Embedding of any type of data in images based on a human visual model and multiple-based number conversion

A novel approach to embedding any type of digital data into a cover image is proposed, which utilizes a human visual model to guarantee that the modification of the cover image is imperceptible. A quantized contrast function based on the model is constructed first. The gray values of each 3×3 sub-image of the cover image are used to compute, using the function, a range of gray levels with the same contrast as that of the central pixel of the sub-image. The embedding process proceeds by replacing the gray value of the central pixel by one of the values in the range. This guarantees that the changes be imperceptible. The data to be embedded is treated as a binary stream and is partitioned into a number of sub-streams. A multiple-base number conversion mechanism is used to convert each sub-stream of data into values which are then embedded in the central pixels of sub-images. The embedded data can be extracted out from the resulting stego-image without referencing the original image. Experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible.     

用多数字基整数实现小波域多重数字水印嵌入

提出多数字基整数嵌入多重水印信息的算法。该算法基于人类视觉系统的掩盖效应的研究，利用小波域临界可见误差（UND）门限，决定水印嵌入的位置和动态调节水印嵌入的强度，从而使原始图像的小波系数加入水印的强度精确控制在门限内。多数子字基整数巧妙地将水印小波系数的信息转换为修改一组宿主图像小波系数的值。文中理论估计了该算法嵌入水印的容量，并分析了嵌入多重数字水印的可能性。该算法具有明显的优点：多个水印能够成功地嵌入版板保护图像；加水印图像没有改变时各个水印能完全恢复；对加水印图像进行攻击时，提取的各个水印图像清晰度高。实验结果表明，该算法很好地折衷了数字水印抵抗图像压缩、图像剪切等图像处理的鲁棒性以及数字水印不可察觉的矛盾，是一种很有前途的数字水印技术。     

基于多数字基整数和小波域JND的多重数字水印

提出了一种新颖的在小波变换域中嵌入多重数字水印的算法。该算法通过利用人眼的视觉特性，计算小波域临界可见误差JND门限，选择加载水印信息的小波系数和控制加载的水印强度。通过引入多数字基整数系统，选择舍适的JND门限作为该系统的基底，将水印的小波系数表示为多数字基整数，最后转化为修改一组宿主图像的小波系数的幅值，从而实现水印嵌入算法．实验结果表明，该算法实现的数字水印对于图像压缩、图像剪切等常见图像处理有很好的鲁棒性。