综合改进奇异谱分解和奇异值分解的齿轮故障特征提取方法

针对齿轮故障特征微弱，在强背景噪声下难以有效提取的问题，提出了一种改进奇异谱分解（ISSD）结合奇异值分解（SVD）的齿轮故障特征提取方法。针对奇异谱分解（SSD）算法中模态参数需凭经验选取的缺陷，基于散布熵优化算法对SSD算法进行了改进，在得到既定的一组奇异谱分量的基础上，根据峭度值最大准则筛选出了最佳奇异谱分量并进行了SVD处理，采用奇异值能量标准谱自适应地确定了信号重构阶数以还原信号和提高降噪效果。最后对信号进行包络解调以提取齿轮故障特征，将所提方法运用到仿真信号和齿轮实测信号中，并同传统包络谱、SSD包络谱以及经验模态分解结合SVD(EMD-SVD)方法进行了对比分析，结果表明，所提方法的降噪和特征提取效果更佳，能够更加有效地实现齿轮故障的判别。     

基于改进奇异值分解滤波和谱峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对含噪信号的有效奇异值个数难以确定的问题，提出了一种改进的奇异值分解降噪方法--奇异值累积法。该方法通过计算奇异值的实际下降值与奇异值平均下降速度累积量的差值，并取该差值最大值点的位置作为有效奇异值的分界点来确定有效奇异值的个数。在此基础上，提出了一种基于奇异值累积法与快速谱峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。采用奇异值累积法对原信号进行降噪处理，然后利用快速谱峭度确定滤波器中心频率及带宽，通过分析频段包络谱中明显的频率成分来诊断故障。该方法可以有效去除信号中的噪声，使得到的峭度值所反映的故障冲击更接近实际情况。对含内圈、外圈故障的滚动轴承实验数据进行分析，实验结果表明，相比快速谱峭度的故障诊断方法，该方法具有更好的故障识别效果。     

基于Hankel-SVD的非平稳超声血流成像杂波抑制技术研究

有效抑制由血管或血管周围组织时变运动引起的非平稳杂波对于提高诊断超声彩色血流成像中血流动力学参数描述的准确性有着极其重要的意义。该文基于奇异值滤波技术提出一种改进的非平稳杂波自适应抑制方法。该方法逐次利用单个慢时多普勒回波采样矢量构建 Hankel 矩阵,然后根据奇异值分解后得到的正交 Hankel 主成份所代表的频域内容,动态选取高阶Hankel主成份重构多普勒血流信号,实现非平稳杂波的有效抑制。为验证算法的有效性,分别对多普勒回波仿真模型合成数据与利用彩色超声设备(Sonix RP)采集的颈动脉血流基带回波信号进行滤波处理,然后采用滞一自相关估计法计算血流平均速度与功率并进行成像。处理结果表明,相对于传统IIR滤波方法与多项式回归滤波技术,利用该文所提算法可对高强度、非平稳杂波进行充分抑制,提高血流估计精度,此外,该算法具有空间自适应性,无需人为设定阈值参数以估计杂波空间维数,与现有基于特征分解的自适应滤波方法相比,可以有效提高组织空间高强度时变运动时血流与组织的区分能力。     

一类非线性信号去噪的奇异值分解有效迭代方法

对于一类非线性信号的去噪问题,该文提出一种基于奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition, SVD)的有效迭代方法.对现有奇异值差分谱方法在两类不同非线性信号上的去噪效果进行了对比,指出在信号不具有明显特征频率、非周期性变化时这一方法并不适用,并分析了现象产生的原因;然后针对该类信号的特点重新定义了Hankel矩阵结构,给出有效奇异值的确定方式,并通过SVD多次迭代过程实现对该类信号的有效去噪.对实际飞行数据去噪的实验结果表明,该方法对提出的一类信号对象不仅去噪效果良好,而且可提高运算效率.     

Data‐driven multiscale sparse representation for bearing fault diagnosis in wind turbine

With the increase of the wind turbine capacity, failures occur on the drivetrain of wind turbines frequently. Since faults of bearings in the wind turbine can lead to long downtime and even casualties, fault diagnosis of the drivetrain is very important to reduce the maintenance cost of the wind turbine and improve economic efficiency. However, the traditional diagnosis methods have difficulty in extracting the impulsive components from the vibration signal of the wind turbine because of heavy background noise and harmonic interference. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on data‐driven multiscale dictionary construction. Firstly, we achieve the useful atom through training the K‐means singular value decomposition (K‐SVD) model with a standard signal. Secondly, we deform the chosen atom into different shapes and construct the final dictionary. Thirdly, the constructed dictionary is used to sparsely represent the vibration signal, and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is performed to extract the impulsive component. The proposed method is robust to harmonic interference and heavy background noise. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by numerical simulation and two experimental cases including the bearing fault of the wind turbine generator in the field test. The overall results indicate that compared with traditional methods, the proposed method is able to extract the fault characteristics from the measured signals more efficiently.     

Weak signal identification with semantic web mining

We investigate an automated identification of weak signals according to Ansoff to improve strategic planning and technological forecasting. Literature shows that weak signals can be found in the organization’s environment and that they appear in different contexts. We use internet information to represent organization’s environment and we select these websites that are related to a given hypothesis. In contrast to related research, a methodology is provided that uses latent semantic indexing (LSI) for the identification of weak signals. This improves existing knowledge based approaches because LSI considers the aspects of meaning and thus, it is able to identify similar textual patterns in different contexts. A new weak signal maximization approach is introduced that replaces the commonly used prediction modeling approach in LSI. It enables to calculate the largest number of relevant weak signals represented by singular value decomposition (SVD) dimensions. A case study identifies and analyses weak signals to predict trends in the field of on-site medical oxygen production. This supports the planning of research and development (R&D) for a medical oxygen supplier. As a result, it is shown that the proposed methodology enables organizations to identify weak signals from the internet for a given hypothesis. This helps strategic planners to react ahead of time.     

基于EMD-SVD模型和SVM滚动轴承故障模式识别

针对滚动轴承振动信号的非平稳特性和在现实条件下难以获取大量故障样本的实际情况,提出一种经验模态分解、奇异值分解、Renyi熵和支持向量机相结合的故障诊断方法。运用经验模态分解方法对其去噪信号进行分析,利用互相关系数准则对固有模式分量进行筛选,再对所选分量重构相空间得到吸引子轨道矩阵;对矩阵进行奇异值分解求取奇异值,再计算这些奇异值的Renyi熵以组成故障特征向量,并将其作为支持向量机的输入以识别滚动轴承的故障类型。最后,利用实际滚动轴承试验数据的诊断与对比试验验证了该方法的有效性和泛化能力。     

双重功能图像水印算法

提出一种能同时实现内容认证和版权保护双重功能的图像水印算法.首先,对原始图像进行分块奇异值分解(SVD),计算所有子块最大奇异值的均值,通过比较各子块的最大奇异值与所有子块最大奇异值的均值间的数值关系产生鲁棒零水印序列.然后,对原始图像进行分块离散余弦变换(DCT).调整图像子块DCT高频系数的数值大小,建立同一子块两...     

基于小波分解和SVD降噪的齿轮箱特征提取研究

齿轮箱故障诊断的关键是对故障特征的提取。利用小波变换的多分辨特性,将齿轮箱振动信号进行分解及单支重构,获取原信号在不同频段上分布的详细信息,找出对应系统特征频率的尺度,并应用奇异值分解的方法对该尺度下的重构信号进行进一步的降噪处理,从中成功提取出信号的特征分量。