against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Compounds isoFCA‐4 ( 2 e ), isoCA‐4 ( 2 k ) and isoNH2CA‐4 ( 2 s ) were the most cytotoxic, and strongly inhibited tubulin polymerization with IC50 values of 4, 2 and 1.5 μM , respectively. These derivatives were found to be 10‐fold more active than phenstatin and colchicine with respect to growth inhibition but displayed similar activities as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. In addition, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and subsequent apoptosis was observed in three cancer cell lines when treated with these compounds. The disruptive effect of 2 e , 2 k and 2 s on the vessel‐like structures formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) suggest that these compounds may act as vascular disrupting agents. Both compounds 2 k and 2 s have the potential for further prodrug modification and development as vascular disrupting agents for treatment of solid tumors. 相似文献
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Viola A Nicoli F Denis B Confort-Gouny S Le Fur Y Ranjeva JP Viout P Cozzone PJ 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》2004,17(1):47-61
Cerebral metabolic changes that concur to motor and/or cognitive disorders in actively drinking alcoholics are not well established. We tested the hypothesis that chronic alcoholics exhibit profound alterations in the cerebral metabolism of scyllo-inositol. Brain metabolism was explored in nine actively drinking and 11 recently detoxified chronic alcoholics by in vivo brain 1H-MRS and in vitro 1H-MRS of blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid. The cohort was composed of individuals with acute, subacute or chronic encephalopathy or without any clinical encephalopathy. Chronic alcoholism is associated with a hitherto unrecognized accumulation of brain scyllo-inositol. Our results suggest that scyllo-inositol is produced within the central nervous system and shows a diffuse but heterogenous distribution in brain where it can persist several weeks after detoxification. Its highest levels were observed in subjects with a clinically symptomatic alcohol-related encephalopathy. When detected, brain scyllo-inositol takes part in a metabolic encephalopathy since it is associated with reduced N-acetylaspartate and increased creatine. High levels of cerebral scyllo-inositol are correlated with altered glial and neuronal metabolism. Our findings suggest that the accumulation of scyllo-inositol may precede and take part in the development of symptomatic alcoholic metabolic encephalopathy. 相似文献
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Mahmoud Sitohy Michle Dalgalarrondo Marie Nowoczin Bernard Besse Sylviane Billaudel Thomas Haertl Jean-Marc Chobert 《International Dairy Journal》2008,18(6):658-668
The antiviral activity of esterified whey proteins (IC50=20–40 μg mL−1) observed against poliovirus type-1 and Coxsackie virus B6 infecting Vero cells depended on five factors (in order of importance): concentration of esterified proteins, multiplicity of infection, duration of incubation, timing of esterified proteins addition after infection, and extent of esterification of proteins. Renewal of cell growth medium after 24 h of incubation with new medium containing the same amount of esterified proteins enhanced the anti Coxsackie virus effect. Difference between start of infection of the reporter Vero cells and the time of addition of esterified proteins significantly decreased their antiviral efficacies. The poliovirus titer reduced gradually in response to the increase of the concentrations of esterified proteins. The relative amounts of viral RNA were less affected by the esterified proteins concentration than was the virus infectious titer, indicating that inhibitory proteins may slow down viral multiplication, yielding reduced amounts of viral RNA. 相似文献