Subsampled terahertz data reconstruction based on spatio-temporal dictionary learning

In this paper, the problem of terahertz pulsed imaging and reconstruction is addressed. It is assumed that an incomplete (subsampled) three dimensional THz data set has been acquired and the aim is to recover all missing samples. A sparsity-inducing approach is proposed for this purpose. First, a simple interpolation is applied to incomplete noisy data. Then, we propose a spatio-temporal dictionary learning method to obtain an appropriate sparse representation of data based on a joint sparse recovery algorithm. Then, using the sparse coefficients and the learned dictionary, the 3D data is effectively denoised by minimizing a simple cost function. We consider two types of terahertz data to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach: THz data acquired for a model sample with clear layered structures (e.g., a T-shape plastic sheet buried in a polythene pellet), and pharmaceutical tablet data (with low spatial resolution). The achieved signal-to-noise-ratio for reconstruction of T-shape data, from only 5% observation was 19 dB. Moreover, the accuracies of obtained thickness and depth measurements for pharmaceutical tablet data after reconstruction from 10% observation were 98.8%, and 99.9%, respectively. These results, along with chemical mapping analysis, presented at the end of this paper, confirm the accuracy of the proposed method.     

Microstructure and broadband dielectric properties of Zn2SiO4 ceramics with nano-sized TiO2 addition

Zn₂SiO₄ ceramics with nano-sized TiO₂ addition (ZST) were synthesized by conventional solid state method. The association between the new composite's microstructures and dielectric properties reveals that reduced pores, increased density and average grain sizes with increasing sintering temperatures, have contributed to the increased permittivities at kHz and microwave bands; the decrease of the permittivities at 1275 °C is due to the form of twin planes. At the terahertz band, the competition of generating oxygen vacancies and forming them into twin crystallographic shear planes dominates the change of permittivities: the crystallographic shear planes decrease the permittivity at the sintering temperature 1225 °C and 1250 °C, and the high-rate generation of oxygen vacancies at 1275 °C increases the permittivities. The ZST ceramics demonstrate stable permittivity and low dielectric losses (<10^–3 from 10 kHz to microwave band; and <10^–2 at THz range); and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency is optimized to close zero. These advanced dielectric properties and low sintering temperature (<1300 °C) provide the ZST ceramics great potential in designing microwave and THz devices.     

Optical constants of CuO and ZnO particles in the terahertz frequency range

The optical constants (complex dielectric function) of CuO and ZnO particles in polyethylene pellets are measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The determination of the dielectric properties of these materials is of interest for energy-storage applications, for instance. Maxwell-Garnett theory is used to extract the contribution to the frequency-dependent optical constants of the oxide powders. The validity of the assumptions of Maxwell-Garnett theory are experimentally verified and self-consistency of the results of the model confirmed. On this basis, experimental complex permittivity values for isotropic CuO and ZnO oxide powders are reported in the 100 GHz-3 THz range.     

Lattice dynamics and terahertz response of microwave dielectrics: A case study of Al-doped Ca0.6Sm0.27TiO3 ceramics

Low-loss microwave dielectric ceramics are of great significance for fifth-generation telecommunication (5G) devices used for higher frequencies, while reducing the dielectric loss in the microwave band is still a technical challenge. Lattice dynamics and terahertz response are closely related to the polarization of dielectrics, and can be used as effective methods to explore the loss mechanism of microwave dielectrics. Here, Al³⁺ was doped into the conventional high-permittivity (ε_r) Ca_1-xSm_2x/3TiO₃ (x = 0.4) ceramic system, enhancing the Q×f values significantly. Raman spectra, thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC) and terahertz time-domain spectra (THz-TDS) together showed that the stiffness of cation vibration became stronger when z value was larger, indicating a smaller damping of the lattice vibration, and leading to lower extrinsic losses and higher Q×f values. The relationship between lattice dynamics, defect behavior and microwave dielectric loss will provide a significant reference for the development of low-loss microwave dielectric ceramics.     

220 GHz折叠波导慢波结构的有损参数化模型

建立了自洽的考虑波导璧损耗的折叠波导等效电路模型,用来计算该慢波结构周期TE10模式中各次空间谐波的相速度,耦合阻抗和线衰减系数.分析结果将会用到220 GHz折叠波导返波管一维束波互作用模型的计算中.当微波频率上升到太赫兹波段时,粗糙波导表面电流导致的壁损将不能再忽略不计.进一步研究表明,起振电流和输出功率水平将和损耗特性的计算密切相关.从原有模型发展而来的有损电路模型可以给出更准确损耗估计.建立了折叠波导慢波线三维谐振腔模型来验证本文的等效电路理论,有较好的吻合.采用了该理论导出参数的一维束波互作用模型和三维数值PIC方法同样有很好的一致性.     

介质目标的太赫兹波近场散射特性计算

该文基于广义的Kirchhoff阻抗边界条件和物理光学法,对太赫兹频段介质体近场散射特性进行了研究,给出了介质体近场散射计算公式。针对在太赫兹频段由于波长较短引起的计算量大幅提升的问题,采用以面元为计算单位、以像素为遮挡判断单位的太赫兹频段介质体近场散射的快速计算方法,该方法在保证计算精度的基础上,大大降低了计算复杂度和时间。计算了圆柱体和鸭嘴形介质体在不同距离下的雷达散射截面,并且分析了电磁场与物体相互作用后,相位项在不同距离、不同频率下对介质体雷达散射截面的影响。     

Performance analysis of an open-loop resonator loaded terahertz microstrip antenna

In this paper, an enhanced electrical performance of the open-loop loaded microstrip patch antenna at terahertz frequency has been investigated. The proposed antenna is designed to radiate at frequencies in the range of 0.5-0.7 THz with high gain and radiation efficiency. The effect of various substrate parameters on the electrical performance of the proposed antenna has been analyzed and simulated. The simulation has been performed using the CST Microwave studio, a commercial simulator based on finite integral technique. The directivity and radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna is 22.58 dBi and 94.50%, respectively, at 600 GHz. Further, the simulated results have been compared with Ansoft HFSS, a commercially available simulator based on the finite element method. We have also compared this proposed analytical result with reported literature with scale down approach.     

Compact Terahertz Wave Collimator Design with Photonic Crystal Slabs

A compact terahertz (THz) wave collimator is proposed,which works under the frequency from 2.4 THz to 2.7 THz with a photonic crystal (PC) slab based on the self-collimation effect.The plane wave expansion (PWE) method is used to calculate the dispersion surfaces and the equal-frequency contours (EFCs) and optimize the structure.The propagation of the THz waves in the structure is simulated and the normalized transmission is calculated by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary conditions.Numerical simulations show that the designed collimator has a good collimation property and a high transmittance.     

140GHz高速无线通信技术研究

太赫兹频段的宽带特性使得其在高速无线通信领域存在巨大的应用潜力,当前太赫兹通信存在的主要问题是辐射功率低、大气衰减严重及调制解调困难.该文在提出了基于“肖特基二极管次谐波混频技术+16 QAM高速数字调制解调技术”的太赫兹波超高速信息传输系统实现方案,该方案提高了太赫兹通信的频谱效率.并在国内首次实现了140 GHz无...     

Hg1-xCdx Te晶体生长及太赫兹性能研究

利用移动加热区方法(THM)生长了不同Cd组分的Hg1-xCdxTe晶体,通过傅立叶光谱仪和太赫兹时域光谱系统,研究了不同Cd组分Hg1-xCdxTe晶体在红外波段和太赫兹波段的透射光谱.当Cd组分小于0.279时,Hg1-xCdxTe材料在0.2～1.5 THz波段透过率接近0.在0.9 THz附近观察到Hg1-xC...